prelims.qxd 27/03/2017 14:32 Page i Handbook of Anaesthesia & Peri‐operative Medicine Edited by Cyprian Mendonca Chandrashekhar Vaidyanath i prelims.qxd 06/04/2017 16:58 Page ii Handbook of Anaesthesia & Peri‐operative Medicine íÑã=mìÄäáëÜáåÖ=iáãáíÉÇI=`~ëíäÉ=eáää=_~êåëI=e~êäÉóI=kê=pÜêÉïëÄìêóI=pvR SiuI=rhK=qÉäW=HQQ=EMFNVRO=RNMMSNX=c~ñW=HQQ=EMFNVRO=RNMNVO bJã~áäW=åáââá]íÑãéìÄäáëÜáåÖKÅçãX=tÉÄ=ëáíÉW=ïïïKíÑãéìÄäáëÜáåÖKÅçã aÉëáÖå=C=qóéÉëÉííáåÖW káââá=_ê~ãÜáää=_pÅ=eçåë=aáé=i~ï cáêëí=bÇáíáçåW «=OMNT _~ÅâÖêçìåÇ=ÅçîÉê=áã~ÖÉ«=`çãëíçÅâ=fåÅKI=ïïïKÅçãëíçÅâKÅçã m~éÉêÄ~Åâ= fp_kW=VTUJNJVNMMTVJNVJR bJÄççâ=ÉÇáíáçåëW OMNT ÉmìÄ= fp_kW=VTUJNJVNMMTVJOMJN jçÄá= fp_kW=VTUJNJVNMMTVJONJU tÉÄ=éÇÑ= fp_kW=VTUJNJVNMMTVJOOJR qÜÉ= ÉåíáêÉ= ÅçåíÉåíë= çÑ= Úe~åÇÄççâ=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~=C=mÉêáJçéÉê~íáîÉ jÉÇáÅáåÉÛ=áë=ÅçéóêáÖÜí=íÑã=mìÄäáëÜáåÖ=iíÇK=^é~êí=Ñêçã=~åó=Ñ~áê=ÇÉ~äáåÖ=Ñçê íÜÉ=éìêéçëÉë=çÑ=êÉëÉ~êÅÜ=çê=éêáî~íÉ=ëíìÇóI=çê=ÅêáíáÅáëã=çê=êÉîáÉïI=~ë éÉêãáííÉÇ= ìåÇÉê= íÜÉ= `çéóêáÖÜíI= aÉëáÖåë= ~åÇ= m~íÉåíë= ^Åí= NVUUI= íÜáë éìÄäáÅ~íáçå= ã~ó= åçí= ÄÉ= êÉéêçÇìÅÉÇI= ëíçêÉÇ= áå= ~= êÉíêáÉî~ä= ëóëíÉã= çê íê~åëãáííÉÇ=áå=~åó=Ñçêã=çê=Äó=~åó=ãÉ~åëI=ÉäÉÅíêçåáÅI=ÇáÖáí~äI=ãÉÅÜ~åáÅ~äI éÜçíçÅçéóáåÖI=êÉÅçêÇáåÖ=çê=çíÜÉêïáëÉI=ïáíÜçìí=íÜÉ=éêáçê=ïêáííÉå=éÉêãáëëáçå çÑ=íÜÉ=éìÄäáëÜÉêK kÉáíÜÉê=íÜÉ=~ìíÜçêëI=íÜÉ=ÉÇáíçêë=åçê=íÜÉ=éìÄäáëÜÉê=Å~å=~ÅÅÉéí=êÉëéçåëáÄáäáíó Ñçê=~åó=áåàìêó=çê=Ç~ã~ÖÉ=íç=éÉêëçåë=çê=éêçéÉêíó=çÅÅ~ëáçåÉÇ=íÜêçìÖÜ=íÜÉ áãéäÉãÉåí~íáçå=çÑ=~åó=áÇÉ~ë=çê=ìëÉ=çÑ=~åó=éêçÇìÅí=ÇÉëÅêáÄÉÇ=ÜÉêÉáåK kÉáíÜÉê= Å~å= íÜÉó= ~ÅÅÉéí= ~åó= êÉëéçåëáÄáäáíó= Ñçê= ÉêêçêëI= çãáëëáçåë= çê ãáëêÉéêÉëÉåí~íáçåëI=ÜçïëçÉîÉê=Å~ìëÉÇK tÜáäëí=ÉîÉêó=Å~êÉ=áë=í~âÉå=Äó=íÜÉ=~ìíÜçêëI=ÉÇáíçêë=~åÇ=íÜÉ=éìÄäáëÜÉê=íç ÉåëìêÉ=íÜ~í=~ää=áåÑçêã~íáçå=~åÇ=Ç~í~=áå=íÜáë=Äççâ=~êÉ=~ë=~ÅÅìê~íÉ=~ë éçëëáÄäÉ=~í=íÜÉ=íáãÉ=çÑ=ÖçáåÖ=íç=éêÉëëI=áí=áë=êÉÅçããÉåÇÉÇ=íÜ~í=êÉ~ÇÉêë=ëÉÉâ áåÇÉéÉåÇÉåí=îÉêáÑáÅ~íáçå=çÑ=~ÇîáÅÉ=çå=ÇêìÖ=çê=çíÜÉê=éêçÇìÅí=ìë~ÖÉI=ëìêÖáÅ~ä íÉÅÜåáèìÉë=~åÇ=ÅäáåáÅ~ä=éêçÅÉëëÉë=éêáçê=íç=íÜÉáê=ìëÉK qÜÉ=~ìíÜçêëI=ÉÇáíçêë=~åÇ=éìÄäáëÜÉê=Öê~íÉÑìääó=~ÅâåçïäÉÇÖÉ=íÜÉ=éÉêãáëëáçå Öê~åíÉÇ=íç=êÉéêçÇìÅÉ=íÜÉ=ÅçéóêáÖÜí=ã~íÉêá~ä=ïÜÉêÉ=~ééäáÅ~ÄäÉ=áå=íÜáë=ÄççâK bîÉêó=ÉÑÑçêí=Ü~ë=ÄÉÉå=ã~ÇÉ=íç=íê~ÅÉ=ÅçéóêáÖÜí=ÜçäÇÉêë=~åÇ=íç=çÄí~áå=íÜÉáê éÉêãáëëáçå=Ñçê=íÜÉ=ìëÉ=çÑ=ÅçéóêáÖÜí=ã~íÉêá~äK=qÜÉ=éìÄäáëÜÉê=~éçäçÖáòÉë=Ñçê ~åó=Éêêçêë=çê=çãáëëáçåë=~åÇ=ïçìäÇ=ÄÉ=Öê~íÉÑìä=áÑ=åçíáÑáÉÇ=çÑ=~åó=ÅçêêÉÅíáçåë íÜ~í=ëÜçìäÇ=ÄÉ=áåÅçêéçê~íÉÇ=áå=ÑìíìêÉ=êÉéêáåíë=çê=ÉÇáíáçåë=çÑ=íÜáë=ÄççâK mêáåíÉÇ=Äó=`~ãÄêá~å=mêáåíÉêëI=iä~åÄ~Ç~êå=oç~ÇI=^ÄÉêóëíïóíÜI=`ÉêÉÇáÖáçåI pvOP=PqkK= ii qÉäW=HQQ=EMFNVTM=SOTNNNX=tÉÄ=ëáíÉW=ïïïKÅ~ãÄêá~åJéêáåíÉêëKÅçKìâ= prelims.qxd 31/03/2017 13:56 Page iii Contents é~ÖÉ Contributors îááá Preface ñáá Abbreviations ñáî Acknowledgements ññáî Section 1 — Applied science Chapter 1 fåíê~îÉåçìë=~ÖÉåíë N jçÜ~ããÉÇ=^ìäÇáå Chapter 2 fåÜ~ä~íáçå~ä=~ÖÉåíë NV jçÜ~ããÉÇ=^ìäÇáå Chapter 3 kÉìêçãìëÅìä~ê=ÄäçÅâáåÖ=ÇêìÖë PV jÉÖÜå~=pÜ~êã~ Chapter 4 ^å~äÖÉëáÅ=ÇêìÖë RP pÜÉÑ~äá=`Ü~ìÇÜ~êá=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 5 içÅ~ä=~å~ÉëíÜÉíáÅë TN sáåÉëÜ=jáëíêó=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ iii prelims.qxd 27/03/2017 14:32 Page iv Handbook of Anaesthesia & Peri‐operative Medicine Chapter 6 mÉêáJçéÉê~íáîÉ=ãçåáíçêáåÖ UT h~îáíâìã~ê=a~ë~êá=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 7 ^å~ÉëíÜÉíáÅ=ã~ÅÜáåÉë NPN o~íÜáå~îÉä=pÜ~åãìÖ~ã=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 8 m~íáÉåí=éçëáíáçåáåÖ=Ñçê=ëìêÖÉêó NQP sáåÉëÜ=jáëíêó=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 9 oÉÖáçå~ä=~å~ÉëíÜÉëá~ NRV i~áíÜ=j~äÜ~ë=~åÇ=^ä~ëí~áê=c~áêÑáÉäÇ Section 2 — Peri‐operative medicine Chapter 10 mêÉJçéÉê~íáîÉ=~å~ÉëíÜÉíáÅ=~ëëÉëëãÉåí NVR `Ü~åÇê~ëÜÉâÜ~ê=s~áÇó~å~íÜ=~åÇ=jÉÖÜå~=pÜ~êã~ Chapter 11 mÉêáJçéÉê~íáîÉ=éÜ~êã~ÅçäçÖó ONN j~êâ=m~áë Chapter 12 mÉêáJçéÉê~íáîÉ=ÑäìáÇ=íÜÉê~éó OPP dÉãã~=aáÖå~ã=~åÇ=^ÜãÉÇ=jÉëÄ~Ü Chapter 13 mÉêáJçéÉê~íáîÉ=ÄäççÇ=íê~åëÑìëáçå ORR ^åìà~=m~íáä=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 14 mÉêáJçéÉê~íáîÉ=íÉãéÉê~íìêÉ=êÉÖìä~íáçå OTN ^åìàá=^ã~ê~ëÉâ~ê~=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 15 ^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~=~åÇ=ÉåÇçÅêáåÉ=ÇáëÉ~ëÉ OUR h~íÉ=_çëïçêíÜ Chapter 16 ^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~=~åÇ=Å~êÇáçî~ëÅìä~ê=ÇáëÉ~ëÉ PMR k~êÅáë=råÖìêÉ~åì=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ iv prelims.qxd 27/03/2017 14:32 Page v Contents Chapter 17 ^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~=~åÇ=êÉëéáê~íçêó=ÇáëÉ~ëÉ PQP o~åàå~=_~ëê~I=`Ü~åÇê~ëÜÉâÜ~ê=s~áÇó~å~íÜ=~åÇ=jÉä~åáÉ=p~Üåá Chapter 18 ^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~=~åÇ=çÄÉëáíó PSN j~Üìä=dçêÉÅÜ~=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 19 mçëíçéÉê~íáîÉ=êÉÅçîÉêó=~åÇ=Å~êÉ PTP dÉçêÖÉ=j~ÇÇÉå Section 3 — Airway management Chapter 20 ^áêï~ó=ã~å~ÖÉãÉåí PUV s~ëëáäáë=^íÜ~å~ëëçÖäçì=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Section 4 — Specialty‐specific procedures Chapter 21 eÉ~Ç=~åÇ=åÉÅâ=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë QPR ^äÉâë~åÇê~=kçïáÅâ~=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 22 ^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~=~åÇ=bkq=ëìêÖÉêó QSP ^äÉñ~åÇÉê=mÜáäáé=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 23 kÉìêçëìêÖáÅ~ä=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë QVR fäó~ë=n~òá=~åÇ=`óéêá~å=jÉåÇçåÅ~ Chapter 24 qÜçê~ÅáÅ=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë ROR k~ÖÉåÇê~=mê~ë~Ç=~åÇ=k~êçíÜ~ã=oK=_ìêêá Chapter 25 `~êÇá~Å=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë RRT k~êçíÜ~ã=oK=_ìêêá Chapter 26 ^ÄÇçãáå~ä=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë SMV j~Üìä=dçêÉÅÜ~=~åÇ=mÉÉóìëÜ=hìã~ê v prelims.qxd 27/03/2017 14:32 Page vi Handbook of Anaesthesia & Peri‐operative Medicine Chapter 27 bãÉêÖÉåÅó=ëìêÖáÅ~ä=éêçÅÉÇìêÉë SON dÉçêÖÉ=j~ÇÇÉå Chapter 28 lÄëíÉíêáÅ=~å~ÉëíÜÉëá~ SQR iäÉïÉääóå=cÉåíçåJj~ó Chapter 29 m~ÉÇá~íêáÅ=~å~ÉëíÜÉëá~ SSV `Ü~êäÉë=m~áê~ìÇÉ~ì=~åÇ=^åíçåá~=j~óÉää Section 5 — Peri‐operative emergencies Chapter 30 ^áêï~ó=~åÇ=êÉëéáê~íçêó=éêçÄäÉãë SUP `Üêáëíáå~=qçìêîáääÉ Chapter 31 `~êÇáçî~ëÅìä~ê=éêçÄäÉãë SVV `Üêáëíáå~=qçìêîáääÉ Chapter 32 jÉí~ÄçäáÅ=éêçÄäÉãë TON `Üêáëíáå~=qçìêîáääÉ Chapter 33 kÉìêçäçÖáÅ~ä=éêçÄäÉãë TPR `Üêáëíáå~=qçìêîáääÉ Section 6 — Critical care medicine Chapter 34 dÉåÉê~ä=ÅêáíáÅ~ä=Å~êÉ=ã~å~ÖÉãÉåí TQP ^äáëí~áê=_ìêåë=~åÇ=káÅâ=q~äÄçí Chapter 35 pÉéëáë TRV qçã=_áääó~êÇ Chapter 36 sÉåíáä~íçêó=ëìééçêí TTP káÅâ=q~äÄçí=~åÇ=^äáëí~áê=_ìêåë vi prelims.qxd 27/03/2017 14:32 Page vii Contents Section 7 — Pain medicine Chapter 37 j~å~ÖÉãÉåí=çÑ=ÅÜêçåáÅ=é~áå TVN ^âáä~å=sÉä~óìÇÜ~å=~åÇ=^äáêÉò~=cÉáòÉêÑ~å Index UMV Other books in the series UPT vii prelims.qxd 27/03/2017 14:32 Page viii Contributors Anuji Amarasekara, MBBS FRCA `çåëìäí~åí=^å~ÉëíÜÉíáëí råáîÉêëáíó=eçëéáí~äë=`çîÉåíêó=C=t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=kep=qêìëíI=rh Vassilis Athanassoglou, MA MB BChir FRCA `çåëìäí~åí=^å~ÉëíÜÉíáëí lñÑçêÇ=råáîÉêëáíó=eçëéáí~äë=kep=qêìëíI=rh Mohammed Auldin, MB ChB FRCA péÉÅá~äáíó=oÉÖáëíê~ê= t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=pÅÜççä=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~I=rh Ranjna Basra, MBChB MRCEM ^Çî~åÅÉÇ=oÉëéáê~íçêó=C=b`jl=cÉääçï= dìóÛë=~åÇ=pí=qÜçã~ëÛ=kep=cçìåÇ~íáçå=qêìëíI=rh Tom Billyard, FRCA FFICM `çåëìäí~åí=^å~ÉëíÜÉíáëí=C=fåíÉåëáîáëí råáîÉêëáíó=eçëéáí~äë=`çîÉåíêó=C=t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=kep=qêìëíI=rh Kate Bosworth, MB ChB FRCA péÉÅá~äáíó=oÉÖáëíê~ê= t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=pÅÜççä=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~I=rh Alistair Burns, BSc MB ChB FRCA péÉÅá~äáíó=oÉÖáëíê~ê= t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=pÅÜççä=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~I=rh Narotham R. Burri, MD FRCA `çåëìäí~åí=^å~ÉëíÜÉíáëí råáîÉêëáíó=eçëéáí~äë=`çîÉåíêó=C=t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=kep=qêìëíI=rh viii prelims.qxd 27/03/2017 14:32 Page ix Contributors Shefali Chaudhari, MBBS FRCA `çåëìäí~åí=^å~ÉëíÜÉíáëí dÉçêÖÉ=bääáçí=eçëéáí~ä=kep=qêìëíI=rh= Kavitkumar Dasari, BSc (Hons) MB ChB péÉÅá~äáíó=oÉÖáëíê~ê= t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=pÅÜççä=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~I=rh Gemma Dignam, BMedSc BMBS FCAI FRCA FFICM `çåëìäí~åí=^å~ÉëíÜÉíáëí=~åÇ=fåíÉåëáîáëí råáîÉêëáíó=eçëéáí~äë=`çîÉåíêó=C=t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=kep=qêìëíI=rh Llewellyn Fenton‐May, MB ChB FRCA `çåëìäí~åí=^å~ÉëíÜÉíáëí eÉ~êí=çÑ=båÖä~åÇ=kep=cçìåÇ~íáçå=qêìëíI=rh Alastair Fairfield, BSc FRCA péÉÅá~äáíó=oÉÖáëíê~ê= t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=pÅÜççä=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~I=rh Alireza Feizerfan, MD FRCA FANZCA cÉääçï=áå=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~ oçó~ä=mÉêíÜ=eçëéáí~äI=^ìëíê~äá~ Mahul Gorecha, MBChB FCAI FRCA péÉÅá~äáíó=oÉÖáëíê~ê= t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=pÅÜççä=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~I=rh Peeyush Kumar, MBBS FRCA FCAI `çåëìäí~åí=^å~ÉëíÜÉíáëí råáîÉêëáíó=eçëéáí~äë=`çîÉåíêó=C=t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=kep=qêìëíI=rh George Madden, BMedSc MB ChB MAcadMEd FRCA péÉÅá~äáíó=oÉÖáëíê~ê= t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=pÅÜççä=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~I=rh Laith Malhas, MB ChB FRCA péÉÅá~äáíó=oÉÖáëíê~ê= t~êïáÅâëÜáêÉ=pÅÜççä=çÑ=^å~ÉëíÜÉëá~I=rh ix