Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering Harald Drück · Radhakrishna G. Pillai Manoj G. Tharian · Aysha Zeneeb Majeed Editors Green Buildings and Sustainable Engineering Proceedings of GBSE 2018 Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13593 ü Harald Dr ck Radhakrishna G. Pillai (cid:129) Manoj G. Tharian Aysha Zeneeb Majeed (cid:129) Editors Green Buildings and Sustainable Engineering Proceedings of GBSE 2018 123 Editors Harald Drück Manoj G.Tharian Research andTesting Centre forThermal Department ofMechanical Engineering SolarSystems (TZS),Institute of Rajagiri Schoolof Engineering ThermodynamicsandThermal andTechnology Engineering Kochi, Kerala, India University of Stuttgart Stuttgart, Germany Aysha Zeneeb Majeed Department ofCivil Engineering Radhakrishna G.Pillai Rajagiri Schoolof Engineering Department ofCivil Engineering andTechnology Indian Institute of Technology Madras Kochi, Kerala, India Chennai, Tamil Nadu,India ISSN 2363-7633 ISSN 2363-7641 (electronic) SpringerTransactions in CivilandEnvironmental Engineering ISBN978-981-13-1201-4 ISBN978-981-13-1202-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1202-1 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018945446 ©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2019 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. 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Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:152BeachRoad,#21-01/04GatewayEast,Singapore189721, Singapore Preface The first International Conference on Green Building and Sustainable Engineering (GBSE2018)washeldatRajagiriSchoolofEngineeringandTechnology(RSET), Kochi, India, on January 24 and 25, 2018. GBSE 2018 was jointly organized by RSET and Research and Testing Centre for Thermal Solar Systems (TZS), ITW, University of Stuttgart, Germany. The conference was inaugurated by Dr. Syed Ibrahim, Honorary Consul of the Federal Republic of Germany, in Kerala. The conference chairs, Prof. Dr.-Ing. HaraldDrückandProf.Dr.-Ing.VarghesePanthalookaran,introducedthethemeto the participants. GBSE 2018 provided a common platform for students, academicians, research- ers, green building advocates, industries, policy-makers, and architects across the globe to express their views and share their experiences in the field of sustainable engineering.Theconference wasasteptowardachievingthedreamofacleanand healthy,livableenvironment. GBSE2018attractedmanyregionalandinternationaldelegates,andatotalof86 abstractswerereceived.Afteraninitialreview,64paperswereselectedforthepeer reviewprocess.Thereviewpanelincludedeminentacademiciansandexpertsinthe fieldofgreenbuildingandsustainableengineeringfromIndiaandabroadincluding Germany, USA, Spain, Denmark, and China. Forty-four papers selected for the final presentation were presented in front of technical experts in eight sessions spread over two days. Program Committee selected 40 (acceptance rate 46.51%) articles that met standards set for publication, after careful discussions and con- sidering opinions from a wide audience. GBSE2018wasenrichedwithanIndo-GermandialogueonSmartandSustainable Habitats.Mr.M.Selvarasu,Director,LEADConsultancyandEngineeringServices (India)Pvt.Ltd.;Mr.V.Suresh,Chairman,NationalBuildingCodeofIndia;Dr.-Ing. HaraldDrück,Head,TZS,UniversityofStuttgart,Germany;Mr.SathishKumarPai, CIAL Ltd.; Dr. Jyotirmay Mathur, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MNIT Jaipur; Mr. Verghese Jacob, Chairman, STEAG Energy Services (India) Pvt. Ltd.; Prof.Dr.MichaelPfeffer,Pro-ViceChancellor,Ravensburg-WeingartenUniversity, Germany;Dr.AnanthakumarS.,SeniorPrincipalScientist,NIIST;Mr.AjayGupta, v vi Preface Head of Security Enterprises, Siemens India; Mr. Siddalingesh Kittur, Business Excellence Leader, Honeywell India; Dr. Sridhar H. V., Head, Design and Engineering,BoschEnergyandBuildingSolutions,India;andAr.MayankBarjatya, Managing Director, PrithweEarthing Center, India, presented technical sessions during the two-day program. About 50 delegates participated in the event. The Indo-Germandialoguedeliveredhigh-quality,stimulatingandenlighteningcontents. InconnectionwithGBSE2018,anexhibitionofsmartandsustainableproducts was held on January 24 and 25, 2018, at Rajagiri School of Engineering and Technology, Kochi, India. Many industries gained the opportunity to exhibit their products. Companies including Latston Building Materials, Malabar Cements, Digitex, Surya Energy Solutions, IOCL, iCLEBO Intelligent Cleaning Robot, CADmarC Software Private Limited, Enagic Kangen Water, NeST Technologies, Excel Earthings, V-Guard, Solgen Energy, and Noel had set up stalls in the exhibition. GBSE 2018 also included two pre-conference workshops. The first workshop was on “Solar and Electric Water Boats” by Mr. Arjun Bhaskar, Marketing Manager,NavaltBoatLtd.Thedesign,technical,andsafetyfeaturesofsolarwater boats were explained by Mr. Bhaskar. The second workshop was on “Sustainable Building Technology” by Mr. T. P. Madhusudhanan, Chief Consultant of Habitat Group. The session highlighted the use of bamboo as reinforcing material and various other alternative methods of construction. We would like to thank all the Steering Committee members, Technical Committee members, and additional reviewers for their hard work in reviewing papers carefully and rigorously. In addition, we thank all the sponsors of GBSE 2018, especially STEAG Energy Services (India) Pvt. Ltd., NeST Technologies, CIALLtd.,andtheKeralaStateCouncilforScience,TechnologyandEnvironment (KSCSTE). We hope that you will find this proceedings to be a valuable resource in your professional, research, and educational activities. Stuttgart, Germany Harald Drück Chennai, India Radhakrishna G. Pillai Kochi, India Manoj G. Tharian Kochi, India Aysha Zeneeb Majeed Organizing Committee International Conference on Green Buildings and Sustainable Engineering GBSE 2018 & Indo-German Dialogue and Exposition on Smart and Sustainable Habitat for Smart Cities SASH 2018 The International Conference on Green Buildings and Sustainable Engineering (GBSE2018)isorganizedbythedepartmentsofMechanicalEngineeringandCivil Engineering, Rajagiri School of Engineering and Technology, Kochi, India, toge- ther with the Research and Testing Centre for Thermal Solar Systems (TZS), Institute of Thermodynamics and Thermal Engineering (ITW), University of Stuttgart, Germany, with the theme Transforming Our Built Environment Through Innovation and Integration Toward a Smart and Sustainable Future. Patrons Rev. Dr. Mathew Vattathara CMI Rev. Fr. Jose Alex CMI General Chairs Dr. A. Unnikrishnan, RSET, India Prof. C. V. R. Murty, Director, IITJ, India Program Chairs Dr.-Ing. Harald Drück, University of Stuttgart, Germany Dr.-Ing. Fr. Varghese Panthalookaran, RSET Steering Committee Dr. Abraham Thomas, RSET, India Dr. Antony V. Varghese, RSET, India vii viii OrganizingCommittee Dr. Benny Raphael, IITM, India Prof. C. G. Nandakumar, CUSAT, India Prof. Eldho T. I., IITB, India Prof. Frank Spate, Amberg-Weiden University, Germany Prof. Ganesh L. S., IITM, India. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gerhard Seelmann, Hochschule Aalen, Germany Dr. Jaison Jacob, RSET, India Fr. Dr. Jaison Paul Mulerickal CMI, RSET, India Dr. John Jose, IITG, India Dr. John M. George, RSET, India Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Trost, Hochschule Aalen, Germany Prof. Dr. sc. techn. Michael Pfeffer, Ravensburg-Weingarten University, Germany Prof. K. A. Ouseph, RSET, India Dr. Mohammad Arif Kamal, Aligarh Muslim University, India Dr. Ramesh Rayudu, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand Prof. Rupen Goswami, IITM, India Dr. Thankachan T. Pullan, RSET, India Dr. Unnikrishnan P. C., RSET, India Dr. Varghese Paul, RSET, India Technical Program Committee Dr. Amba Shetty, NITK, India Prof. Amritanshu Shriwastav, IITB, India Dr. A. Veeraragavan, IITM, India Prof. Bale Reddy, University of Ontario, Canada Dr. Beena P. R., CET, TVM Dr. Bharati Raj, MCE,TVM Dr. Bino I. Koshy, RIT, India Dr. Brijesh Paul, MACE, India Dr. Daniel Mugnier, TECSOL, Perpignan, France Mr. David Kaufman, National Solar Institute, Energy Solutions, USA Dr. Deepa Raj, CET, TVM Dr.-Ing. Elke Malleier, Sustainability and Green Building Consultant, Singapore Dr. Girija K., CET, TVM Dr. Glory Joseph, CUSAT, India Dr. Himadri Roy, CMERI, Durgapur, India Dr. Honey John, CUSAT, India Dr. Jayadas N. H., CUSAT, India Prof. Jean-Christophe Hadorn, EPFL, Switzerland Dr. Job Thomas, CUSAT, India Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jörg Londong, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Germany OrganizingCommittee ix Dr. Kavitha P. E., SNGC, India Mr.KenGuthrie,DirectorofSustainableEnergyTransformationPty.Ltd.,Australia Dr. Kim Augustin, Hamburg Wasser, Hamburg, Germany Dr. Lakshman Nandagiri, NITK, India Mr.LexBosselaar,TheDutchIEASHCExecutiveCommitteemember,Netherlands Dr. L. Rekha, GEC Thrissur, India Prof. Luisa F. Cabeza, University of Lleida, Spain Dr. M. Satyakumar, MBCET, India Dr. M. V. L. R. Anjaneyulu, NIT Calicut, India Dr. Manju V. S., CET, India Dr. Meril George, SCMS, India Dr. Mini Soman, CET, TVM Dr. Nisa Salim, Deakin University, Australia Dr. Nishar Hameed, University of Swinburne, Australia. Dr. Padmakumar R., CET, India Mr. Qingtai Jiao, Jiangsu Sunrain Solar Energy Co., Ltd., China Dr. Radhakrishna Panicker M. R., CUSAT, India Dr. Rakesh J. Pillai, NITW, India Dr. Ravi K., IITG, India Dr. Ruby Abraham, MCE, India Prof. Sandra Contreras, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain Dr. Santhosh Thampi, NIT Calicut, India Dr. Smitha K. K., SNGCE, India Dr. Sobha Cyrus, CUSAT, India Dr. Suhas Ranjan Dey, IITH, India Prof. Sumathi Suresh, IITB, India Dr. Suresh A. Kartha, IITG, India Mr. Thomas Giese, Hamburg Wasser, Hamburg, Germany Prof. Dr. Ursula Eicker, University of Applied Sciences Stuttgart, Stuttgart Prof. Yogendra Shastri, IITB, India Track Chair Dr. Ajith Kumar. A., RSET, India Dr. Benny Mathews Abraham, CUSAT, India Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Mandel, Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg, Germany Dr.-Ing. Henner Kerskes, University of Stuttgart, Germany Dr. Lakshman Nandagiri, NITK, India Dr. Santhosh Thampi, NIT Calicut, India Prof. Simon Furbo, Technical University of Denmark Dr. Sreekumar V. M., RSET, India Mr.WernerWeiss,Director,AEE—InstituteforSustainableTechnologies,Austria Prof. Zinian He, Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute, China