GREEN ARCHITECTURE 绿色建筑 刘晨 编 常文心 译 辽宁科学技术出版社  Foreward Journey of Green Architecture 前 言 绿色建筑之旅 Green buildings save energy, reduce CO2 emissions, conserve water, improve the health of their occupants, increase productivity, cost less to operate and maintain, and increasingly cost no more to build than conventional structures. Because of these benefits, they are becoming highly prized assets for companies, communities and individuals nationwide, and a critically important part of the solution to global climate change and energy dependence. The U.S. Green Building Council’s LEED® Green Building Rating System has been the catalyst for this fundamental shift in how we design, build, operate and maintain buildings. Since 2001, LEED has provided building owners and operators with an objective, verifiable definition of “green,” along with design and measurement tools with the reliability and integrity they need to have an immediate, quantifiable impact on their buildings’ performance. It has become 绿色建筑可以节约能源、减少二氧化碳排放、保护水资源、改善使用者的健康状况、提高工作效 率、减少运营和维护成本，并且与传统建筑的建造成本基本持平。由于具有以上优势，绿色建筑 为公司、社区、个人带来了极大的利益，是解决全球气候变化和能源依赖的决定性解决方案。 美国绿色建筑协会的LEED绿色建筑评估体系是改变传统建筑设计、建造、运营、维护方式 的催化剂。自2001年以来，LEED为建筑物业主和运营商提供了客观、可验证的“绿色”概 念，为他们提供了可靠而完整的设计与度量工具，直接而有效地提高了他们建筑的性能。由于  the nationally accepted benchmark because it provides a concise framework for best-practices in high-performance green building design and operations. Education is the key to transforming the built environment towards sustainability. Green Architecture contributes towards that mission by covering the importance of energy efficiency in our commercial and residential building stock while illustrating the vast financial and environmental benefits of green building. Endorsement from U.S. Green Building Council LEED为高性能绿色建筑设计与运营提供了精准的最佳模式框架，现在，LEED已经成为美国衡 量建筑绿色与否的标准。 教育是将建筑环境向可持续环境转变的重要手段。《绿色建筑》向读者展示了商业建筑和住宅 建筑中能源效率的重要性，并且以丰富的图表和文字举例说明了绿色建筑巨大的经济效益与环 境效益。 美国绿色建筑协会  Contents Building Strategy 建筑策略 目 录 5 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology 阿卜杜拉国王科技大学 15 Great River Energy Headquarters 大河能源公司总部 23 Ballard Library and Neighbourhood Service Centre 巴拉德图书馆和社区服务中心 29 Manassas Park Elementary School+Pre-K 马纳萨斯帕克小学+学前教育学校 37 Poquoson Elementary School 普库森小学 45 Santa Monica Civic Center Parking Structure 圣塔莫尼卡市政中心停车场 51 ASU Polytechnic Academic Buildings 亚利桑那大学理工学院教学楼 57 Shangri La Botanical Gardens and Nature Centre 香格里拉植物园和自然中心 61 Granville New Homes 格兰维尔新家园 67 West Vancouver Community Centre 西温哥华社区中心 73 Vancouver Olympic-Paralympic Centre 温哥华奥运/残奥中心 81 Seattle City Hall 西雅图市政厅 87 IRS Kansas City Campus 美国国税局堪萨斯城园区 95 World Headquarters for the International Fund for Animal Welfare 国际动物福利基金会总部 101 BDP Manchester Studio BDP曼彻斯特工作室 107 The Environmental Protection Agency Region 8 Headquarters Building 美国环境保护署第八区总部大楼 113 Pacific Lutheran University, Morken Centre for Learning and Technology 太平洋路德大学摩尔肯学习和技术中心 119 Harvard University Library Services Building 哈佛大学图书服务楼 123 Aldo Leopold Legacy Centre 奥尔多·利奥波德遗产中心  Building Material 建筑材料 Building Structure 建筑结构 127 Twelve|West 225 Dockside Green:Phases I & II 十二西区大厦 水边绿色建筑：第一、二期工程 135 GreenCity Lofts 233 Richmond Olympic Oval 绿色城市LOFT住宅 列治文奥运速度滑冰馆 139 Special NO 9 House 241 Calgary Courts Center 特别9号住宅 卡尔加里法院中心 143 LivingHome, Santa Monica 249 Provincetown Art Association and Museum 圣塔莫尼卡居住之家 普罗温斯敦艺术协会和博物馆 149 Omega Center for Sustainable Living 257 UT School of Nursing and Student Center 欧米茄可持续生活中心 得克萨斯大学护理学院和学生中心 155 Government Canyon Visitor Centre 263 Hong Kong Polytechnic University – Hong Kong 大峡谷游客中心 Community College 香港专上学院 159 World Birding Centre Headquarters 世界鸟类中心总部 163 Jewish Reconstructionist Congregation 犹太重建派教会堂 269 Index 索引 169 James/Swenson Civil Engineering Building 詹姆斯/斯文森土木工程楼 175 Pocono Environmental Education Center 波科纳环境教育中心 179 Cesar Chavez Library 凯撒·查韦斯图书馆 183 University of California Santa Barbara Student Resource Building 加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校学生资源楼 193 University of Arizona Recreation Center Expansion 亚利桑那大学休闲娱乐中心扩建工程 201 TWA Corporate Headquarters TWA公司总部 207 Westcave Preserve Environmental Learning Center 维斯特加吾自然保护区环境学习中心 213 Henderson Community Center 亨德森社区中心 219 Immaculate Heart of Mary Motherhouse 圣母无玷之心修道院  阿卜杜拉国王科技大学 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Location: Saudi Arabia Designer: HOK Photographer: Jean Picoulet Completion date: 2009 Site area: The project team integrated a series of innovative strategies to create a low- 6,500,000 square feet energy, highly sustainable project in the context of an extremely hot, humid 项目地点：沙特阿拉伯 设计师：HOK 摄影师：让·皮库利特 完成时间：2009年 占地面积：6,500,000平方英尺 climate. They employed five strategies that borrow from local culture and （603,870平方米） traditions to solve environmental issues. Structurally like traditional Arabic cities, the campus is compressed as much as possible to minimise the amount of exterior envelope exposed to the sun and to reduce outdoor walking distances. As found in a traditional souk or Arabic market, shaded and passively cooled circulation thoroughfares are characterised by dramatic light and social spaces. The Arabic Bedouin tent 1 2 inspired designers to create a monumental roof system that spans across 1 8 building masses to block sun on building façades and into the pedestrian spine, to facilitate natural ventilation and to filter light. Solar panels covering 7 the surface capture the sun's energy. Passive ventilation strategies of the 3 5 traditional Arabic house influenced the design of iconic, solar-powered wind 5 3 5 towers that harness energy from the sun and wind to passively create air flow 4 in pedestrian walkways. Similar to Arabic screening called “mashrabiya”, the campus shades windows and skylights with an integral shading system that 6 reduces heat loads while creating dramatic dappled light. 项目团队整合了一系列的创新策略，在极度炎热和潮湿的气候环境下，完成了一个低耗能而高持续性的项 3 目。团队共采用了五项策略，其中借鉴了当地的文化和传统，解决面对的环境问题。 设计借鉴传统阿拉伯城市的建构原则，把校园面积尽量压缩，且尽可能减少外墙暴露在阳光下，并减少户 Integral Shading High Performance Passively Cooled Filtered Daylight Solar Tower 整体遮阳 Roof Courtyards 经过过滤的阳光 太阳能塔 外行走的距离。设计仿照传统露天市场或阿拉伯市场的特色，以丰饶的光源和公共空间，把有盖和间接送 高性能屋顶 被动制冷庭院 爽的回廊通道显得更具特色。设计师从阿拉伯贝都因人所用的帐篷取得灵感，创造一个标志性的的屋顶系 统，横盖建筑楼宇，阻挡阳光从建筑物外墙渗透进去及渗入主要人行走道，促进自然通风和过滤光线。覆 盖楼宇表面的太阳能电池板同时又吸取太阳的能量。传统阿拉伯房子的间接通风对策决定了标志性太阳能 风塔的设计，使之充分利用太阳和风力能源，间接为人行走道增加空气流动。与阿拉伯式屏幕mashrabiya 的功能相似，校园以完整的遮阳系统遮蔽窗户和天窗，从而降低热负荷，并同时营造显着斑驳的光纹。 Award name: 2010 AIA/COTE Top Ten Green Project Award-winning reason: By integrating sustainable measures into the site planning, community, building design and campus operations, the university is demonstrating new ways to 1. High performance roof 1. 高性能屋顶 2. Solar tower 2. 太阳能塔 build in the region and promoting responsible stewardship of the environment. 3. Passive ventilation 3. 被动式通风 Materials: 4. High performance glazing 4. 高性能玻璃幕墙 Passive Ventilation 5. Integrated shading 5. 一体式遮阳系统 Pedestrian spine is cooled by draft created by Solar Tower; 6. Local evaporation 6. 本地蒸发型降温 Openings into spine are oriented so as to draw fresh air from sea, and also to 7. Passively cooled courtyards 7. 被动式制冷庭院 8. 滤光系统 allow in predominant westerly breezes; 8. Filtered daylight Air Handlers in mechanical penthouses draw fresh air from the courtyards along the spine, augmenting draft created by the Solar Tower. Local Evaporative Cooling For use under exceptionally hot weather, areas of targeting cooling along pedestrian spine are provided. Recycled Condensate Spine is supplied with condensate from chiller equipment. High Performance Glazing Insulated glass curtainwall   Integrated Shading All glazing that is exposed to direct sun, is fully shaded by means of a custom- designed terracotta baguette system. 奖项名称： 2010年美国建筑师协会/环境委员会十佳绿色项目 17 获奖原因： 通设新过建将筑可和持提续升策环略境融的入管场理地责设任计提、供社了区新、方建法筑。设计和校园运作之中，阿卜杜拉国王科技大学为在该地区建 14 21 16 18 材料： 5 21 15 被动式通风 4 人行走道由太阳塔产生的通风来冷却； 5 13 朝机向械人阁行楼走的道空的气门处窗理从器海从洋庭吸院取抽新取鲜新空鲜气空，气也，让增盛强行了西太风阳进塔入产建生筑的内风部。； 4 12 8 17 蒸发型降温 9 20 为了应对异常炎热的气候，设计师在人行走道提供了目标冷却系统。 1 6 循环冷凝降温 3 18 人行走道两侧具有冷却设备提供了冷凝物。 10 1 7 隔热玻璃幕墙 19 3 21 幕墙采用中空玻璃 11 2 一体式遮阳系统 所有暴露在太阳直射下的玻璃幕墙都处在由定制的条形陶土板构成的遮阳系统之下。 1. Applied Mathematics 13. Administration Building 1. 应用数学厅 14. 学生中心 2-5. Research Laboratory 14. Student Centre 2-5. 研究实验室 15. 会议中心 6. Greenhouse 15. Conference Centre 6. 温室 16. 礼堂 7. High Bay Laboratory 16. Auditorium 7. 高顶实验室 17. 南北车库 8. Engineering Sciences Hall 17. North & South Garage 8. 工程科学厅 18. 太阳能塔 9. KAUST Library 18. Solar Towers 9. KAUST图书馆 19. 海洋球场 10. KAUST Commons & Dining Hall 19. Sea Court 10. KAUST大厅和餐厅 20. 中心广场 11. 数据中心 21. 未来高顶 11. Data Centre 20. Main Quad 12. 校园清真寺 试验工场 12. Campus Mosque 21. Future High Bay Pilot Plant 13. 行政楼