GREAT P A I N T I N G S P A I N T I N G S contents The Garden of Earthly Delights 44 Hieronymus Bosch The Great Piece of Turf 48 Albrecht Dürer Looking at Paintings 6 Mona Lisa 50 Leonardo da Vinci David with the 88 The Qingming Scroll 10 The School of Athens 54 Head of Goliath Zhang Zeduan Raphael Caravaggio The Lamentation of Christ 14 Sistine Chapel Ceiling 58 The Judgement of Paris 90 Giotto di Bondone Michelangelo Peter Paul Rubens The Madonna Enthroned 18 Bacchus and Ariadne 62 Charles I on Horseback 94 Duccio di Buoninsegna Titian Anthony van Dyck 1100–1500 1500–1600 1600–1700 The Annunciation 22 The Ambassadors 66 Self-portrait as “La Pittura” 96 Fra Angelico Hans Holbein Artemisia Gentileschi The Arnolfini Portrait 26 Spring Morning in the Han Palace 70 Las Meninas 98 Jan van Dyck Qiu Ying Diego Velázquez The Baptism of Christ 30 Netherlandish Proverbs 74 Self-portrait 102 Piero della Francesca Pieter Bruegel The Elder Rembrandt van Rijn The Hunt in the Forest 34 Spring 78 The Art of Painting 106 Paolo Uccello Giuseppe Arcimboldo Johannes Vermeer The Birth of Venus 38 Cypress Tree 80 Sandro Botticelli Kano Eitoku Akbar's Adventures with the 84 Elephant Hawa’i in 1561 Basawan and Chetar DK INDIA First American Edition, 2011 Published in the United States by DK Publishing, Managing Art Editor Ashita Murgai 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014 LONDON, NEW YORK, MUNICH, Managing Editor Saloni Talwar 11 12 13 14 15 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 MELBOURNE, DELHI Project Art Editor Rajnish Kashyap 001—177857—October/2011 Senior Editor Angela Wilkes Project Editor Garima Sharma Copyright © 2011 Dorling Kindersley Limited Senior Art Editor Michael Duffy Senior Art Editor Anchal Kaushal All rights reserved. Editors Anna Kruger, Hugo Wilkinson Assistant Designer Diya Kapur Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved Production Editor Tony Phipps Production Manager Pankaj Sharma above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, Production Controller Mandy Inness DTP Manager Balwant Singh stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or Picture Research Sarah Smithies transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, Managing Editor Stephanie Farrow DTP Designers Shanker Prasad mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) Managing Art Editor Lee Griffiths Mohamad Usman without the prior written permission of both the US Editors Shannon Beatty, Rachel Bozek Managing Director Aparna Sharma copyright owner and the above publisher of this book. Lake Keitele 192 Akseli Gallen-Kallela The Large Bathers 194 Paul Cézanne The Kiss 198 Gustav Klimt Composition VII 202 Wassily Kandinsky The Valpinçon Bather 138 Jean-Auguste Dominique Ingres Berlin Street Scene 206 Ernst Ludwig Kirchner The Third of May 1808 142 Francisco de Goya Northern River 208 Tom Thomson Wanderer Above 146 the Sea of Fog Red Balloon 210 Caspar David Friedrich Paul Klee The Hay Wain 148 Red Canna 212 John Constable Georgia O'Keeffe Still Life with Flowers and Fruit 112 Jan van Huysum The Fighting Temeraire 152 The Metamorphosis of Narcissus 214 J. M. W. Turner Salvador Dalí Marriage à-la-Mode: 116 the Marriage Settlement The Artist's Studio 156 Guernica 218 William Hogarth Gustave Courbet Pablo Picasso Mr. and Mrs. Andrews 120 Olympia 160 Nighthawks 222 Thomas Gainsborough Édouard Manet Edward Hopper 1700–1800 1800–1900 1900 to present Allegory of the Planets 124 Arrangement in Grey 164 Without Hope 226 and Continents and Black, No. 1 Frida Kahlo Giambattista Tiepolo James McNeill Whistler Red Interior, Still Life on a Blue Table 230 An Experiment on a Bird 128 The Dancing Class 168 Henri Matisse in the Air Pump Edgar Degas Autumn Rhythm (Number 30) 234 Joseph Wright of Derby A Sunday on La Grande Jatte 172 Jackson Pollock The Death of Marat 132 Georges Seurat Untitled 238 Jacques-Louis David Van Gogh’s Chair 176 Mark Rothko Vincent van Gogh Marilyn 240 The Child's Bath 180 Andy Warhol Mary Cassatt To a Summer's Day 242 Where Do We Come From? 182 Bridget Riley What Are We? The Dance 244 Where Are We Going? Paula Rego Paul Gauguin Athanor 246 The Waterlily Pond 186 Anselm Kiefer Claude Monet Glossary 248 Index 250 Acknowledgments 255 Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited. CONTRIBUTORS A catalog record for this book is available from the Karen Hosack Janes Library of Congress. Arts and culture educationalist, who teaches History of Art at Oxford University Department for ISBN 978-0-7566-8675-8 Continuing Education. Formerly Head of Schools at the National Gallery, London and now an advisor to several arts and education projects. Has written two series of art books for children, as well as DK books are available at special discounts when articles for the Times Educational Supplement. purchased in bulk for sales promotions, premiums, fund- Ian Chilvers raising, or educational use. For details, contact DK Writer and editor, whose books include The Oxford Dictionary of Art, A Dictionary Publishing Special Markets, 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014 or [email protected] of Twentieth-Century Art, and The Artist Revealed: Artists and their Self-Portraits. Chief consultant on Art: the Definitive Visual Guide. Printed and bound in Singapore by Ian Zaczek Star Standard Industries Writer, whose books include The Collins Big Book of Art, Masterworks, Art: the Definitive Discover more at www.dk.com Visual Guide, and The Story of Art. 7 LOOKING AT PAINTINGS Looking at Paintings Great paintings come in many guises. The smallest could be held in one hand, while the largest extend magnificently across the vast ceilings of palaces and chapels. Paintings vary just as much in other respects too, ranging from microscopic depictions of the natural world to bold, swirling abstracts, and from beguiling, intimate portraits to interpretations of key moments in history, myth, or literature. The 66 paintings in this book span many centuries and they represent a huge wealth of human experience. Some tell stories, some transport you to faraway places, and some celebrate beauty; others are scenes of almost unbearable horror. Each painting, however, is unique. Looking at any painting is a personal experience, but one that benefits from broader knowledge—the more you know about works of art, the closer you look at them, and the more you see and enjoy. Like a helpful guide standing next to you in a gallery, museum, or church, this book will help you to look at each painting with fresh eyes and expert knowledge: you will find out about each painting’s background, its historical context, and the artist who created it. You will also learn about the techniques of the world’s greatest painters— how they have used color, perspective, light, and shade to capture a likeness or a moment in time, and to convey the feelings that it inspired. Perhaps more importantly, this book will lead you through the key details of each painting, elements you may barely notice at first—a tiny reflection in a mirror, a crescent moon high in the sky, a slipper dangling carelessly on a foot—that help to reveal what a painting is really about. Great paintings often have hidden levels of meaning, but once you start to unravel the clues, everything begins to make sense. Finding your way into a great painting is like setting off on a voyage of discovery—endlessly fascinating and deeply rewarding.