Abnormal operating General Environmental conditions that are unfavorable, conditions harmful, or detrimental to or for the operation of a crane, such as excessively high or low ambient temperatures, exposure to adverse weather, corrosive fumes, dust-laden or moisture-laden atmospheres, and hazardous locations. (ASME B30.2-1990) Access platform Overhead A limited length platform, located on the idler Crane girder to access to the endtruck wheels only. Adjustable or variable Bridge A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the voltage Crane motor supply voltage can be adjusted. (CMAA Control Spec. 70) Administrative or Regulatory Governmental agency or, in the absence of regulatory authority governmental jurisdiction, the employer. (ASME B30.2-1990) Ambient temperature General The temperature of the atmosphere surrounding the hoist. (ASME HST-4M-1991) Ampacity Bridge The current carrying capacity expressed in Crane amperes. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Bridge Crane Electrical Appointed Regulatory Assigned specific responsibilities by the employer or the employer’s representative. (ASME B30-17) Authorized Regulatory Appointed by a duly constituted administrative or regulatory authority. (ASME B30-17) Automatic crane Overhead A crane which when activated operates through Crane a preset cycle or cycles. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Automatic dispatch Monorail A carrier which when activated operates through carrier a preset cycle or cycles. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Auxiliary hoist Hoist A supplemental hoisting unit, usually designed to handle lighter loads at a higher sped than the main host. (CMAA Spec. 70) Axle, fixed Drive A shaft which is fixed in the end truck and about which the wheel revolves. (WCH) Axle, rotating Drive A shaft which is fixed in the wheel and which rotates on bearings fixed in the end truck. (WCH) B-10 bearing life General The B-lO bearing life of an anti-friction bearing is the minimum expected life, in hours, of 9O~7o of a group of bearings which are operated at a given speed and loading. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Base or deck mounted Hoist A type of mounting where the hoist is mounted to (hoist) the top side of a horizontal supporting surface. (ASME HST-4M-1991) Battery system Below Batteries used to guard against inadvertent load (backup) Hook release due to loss of primary power to magnet Device system. (ASME B30.20-1985) Beam Overhead An overhead standard structural or specially Crane & fabricated shape on which the trolley operates. Hoist (ASME HST-4M-1991) Bearing life General The L-10 life of an anti-friction bearing is the minimum expected life, hours, of 90 percent of a group of bearings which are operating-at a given speed and loading. The average expected life of the bearings is approximately five times the L-10 life. (CMAA Spec. 70) Bearing, lifetime General An antifriction bearing which is provided with lubricated seals and a high-stability oxidation-resistant grease to permit operation of the bearing without re-lubrication for not less than the specified B-10 life. Below the hook device BHN General Brinell hardness number, measurement of material hardness. (CMAA Spec. 70) Block, load Hoist The assembly of hook, swivel, bearings, sheaves, pins and frame suspended from the hoisting ropes. In a “short type” block, the hook and the sheaves are mounted on the same member, called the swivel. In a “long type” block, the hook and the sheaves are mounted on separate members. (The supporting member for the sheaves is called the sheave pin and the supporting member for the hook is called the trunnion. (WCH) Block, upper Hoist A fixed assembly of sheaves, bearings, pins and frame, located on the trolley cross members, and which supports the load block and its load by means of the ropes. (WCH) Bogie Overhead A short end truck attached to the end of one Crane girder (or to a connecting member if more than one bogie is used per girder). This type of end truck is used when more than four wheels are required on a crane due to the design of the runway. (WCH) Bogie, equalizing Hoist A short end truck which is flexibly connected to one girder (or connecting member) by means of a pin upon which the truck can oscillate to equalize the loading on the two truck wheels. This construction uses a very rigid end tie between the girders. (WCH) Bogie, fixed Overhead A short end truck which is rigidly connected to Crane one girder. A flexible end tie is used between the girders to permit equalization of the wheel loads by torsional deflection of the girders and flexing of the end tie. (WCH) Boom (of gantry Overhead An extension of the trolley runway that may be cranes) Crane raised or retracted to obtain clearance for gantry travel. (ASME B30.2-1990) Boom (of overhead Overhead A horizontal member mounted on the trolley to cranes) Crane permit hoisting and lowering the load at a point other than directly under the hoist drum or trolley. (ASME B30.2-1990) Box section Overhead The rectangular cross section of girders, trucks Crane or other members enclosed on four sides. (CMAA Spec. 70) Brake Overhead A device, other than a motor, used for retarding Crane & or stopping motion by friction or power means. Hoist (CMAA Spec. 70) Brake, Bridge Crane Overhead A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by Control Crane & removing energy from the moving body or by Hoist imparting energy in the opposite direction. (ASME B30-16-1993) Brake, countertorque Hoist A method of Bridge Crane Control by which the (plugging) power to the motor is reversed to develop torque in the direction opposite to the rotation of the motor using the motor as a generator, with the energy being dissipated by resistance. (ASME B30-16-1993) Brake, drag Overhead A friction brake that provides a continuous Crane & retarding force having no external Bridge Crane Hoist Control. (ASME B30-17) Brake, dynamic Hoist A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by block, load the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel. bearing, sheaves, sprockets. pins, and frame suspended by the hoisting rope or load chain. This shall include any appurtenances reeved in the hoisting rope or load chain. (ASME B30-16-1993) Brake, eddy current Overhead A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or Crane & reducing speed by means of an Bridge Crane Hoist Electrical induction load brake. (ASME B30-17) Brake, emergency Overhead A method of decelerating a drive when power is Crane not available. The braking effort may be established as a result of action by the operator, or automatically when power to the drive is interrupted.(ASME B30-17) Brake, holding Overhead A friction brake for a hoist that is automatically Crane & applied and prevents motion when power to the Hoist brake is off. (ASME B30.2-1990) Brake, hydraulic Overhead A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or Crane reducing speed by means of displacement of a liquid. (ASME B30-17) Brake, mechanical Overhead A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or reduc- Crane & ing speed by friction. (ASME B30-17) Hoist Brake, mechanical load Hoist An automatic type of friction brake used for Bridge Crane Controlling loads in a lowering direction. This unidirectional device requires torque from the motor or hand chain wheel to lower a load but does not impose any additional load on the motor or hand chain wheel when lifting a load. (ASME B30-16-1993) Brake, parking Overhead A brake for bridge and trolley that may be Crane automatically or manually applied to impede horizontal motion by restraining wheel rotation. (ASME B30-17) Brake, pneumatic Overhead A method of Bridge Crane Controlling or pow- Crane ering a drive or brake by means of compressed gas. (ASME B30-17) Brake, regenerative Hoist A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed in which the electrical energy generated by the motor is fed back into the power system. (ASME B30-17) Brake, service Overhead A brake for bridge or trolley used by the operator, Crane during normal operation, to apply a retarding force. (ASME B30.2-1990) Branch circuit Bridge The circuit conductors between the final Crane overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the Control outlet(s). (CMAA Spec. 70) Breakaway force Below The external force that is required to separate Hook the vacuum pad or vacuum lifting device from the Device load when applied perpendicular to the attachment surface. (ASME B30.20-1985) Bridge Overhead That part of an overhead crane consisting of Crane girders, trucks, end ties, walkway and drive mechanism which carries the trolley and travels in a direction parallel to the runway. (CMAA Spec. 70) Bridge (crane) travel Overhead Crane movement in a direction parallel to the Crane crane runway. (ASME B30.11-1993) Bridge conductors Overhead The electrical conductors located along the Crane bridge structure of a crane to provide power to the trolley. (CMAA Spec. 70) Bridge crane, top Overhead running Crane Bridge Crane, Under Overhead running Crane Bridge girder (crane Overhead Crane member on which carriers or trolleys girder) Crane travel, horizontally mounted between and supported by the end trucks. Building Structure. The structural members of a building which support the building loads and on which the loads of crane or monorail equipment, and the material to be moved, will be imposed. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Bridge rail Overhead The rail supported by the bridge girders on which Crane the trolley travels. (CMAA Spec. 70) Bridge travel Overhead The crane movement in a direction parallel to the Crane crane runway. (ASME B30.2-1990) Bumper (buffer) Overhead An energy absorbing device for reducing impact Crane when a moving crane or trolley reaches the end of its permitted travel, or when two moving cranes or trolleys come into contact. (CMAA Spec. 70) Cab Overhead The operator’s compartment on a crane. (ASME Crane B30-17) Cab Bridge Crane Equipment Bridge Crane Controlled from an Controlled operator’s cab. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Cab, normal Overhead Operator’s compartment used for Bridge Crane Crane Controlling a cab-operated crane. (ASME B30.2- 1990) Cab, skeleton Overhead Operator’s compartment used for occasional cab Crane operation of, normally, a floor- or remote- operated crane or carrier. (ASME B30.11-1993) Cab-operated crane Overhead A crane Bridge Crane Controlled by an operator Crane in a cab located on the bridge or trolley. (CMAA Spec. 70) Camber Overhead The slight upward vertical curve given to girders Crane to compensate partially for deflection due to hook load and weight of the Crane. (CMAA Spec. 70) Cantilever frame Overhead A structural member that supports the trolley of a Crane wall crane. (ASME B30.2-1990) Capacity General The maximum rated load (in tons) which a cranes designed. to handle. (CMAA Spec. 70) Carrier (also known as Hoist A unit that travels on the bottom flange of a trolley) monorail track, jib boom, or bridge girder to transport a load. (ASME B30.11-1993) Carrier (trolley) Overhead An assembly with wheels which will run on Crane & monorail track or crane girders and which will Hoist support a load. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Carrier head Overhead A 2-wheel assembly used with load bars to form Crane & a carrier or end truck. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Hoist Ceiling mounted Hoist A type of hoist mounting where the hoist is mounted to the underside of a horizontal supporting surface. (ASME HST-4M-1991) Chain, hand Hoist The chain grasped by the operator to apply force required for lifting, lowering, or traveling motions. (ASME B30-17) Chain, load Hoist The load-bearing chain in a hoist. (ASME B30- 17) Chain, roller Hoist A series of alternately assembled roller links and pin links in which the pins articulate inside the bushings and the rollers are free to turn on the bushings. Pins and bushings are press fit in their respective link plates. . (ASME B30-16-1993) Chain, welded link Hoist A chain consisting of a series of interwoven links fanned and welded. (ASME B30-16-1993) Circuit breaker Bridge A device to open and close a circuit by non- Crane automatic means, and to open the circuit Electrical automatically on a predetermined overload of current, without injury to itself when properly applied within its rating. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Clamp Monorail A type of suspension fitting used to support tracks from an overhead structure fastened to the structure by means of pressure rather than welding or direct bolting. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Clearance General Minimum distance from the extremity of a crane to the nearest obstruction. (CMAA Spec. 70) CMAA Overhead Crane Manufacturers Association of America, Crane Inc. (formerly EQOI—Electric Overhead Crane Institute). (CMAA Spec. 70) Cold current Below The current drawn by the magnet when its coil is hook at 680F (200C) and at rated voltage. (ASME device B30.20-1985) Cold current Below That current drawn by the magnet when its coil is hook at 680F (200C) and at rated voltage. (ASME device B30.20-1985) Collector, shoe Bridge The portion of a collector which makes contact Crane by sliding on the conductor bar. (ANSI MH 27.1- Electrical 1981) Collector, wheel Bridge The portion of a collector which makes contact Crane by rolling on the conductor bar. (ANSI MH 27.1- Electrical 1981) Collectors Bridge Contacting devices for collecting current from the Crane runway or bridge conductors. The mainline Electrical collectors are mounted on the bridge to transmit current from the runway conductors, and the trolley collectors are mounted on the trolley to transmit current from the bridge conductors. (CMAA Spec. 70) Collectors Bridge Electrical contacting devices providing a path for Crane current flow from stationary conductors to Electrical moving equipment. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Collectors, current Bridge Contacting devices for collecting current from Crane runway or bridge conductors. (ASME B30.2- Electrical 1990) Conductors, bridge Overhead The electrical conductors located along the Crane bridge girder(s) to provide power and Bridge Crane Control circuits to the trolley. (Sometimes incorrectly called trolley conductors). (WCH) Conductors, enclosed Bridge A bar used to transmit an electrical current, Crane enclosed in a non-conducting material to Electrical minimize accidental contact with the conductor. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Conductors, open Bridge A bar used to transmit an electrical current. Crane (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Electrical Conductors, runway Bridge The electrical conductors located along a crane (main) Crane runway that transmit Bridge Crane Control Electrical signals and power to the crane. (ASME B30-17) Contactor Bridge An electromechanical device for opening and Crane closing an electric power circuit. (ASME HST- Electrical 4M-1991) Contactor, magnetic Bridge An electro-magnetic device for opening and Crane closing an electric power circuit. (CMAA Spec. Control 70) Bridge Crane Control Bridge A manual means at the operating station by actuator Crane which hoist Bridge Crane Controls are Electrical energized. (ASME HST-4M-1991) Bridge Crane Control Overhead A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by braking means Crane & removing energy from the moving body or by Hoist imparting energy in the opposite direction. (ASME HST-4M-1991) Bridge Crane Control Bridge The housing containing the electrical Bridge enclosure Crane Crane Control component. (ASME HST-4M- Electrical 1991) Bridge Crane Control Bridge See Bridge Crane Control enclosure. panel Crane Electrical Bridge Crane Control Bridge The voltage impressed on the Bridge Crane voltage. Crane Control devices. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Electrical Bridge Crane Control, Bridge A drive Bridge Crane Control system providing multi-speed Crane more than one speed operation in either direction Electrical using multi-speed squirrel cage. motors. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Bridge Crane Control, Bridge A drive Bridge Crane Control system providing single speed Crane one speed operation in either direction. (ANSI Electrical MH 27.1-1981) Bridge Crane Control, Bridge A drive Bridge Crane Control system providing variable speed Crane more than one speed operation in either direction Electrical using wound-rotor motors. Bridge Crane Controller Bridge A device for regulating in a pre-determined way Crane the power delivered to the motor or other Control equipment. (CMAA Spec. 70) Bridge Crane Bridge A Bridge Crane Controller having all of its basic Controller, manual Crane functions performed by devices which are Control operated by hand. (ASME B30-17) Bridge Crane Bridge A Bridge Crane Controller that, when released, Controller, spring return Crane will return automatically to a neutral (off) Control positioning, static, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) that governs the flow of power to or from a motor or other equipment in response to signals from a master switch, push-button station, remote Bridge Crane Control, automatic program Bridge Crane Control, or other similar device. (ASME B30.2-1990) Countertorque Bridge A method of Bridge Crane Controlling speed by Crane applying a variable motor torque in the direction Control opposite to the direction that the motor is rotating due to being overhauled by the load. (ASME HST-4M-1991) Couplings (splices) Mechanical devices used to join the adjacent ends of track sections. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Cover plate Overhead The top or bottom plate of a box girder. (CMAA Crane Spec. 70) Crane A machine for lifting, lowering, and moving a load with the hoisting mechanism a part of the machine. Cranes may be traveling, portable, or fixed type. Traveling Cranes. Cranes that follow a fixed path Underhung Crane. A traveling crane with a movable bridge running on the lower flanges of an overhead fixed runway structure and carrying a movable or fixed hoisting mechanism. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Crane girder Bridge See Bridge Girder. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Crane Crane service, heavy Bridge Service that involves operating at 85 to 100% of Crane rated load or in excess of 10 lift cycles/hr as a regular specified procedure. (ASME B30.2- 1990) Crane service, normal Bridge Service that involves operating at less than 85% Crane of rated load and not more than 10 lift cycles/hr except for isolated instances. (ASME B30.2- 1990) Crane service, normal Bridge That service which involves operation with Crane randomly distributed loads within the rated load limit, or with uniform loads of less than 65% of the rated load, for no more than 15% of the time of a single work shift for manually operated cranes and 25% of the time of a single work shift for electrically or pneumatically powered cranes. (ASME B30-17) Crane service, severe Bridge Service that involves normal or heavy service Crane with abnormal operating conditions. (ASME B30.2-1990) Crane, automatic Bridge A crane which when activated operates through Crane a preset cycle or cycles. (ASME B30-17) Crane, cab-operated Bridge A crane Bridge Crane Controlled by an operator Crane in a cab attached to the bridge or trolley (refer to Fig. 1). (ASME B30-17) Crane, cantilever Bridge A gantry or semigantry crane in which the bridge gantry Crane girders or trusses extend transversely beyond the crane runway on one or both sides (refer to Fig. 2). (ASME B30-17) Crane, floor-operated Bridge A crane that is Bridge Crane Controlled by a Crane means suspended from the crane, operated by a person on the floor or on an independent platform (refer to Fig. 3) (ASME B30-17) Crane, gantry Bridge A crane similar to an overhead crane, except that Crane the bridge for carrying the trolley or trolleys is rigidly supported on two or more legs running on fixed rails or other runway (refer to Fig. 4). (ASME B30-17) Crane, hot molten Bridge An overhead crane used for transporting or material-handling Crane pouring molten material. (ASME B30-17) Crane, manually Bridge A crane whose hoist mechanism is driven by operated Crane pulling an endless chain, or whose travel mechanism is driven in the same manner or by manually moving the load or hook. (ASME B30.2-1990) Crane, outdoor storage Bridge A gantry-type crane of long span usually used for gantry Crane storage of bulk material such as ore, coal, or other similar items; the bridge girders or trusses are rigidly or nonrigidly supported on one or more legs. It may have one or more fixed or hinged cantilever ends. . (ASME B30.2-1990) Crane, overhead Bridge A crane with a single or multiple girder movable Crane bridge crane a movable or fixed hoisting mechanism and traveling on an overhead fixed runway structure. (ASME B30.2-1990) Crane, polar Bridge An overhead or gantry crane that travels on a Crane circular runway. (ASME B30.2-1990) Crane, pulpit-operated Bridge A crane operated from a fixed operator station Crane not attached to the crane. (ASME B30-17) Crane, remote- Bridge A crane Bridge Crane Controlled by an operator operated Crane who is not in a pulpit or in a cab attached to the crane, by any method other than a means suspended from the crane. (ASME B30-17) Crane, semi-gantry Bridge A gantry with one end of the bridge rigidly Crane supported on one or more legs that run on a fixed rail or runway, the other end of the bridge being supported by an end truck running on an elevated rail or runway. (ASME B30.2-1990) Crane, single-girder Bridge A crane having one bridge girder mounted Crane between, and supported from, the end trucks. (ASME B30.11-1993) Crane, standby Bridge A crane which is not in regular service but which Crane is used occasionally or intermittently as required. (ASME B30-17) Crane, wall Bridge A crane having a cantilever frame with or without Crane trolley, and supported from a side wall or line of columns of a building. It is a traveling type and operates on a runway attached to the side wall or columns. (ASME B30.2-1990) Cranes, fixed Bridge Cranes which are non-mobile. Derricks and jib Crane cranes are classified as fixed cranes. (ANSI MH 27.1-1981) Cranes, portable Bridge Cranes having a revolving superstructure with Crane power plant, operating machinery and boom mounted on a fully mobile carriage not confined to a fixed path. Crawler, locomotive and truck cranes are classified as portable cranes. Creep speed Bridge A very slow, constant, continuous, fixed rate of Crane motion of the hoist, trolley, or bridge: usually