Globalizing Afghanistan American Encounters/Global Interactions A series edited by Gilbert M. Joseph and Emily S. Rosenberg GLOBALIZING AFGHANISTAN Terrorism, War, and the Rhetoric of Nation Building Edited by Zubeda Jalalzai & David Jefferess Duke University Press Durham & London 2011 ∫ 2011 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper $ Designed by Jennifer Hill Typeset in Arno Pro and Chestnut by Keystone Typesetting, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. For my parents Abdur Raheem & Amina Jalalzai —zj American Encounters/Global Interactions A series edited by Gilbert M. Joseph and Emily S. Rosenberg This series aims to stimulate critical perspectives and fresh interpretive frameworks for scholarship on the history of the imposing global presence of the United States. Its primary concerns include the deployment and contestation of power, the construction and deconstruction of cultural and politi- cal borders, the fluid meanings of intercultural encounters, and the complex interplay between the global and the local. American Encounters seeks to strengthen dialogue and col- laboration between historians of U.S. international relations and area studies specialists. The series encourages scholarship based on multiarchival historical research. At the same time, it supports a recogni- tion of the representational character of all stories about the past and promotes critical inquiry into issues of subjectivity and narrative. In the process, American Encounters strives to understand the context in which meanings related to nations, cultures, and political economy are continually produced, challenged, and reshaped. Contents E Acknowledgments ix Introduction: Globalizing Afghanistan Zubeda Jalalzai & David Jefferess 1 It’s the Opium, Stupid Afghanistan, Globalization, and Drugs Nigel C. Gibson 31 Afghanistan in a Globalized World A Longer View Rodney J. Steward 51 The ‘‘Afghan Beat’’ Pukhtoon Journalism and the Afghan War Altaf Ullah Khan 79 viii Contents Veiled Motives Women’s Liberation and the War in Afghanistan Gwen Bergner 95 Transnational Feminism and the Women’s Rights Agenda in Afghanistan Maliha Chishti & Cheshmak Farhoumand-Sims 117 Global Frames on Afghanistan The Iranian Mediation of Afghanistan in International Art House Cinema after September 11, 2001 Kamran Rastegar 145 Conclusion: The Current Amazement Afghanistan, Terror, and Theory Imre Szeman 165 Bibliography 187 Contributors 201 Index 205 Acknowledgments E We first conceptualized Globalizing Afghanistan in 2002 as the theme for Rhode Island College’s October Series, an annual art, film, and lecture se- ries of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. We would like to thank all of those who helped to bring issues of globalization and Afghanistan to the fore at that critical historical moment. For this opportunity I thank Rhode Island College and in particular the Rhode Island College Foundation, the School of Arts and Sciences, the College Lectures Committee, the Committee on General Education, the Bannister Gallery, the Artists’ Co-op, the Depart- ments of Anthropology, Art, English, History, Political Science, and Sociol- ogy, and the Film Studies Program for financial as well as creative support. I thank my colleagues Paola Ferrario, Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban, Richard Lob- ban, Spencer Hall, Claus Hofhansel, Donna Kelly, Laura Khoury, Marlene Lopes, Eung-Jun Min, Dan Moos, Dennis O’Malley, Katherine Rudolph- Larrea, Robert Shein, Amritjit Singh, Claudia Springer, Bryan Steinberg, and Dave Thomas for helping to bring the series into being. For her administrative support I am greatly indebted to Bernadette Doyle. Most of all I would like to thank the dean of arts and sciences at that time, Richard Weiner, for not only supporting this October Series but for establishing the series in the first place. His tenure as dean did much to encourage faculty