Getting Started with the SAS Power and Sample Size Application The correct bibliographic citation for this manual is as follows: SAS Institute Inc. 2004. Getting Started with the SAS® Power and Sample Size Application. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc. Getting Started with the SAS® Power and Sample Size Application Copyright © 2004, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA ISBN 1-59047-362-0 All rights reserved. Produced in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, SAS Institute Inc. U.S. Government Restricted Rights Notice: Use, duplication, or disclosure of this software and related documentation by the U.S. government is subject to the Agreement with SAS Institute and the restrictions set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights (June 1987). SAS Institute Inc., SAS Campus Drive, Cary, North Carolina 27513. 1st printing, January 2004 SAS Publishing provides a complete selection of books and electronic products to help customers use SAS software to its fullest potential. For more information about our e-books, e-learning products, CDs, and hard-copy books, visit the SAS Publishing Web site at support.sas.com/pubs or call 1-800-727-3228. SAS® and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries. ® indicates USA registration. Other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective companies. Contents Chapter1.Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter2.AQuickStart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Chapter3.HowtoUsePSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Chapter4.Two-SampletTest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Chapter5.AnalysisofVariance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Chapter6.Two-SampleSurvivalRankTests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 AppendixA.WebApplications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 iv Acknowledgments Credits Documentation Writing WayneWatson Editing VirginiaClark,MauraStokes ProductionSupport TimArnold,KirstenDoehler CoverDesign CreativeSolutionsDivision Software Design Todd Barlow, John Castelloe, Julie LaBarr, Jeff Sun,WayneWatson Development JeffSun,WayneWatson Installation MerriJensen,SusannaWallenberger Testing Sumita Biswas, Kirsten Doehler, Chris Schroter, JeffSun,MarkTraccarella,F.GabrielYounan vi (cid:7) Acknowledgments Support Group TechnicalSupport CraigDeVault Acknowledgments (cid:7) vii About SAS/STAT Power and Sample Size SAS/STATPowerandSampleSize(PSS)isaWeb-basedinterfacetopower and sample size determination analyses in SAS 9.1. The application is ac- cessedthroughaWebbrowser(MicrosoftInternetExplorer5.0orgreater). Documentation This book describes the features of the SAS/STAT Power and Sample Size application(PSS)andhowtouseittoperformtypicalanalyses, butitisnot intended to teach or describe the statistical methodology that is employed. You can find a description of the statistical techniques used here in the SAS/STAT User’s Guide, in the chapters for the POWER and GLMPOWER procedures. Software Requirements PSS is installed separately from the SAS/STAT product. It is included on the SAS Mid-Tier Components CD. See the installation instructions for the Mid-TierComponentsCDintheinstallationpackage. PSSisavailableinSAS9.1forthefollowingplatforms: MicrosoftWindows NT,2000,andXP;SunSolaris64-bitenabled;HP-UXIPF;andIBM64-bit enabledAIX. Web server software is required that supports Servlet/JSP specification 2.3/1.2 and includes a JAXP 1.4-compatible XML parser. PSS is accessed usingtheMicrosoftInternetExplorerbrowser. Two configurations are available during installation. With the local config- uration, the browser, Web server, and SAS 9.1 must reside on the same ma- chine. Withtheremoteconfiguration,thebrowser,Webserver,andSAS9.1 can reside on different machines, and multiple users can access the applica- tiononasinglemachinethroughthecompany’sintranet. For both configurations, Base SAS, SAS/STAT, and SAS/GRAPH software mustbeinstalled. For the remote configuration, SAS/CONNECT software must also be in- stalled. viii (cid:7) Acknowledgments Using This Book Thefollowingfontconventionsareusedthroughoutthisbook: TextType Element Example boldtext labels Description buttons theOKbutton selectablehypertextlinks theEntermeanslink romantext pagenames theProjectspage monospace text checkboxandradioboxchoices A choice textenteredbytheuser Experimental research Chapter 1 Overview Chapter Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ThePSSApplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5