Archive Document Historic, Do assume not content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. HACCP* United States Generic Department of Agriculture Model Cooked Food Safety for and Inspection Service Sausage HACCP-2 March 994 1 "Hazard Analysis Reserve and Control Critical aTX537 .G46 (HACCP) Point Pt.2 . Introduction HACCP Generic Model for Cooked Sausage Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) is a system ofprocess control. It is designed to prevent the occurrence ofproblems by ensuring that controls are applied atanypointinafoodproduction systemwherehazardousorcritical situationscouldoccur. Hazards could include microbiological, chemical, or physical adulteration of food products. In late May 1993, U.S Department ofAgriculture (USDA) SecretaryMikeEspy directed . USDA's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) to provide him with a plan for HACCP implementing mandatory in the nation's meat and poultry establishments. The Secretary recognized that such a system, which has been under study by FSIS, was a necessary building block ofthe inspection system ofthe future. HACCP In workshops held in 1991 and 1992, five generic models were developed and are being published for public information. The models should be useful for companies developing individualized plans. HACCP The five generic models are: • Refrigerated Foods Cooked Sausage Poultry Slaughter • Fresh Ground Beef • Swine Slaughter Theworkshop for Cooked Sausage washeldin Fort Worth, Texas, from May21-23, 1991 Over 40 technical and subject matter experts from industry and government collaborated inthegenericmodel development. Participantsidentified9 critical controlpoints(CCP's) for cooked sausage, including: receiving, meat preparation, non-meat ingredient com- pounding, pre-blend/formulation/staging (re-work), cooking/smoking, chilling/storage, HACCP peeling, packaging, and storage. This is the generic model for Cooked Sausage. i Information on the other four workshops follows: The workshop for Refrigerated Foods was held in Baltimore, Maryland, from February 26-28, 1991. Over40 technical and subject matterexperts from industry and government collaborated in the generic model development. Participants identified 14 critical control points (CCP's) for refrigerated foods, including: preparation, cooking, chilling, assem- bling components into packages, flushing with gas atmosphere, package inspection, HACCP labeling and code dating, chilling, and storage. This is the generic model for Refrigerated Foods. The workshop for Poultry Slaughter was held in Atlanta, Georgia, from August 27-29, 1991. Over 40 technical and subject matter experts from industry and government collaborated in the generic model development. Participants identified 10 critical control points (CCP's) for poultry slaughter, including: receiving, scalding, venting/opening/ eviscerating, offline procedures, neck and giblet chilling, final wash, carcass chilling, HACCP packaging/labeling, and storage/distribution. This is the generic model for Poultry Slaughter. The workshop for Fresh Ground Beefwas held in Phoenix, Arizona, from December 3- 5, 1991. Over 40 technical and subject matter experts from industry and government collaborated in the generic model development. Participants identified 10 critical control points (CCP's) for fresh ground beef, including: sanitation, receiving, storage, assembly/ pre-weigh/pre-grind (re-work), final grind, packaging/labeling, storage, and shipping. HACCP This is the generic model for Fresh Ground Beef. The workshop for Pork Slaughter (Market Hogs) was held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, from March3 1-April 2, 1992. Over40 technical and subjectmatter experts from industry and government collaborated in the generic model development. Participants identified 10 critical control points (CCP's) for pork slaughter, including: receiving/holding, scalding, dehairing, trimming, neck breaker/head dropping/brisket opening, splitting, trim rail/final rail inspection for trimming, cooler, operational sanitation, and pre-op HACCP sanitation. This is the generic model for Pork Slaughter (Market Hogs). ii PRODUCT CATEGORY DESCRIPTION PRODUCT CATEGORY COOKED SAUSAGE (FRANKFURTER) : WORKSHOP LOCATION WORTH, TX FT. : THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS NEED TO BE ANSWERED WHEN DEVELOPING THE PRODUCT CATEGORY DESCRIPTION: COMMON NAME? FRANKS/HOT DOGS; WEINERS; 1. HOW 2. IS IT TO BE USED? HEAT AND EAT; READY-TO-EAT; TYPE OF PACKAGE? ATMOSPHERIC PACKED, VACUUM 3. PACKED; MODIFIED ATMOSPHERIC PACKED 4. LENGTH OF SHELF LIFE, AT VACUUM PACKED-40 TO 60 DAYS; WHAT TEMPERATURE? MODIFIED ATMOSPHERIC PACKED-30 TO 50 DAYS; ATMOSPHERIC PACKED- TO DAYS AT DEGREES 12 20 40-45 FARENHEIDT 5. WHERE WELL IT BE SOLD? RETAIL; HRI LABELING INSTRUCTIONS? KEEP REFRIGERATED; FULLY- 6. COOKED; CODE-DATE; SPECIAL DISTRIBUTION KEEP REFRIGERATED AT OR BELOW 7. IS CONTROL NEEDED? DEGREES; 40 3 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM PRODUCT CATEGORY COOKED SAUSAGE (FRANKFURTER) • •- WORKSHOP LOCATION • FT. WORTH, TX • RECEIVING RECEIVING RECEIVING CCP 1C MEAT/POULTRY NON-MEAT SUPPLIES INGREDIENTS STORAGE STORAGE STORAGE MEAT PREPARATION CCP NON-MEAT INGREDIENT CCP (TEMPERING, GRINDING, 2P COMPOUNDING 3M C FLAKING, DUMPING, ETC.) PRE-BLEND CCP FORMULATION, 4M,C STAGING WORK) (RE- CHOP AiND/OK J5LLND, EMULSIFY OaTlTUTrTTrTTlTXNT/G"1 SHOWERING COOK/SMOKE CCP 5M CHILL/STORAGE CCP 6M PEEL CCP 7M PACKAGING CCP 8M,C,P STORAGE CCP SHIPPING/DISTRIBUTION LIST PRODUCT CATEGORIES AND INGREDIENTS PRODUCT CATEGORY COOKED SAUSAGE (FRANKFURTER) : WORKSHOP LOCATION WORTH, TX FT. : MEAT AND MEAT NONMEAT FOOD BINDERS/EXTENDERS BYPRODUCTS INGREDIENTS MEAT AND POULTRY SALT NON-FAT DRY MILK RE-WORK SUGAR ISOLATED SOY PROTEIN DEXTROSE CORN SYRUP SPICES/FLAVORINGS RESTRICTED PRESERVATIVES/ INGREDIENTS ACIDIFIERS LIQUID SMOKE SODIUM NITRITE PAPRIKA PHOSPHATE PROTEIN FLAVORS SODIUM ERYTHORBATE MUSTARD SODIUM ASCORBATE SPICE EXTRACTIVES AND CITRIC ACID ONION SODIUM CITRATE GARLIC NATURAL SPICES SODIUM LACTATE OTHER WATER/ICE DRY ICE CARBON DIOXIDE NITROGEN 5 INDUSTRY HACCP WORKSHOP FINISHED PRODUCT/INGREDIENT HAZARD ANALYSIS/RISK ASSIGNMENT PRODUCT CATEGORY COOKED SAUSAGE (FRANKFURTER) : WORKSHOP LOCATION WORTH, TX FT. : PRODUCT HAZARD MICROBIOLOGICAL : HAZARD CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH THE HAZARD R FINISHED PRODUCT AND ITS INGREDIENTS. CHARACTERISTICS I "+" = A HAZARD EXISTS c A B c D E F "0" = NO HAZARD EXISTS K FINISHED PRODUCT (FRANKFURTER) * + 0 + + + IV (1) INGREDIENTS (2) MEAT AND MEAT BYPRODUCT (MEAT & POULTRY) + + + + + V ! NON-MEAT FOOD INGREDIENTS (SALT) 0 0 0 0 + I m BINDERS/EXTENDERS (NON-FAT DRY MILK) + 0 + 0 + SPICES/FLAVORINGS (NATURAL SPICES) * + + + 0 + IV RESTRICTED INGREDIENTS (SODIUM NITRITE) * 0 0 0 0 + i PRESERVATIVES/ACIDIFIERS * OTHER (CITY WATER) * + 0 0 0 + n OTHER (RE-WORK) * + + + + + V * * HAZARD CHARACTERISTIC "A" N/A for industry generic workshop HACCP model. NOTE: 1. When doing Finished Product hazard analysis risk assignment, consider all ingredients and processes \ used in the establishment to produce the Finished Product. 2. When doing hazard analysis and risk assignment on ingredients, consider only those processes taking | place prior to product arriving at the receiving dock of the consuming establishment.