Miriam Adelman · Jorge Knijnik Editors Gender and Equestrian Sport Riding Around the World Gender and Equestrian Sport Miriam Adelman (cid:129) Jorge Knijnik Editors Gender and Equestrian Sport Riding Around the World Editors Miriam Adelman Jorge Knijnik Department of Social Sciences School of Education Federal University of Paraná University of Western Sydney Curitiba , Brazil Penrith , NSW , Australia ISBN 978-94-007-6823-9 ISBN 978-94-007-6824-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6824-6 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013942471 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 This work is subject to copyright. 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Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Acknowledgments This project, like all endeavors in the collective processes of building and circulating knowledge, owes much to many people who have exchanged ideas with us and supported our work “from behind the scenes.” Although we would need more space than is available to name all those who have encouraged and inspired us, we would like to express our gratitude here to some of those who have been most outstanding: First and foremost, to all the contributors who believed in the project from the start, and without whose trust and hard work it would not have come to fruition, specially to Dr. Kirrilly Thompson, for her singular contribution to the concluding phases of the project. To Esther Otten and Hendrikje Tuerlings, at Springer, for their trust, patience, and generosity. To the Araucaria Foundation, the Brazilian National Council for Technological and Scientifi c Development (CNPq), the Brazilian Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES), the Federal University of Paraná, and the School of Education at University of Western Sydney, institutions that provided fi nancial support for this project in different forms and at different stages. To Patricia Smaniotto, for the patient help in formatting the fi nal version of our book and for putting up with the last-minute stress and demands. Miriam would like also to show her gratitude: To all those who have helped me develop a broader and more international pers- pective on the equestrian world, in particular: Sylvine Pickel Chevalier, Université d’Angers, and her colleagues at the Institut Français du Cheval et de l’équitation; my hosts at the Equimeeting/École Nationale d’équitation in Saumur, France, in May of 2012; David Bonet (ECAE, Barcelona); Francisco Reina, Serena Jimenez, and the whole team that opened the doors to me at the Real Escuela de Arte Ecuestre in Jerez de la Frontera, Spain, in 2010; and Rhys Evans, Nora Schuurman, and other members of the Equine Research Network (EqRN). v vi Acknowledgments To the many people who over the course of the years have shared their stories of involvement with horses with me and to all my non-horsey friends who have under- stood and supported my sometimes unbearable enthusiasm for each and every phase of my research on the Brazilian equestrian world. To my family, in Brazil and in the United States, and above all to my sons, Gabriel and Lucas, who still ride with me once in a while. They are my dearest and most constant source of inspiration and strength in work and life. Jorge would like also to demonstrate his gratefulness: To Prof. Wayne Sawyer, to Assoc. Prof. Christine Johnston, and to Dr. Katina Zammit (University of Western Sydney) for their support for my research. To Paulo Falcão, Diogo Castro, and Sabrina Teixeira who are more than students. To my family, in Brazil and in Australia, and beyond all to my partner Selma, who rides around the world with me; to my daughters – Juju, who rides unicorns, Marinoca, who loves centaurs, and Luizinha, who rides dolphins; and to my son Alezinho, mon petit danseur de claquettes …. They can really turn the world around! Contents 1 Introduction – Women, Men, and Horses: Looking at the Equestrian World Through a “Gender Lens” ........................... 1 Miriam Adelman and Jorge Knijnik 2 From Glamour to Drudgery – Changing Gender Patterns in the Equine Sector: A Comparative Study of Sweden and Great Britain in the Twentieth Century ...................... 15 Susanna Hedenborg and Manon Hedenborg White 3 Beyond the Binary: Gender Integration in British Equestrian Sport .................................................................... 37 Katherine L. Dashper 4 Becoming ‘One of the Lads’: Women, Horseracing and Gender in the United Kingdom ...................................................... 55 Deborah Butler 5 Tradition and Transgression: Women Who Ride the Rodeo in Southern Brazil ................................................................. 73 Miriam Adelman and Gabriela Becker 6 Romancing the Horse: Adventure and Femininity in Juvenile Equine Fiction for Girls ...................................................... 91 Ellen Singleton 7 Women in Equestrian Polo: Cultural Capital and Sport Trajectories ............................................................................ 111 Michelle Gilbert and James Gillett 8 Cojones and Rejones: Multiple Ways of Experiencing, Expressing and Interpreting Gender in the Spanish Mounted Bullfi ght (Rejoneo) .................................................................. 127 Kirrilly Thompson vviiii viii Contents 9 “We Have to Make Horse Riding More Masculine!” On the Difference Between Masculine Needs and Feminine Practices in the Context of Swedish Equestrian Sports ...................... 149 Birgitta Plymoth 10 Horse Power: Gender, Work, and Wealth in Canadian Show Jumping ......................................................................................... 165 Kendra Coulter 11 The Black, the White, the Green: Fluid Masculinities in Brazilian Dressage ............................................ 183 Jorge Knijnik 12 Epilogue: A Research Agenda for Putting Gender Through Its Paces .................................................................................... 195 Kirrilly Thompson and Miriam Adelman Index ................................................................................................................. 213 Chapter 1 Introduction – Women, Men, and Horses: Looking at the Equestrian World Through a “Gender Lens” Miriam Adelman and Jorge Knijnik L’ imaginaire et la mémoire des âges conjuguent la monte au masculin, associant pouvoir et force, prestige et sueur, vitesse et virilité. Oubliant un peu vite tout de même qu’ Hippolyte était femme et reine des Amazones, d’ hippos , le cheval et lúein , délier. Étymologie qui en dit long déjà sur leur complicité. Sophie Nauleau Perhaps almost as much a part of world literature as the romantic references to a man and his horse (the warrior, cowboy, or gaucho and his faithful mount) are the numer- ous narratives on women and horses, from age-old mythology to contemporary pop- ular fi ction. Such narratives are diverse in form and content, spanning centuries and cultures, and often employing contrasting metaphors or discursive strategies: some evoke women’s daring, strength, and courage, while others repeat tropes of sensual- ization, mystifi cation, and sexualization of “woman on horseback.” Historical works also display wide variety, providing a broad and abundant source of evidence of the many ways in which over the centuries horses have been an integral part of culture, society, and everyday life for the women and men who have ridden them, employed them as beasts of burden, and loved them as companions in leisure and work. However, as the epigraph above notes, masculine connotations and experiences of riding have often made horsewomen appear as marginal. Current popular literature, on the other hand – certainly as expression of and response to the increasing femini- zation of the horse world from the mid-twentieth century onward – acts (whether M. Adelman (*) Graduate Program in Sociology/Undergraduate Program in Social Sciences , Federal University of Paraná , Curitiba , Paraná , Brazil e-mail: [email protected] J. Knijnik School of Education , University of Western Sydney , Penrith , NSW , Australia e-mail: [email protected] M. Adelman and J. Knijnik (eds.), Gender and Equestrian Sport: 1 Riding Around the World, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6824-6_1, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013