252 Phytologia (August 2013) 95(3) Gaillardia Candelaria var. mikemoorei (Asteraceae: Helenieae), A novel gypsophile from Coahuila, Mexico Billie L. Turner TX Plant Resources Center, The University of Texas, Austin, 78712, [email protected] ABSTRACT A novel gypsophile, Gaillardia Candelaria var. mikemoorei B.L. Turner, var. nov. is described DNA from Coahuila, Mexico. According to data it is most closely related to the recently described G. candelaria B.L. Turner. Morphological differences between the two taxa are discussed and photographs of the types of both taxa are provided, along with a map showing the distribution of gypsophilic Gaillardias in the area concerned. Published on-line www.phytologia.org Phytologia 95(3): 252-257 . (August 2013). 1, KEY WORDS: Asteraceae, Helenieae, Gaillardia, G. candelaria, G. c. var. mikemoorei, gypsophiles, Mexico, Coahuila Preparation of a treatment of the Tribe Helenieae of Mexico (Turner 2013) occasioned the present contribution; unfortunately the plants concerned were forwarded to me for identification after the my appearance of tribal treatment. I reckoned these to belong to a novel taxon, closely related to G. candelaria, and describe accordingly. it GAILLARDIA CANDELARIA MIKEMOOREI var. B.L. Turner, var. nov. Fig. 1 Resembling Gaillardia candelaria B.L. Turner, but the leaves predominantly basal (vs cauline); mm peduncles 6-10 cm long (vs 10-20 cm); outer involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, 9-10 long (vs mm mm lanceolate, 6-8 long); receptacles beset with sclerotic, persistent, conical, prickles ca 0.5 high (vs mm mm elongate-conical, 1.0-1.5 high); pappus scales 8 (vs ca 12) and lobes of the ray ligules 4-6 long (vs ca 2 mm). Perennial, mostly scapose, herbs to 20 cm high, arising from well-developed, branched rhizomes. mm Leaves linear, mostly 4-8 cm long, 1-3 wide, possessing a single prominent mid-rib, sparsely pubescent above and below, not atomiferous glandular or punctate; base of leaves enlarged and clasping. mm Peduncles, 6-10 cm long, moderately pubescent with spreading white hairs ca 0.5 long. Heads mm single, 10-13 wide (the rays excluded), ca 1cm high. Involucral bracts (outer), 10-11, linear- mm mm lanceolate, 9-10 long, ca 1.5 wide, longer than the inner bracts, reflexed with age, white- mm pubescent, like the peduncles. Receptacles convex, 4-5 across, beset with 30-40, mostly markedly mm indurate, cone-shaped, enations ca 0.5 high. Ray florets ca 11, neuter, sterile; ligules yellow, 1.2-1.5 mm mm cm long, mostly 3-lobed, the lobes 3-nerved, 4-6 long, 2-3 wide. Disc florets 30-40; corollas mm mm mm 3.5-4.0 long; tubes ca 0.5 long; throats ca 4 long, 5-lobed, the apices pubescent with mm purplish trichomes. Stamens 5; anthers purplish, the appendages lanceolate, ca 1 long, glandless. mm mm Style branches, linear, purple, ca 2 long. Achenes (immature) ca 2 long, densely white- mm pubescent, mainly near the base; pappus of 8, linear-lanceolate, scales 5-6 long, their apices awned for 2-3 mm. TYPE: MEXICO. COAHUILA: Mpio, Francisco 1 Madero, “West side of Valle de Buenavista Francisco 1. Madero” 1835 m. Gypsum hillside, 20 Sep 2012, 26 34 18 N, 103 02 17.6 W, Hinton et al. 29346 (Holotype: MEXU; isotypes: GBH, TEX). ) Phytologia (August 2013) 95(3 253 According to the collector of the Type (G.S. Hinton, pers. comm.), var. mikemoorei was “the dominant species on the gyp” at the locality concerned. W ADDITIONAL SPECIMEN EXAMINED: COAHUILA: “On gypsum slopes on the side of the Valle de Buenavista (E slopes of Sierra de los Remedios/Acatita.” 5831 ft, 26 36 43.1 N, 103 02 23.9 W, 22 Aug 2012, Moore et al 2000 (TEX). The collector of the above specimen (pers. comm.) noted that “One of the outstanding things about this species is that it braches underground, which I have never seen before in Gaillardia.” Moore DNA also studied the of both infraspecific taxa concluding “According to nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data, G. mikemoorei [my delineation] forms a clade with G. Candelaria with little , sequence variation among individuals of the two taxa.” Never the less, I had intended to describe the taxon as a new species, but its collector took a humbler attitude, my bowing to his wishes. In the revisionary treatment of Gaillardia by Turner and Watson (2007), this novelty will key to or near G. suavis, differing from the latter in having simple, linear- lanceolate, leaves (vs pinnatifid), shorter peduncles, and receptacles with persistent, rigid, conical bristles (vs. mostly deciduous or absent). Actually, I misidentified two of the sheets cited above, taking these to be atypical, linear-leafed, forms of G. pinnatifida, one of these to have served as the type of a projected novelty, this illustrated (TEX), but not published; reexamination of the sheets concerned shows these to be the recently described G. candelaria. DNA According to Moore’s data (pers. comm), G. candelaria, G. powellii and G. henricksonii form a well-supported gypsum endemic clade, this also apparent from morphological data. The novelty is named for Prof. Mike [Michael] J. Moore, currently at Oberlin College, Ohio, and Academic son of Bob Jansen at the Univ. of Texas, Austin. Prof. Moore is an exceptional student of gypsophily among plants (cf. Moore and Jansen, 2007). Initially, having examined the type, I proposed a tentative name honoring its collector, George Hinton. But George demurred, pointing out that Mr. Moore had called the type locality to his attention, and that he went to the gyp site largely at the latter’s urging. Such is honor among gentlemen, or should be. my It should be noted that at the time of description of G. candelaria, I did not possess material of G. mikemoorei, nor was I able to provide an adequate description of the material on hand, the type of my the former disappearing from fold by the wile of yet another worker. Because of this, I have, below, modified the description of G. candelaria. GAILLARDIA CANDELARIA B.L. Turner, var. CANDELARIA Phytologia Memoirs 13: 55. 2007. Perennial herbs, 20-30 cm high. Stems suffruticose 10-15 cm long, their apices each producing a single head on softly tomentose peduncles, the latter 10-15 cm long. Leaves alternate, linear-lanceolate, mm sparsely puberulent to nearly glabrate, mostly 4-9 cm long, 2-3 wide, gradually reduced upwards and much-overlapping, their lower surfaces with a single pronounced midrib, their margins entire and somewhat enrolled. Heads 3.5-4.2 cm across the extended rays (as determined from label data). Receptacles hemispheric, variously endowed with semi-persistent, slender, conical enations mostly 0.1- mm mm mm 1.5 high. Involucres 2-3 seriate, composed of subequal lanceolate bracts 6-8 long, ca. 2 mm wide, the outer series pubescent like the peduncles. Ray florets, ca 11, neuter; ligules yellow. 10-15 mm long, mostly 3-lobed at their apices, the sinuses 2-3 deep. Disc florets 30-50 (estimated); corollas mm mm mm mm yellow, 5-6 long; tubes short (ca. 0.5 long), glabrous; throats 4.5-5.5 long, ca. 3 wide, 254 Phytologia (August 2013) 95(3) markedly pubescent above with septate, yellowish, or less often, purplish, hairs. Stamens, 5, their appendages ovate-lanceolate, eglandular. Style branches linear, purple, their appendages linear- mm mm lanceolate, the latter ca. 2 long. Achenes ca 1.5 long, densely white-pubescent with stiffly mm ascending hairs, the pappus of ca. 12, white-membranous, lanceolate scales ca. 5 long, their mid- mm veins extended into awns, 1-2 long. TYPE: MEXICO. COAHUILA: 82 road mi SW of Cuatro Cienegas, ca. “7 mi S of turnoff for Los Delicas [sic], south of pass between Sa. Delicias and Sa. de Candelaria in pure gypsum w-facing slopes of Sierra la Candelaria at base camp of a Strontium mine ... 1.4 mi NE of Hwy 30,” 4040 ft, 12 Nov 2002, James Henrickson 23199 (Holotype: TEX). ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED: COAHUILA: “12 km NNE of Las Margaritas on the easternmost ridge of the Sierra de las Margaritas,” 1300-1400 m, 26 33 30 N, 102 51 30 W, 24 Sep 1972, NW Chiang et al. 9508 (LL); “ ca 32 (air) miles NE of Tlahualilo, in the portion of the Sierra de las Delicias, in the First Canyon S of the Puerto de las Sardines; on limestone [sic, presumably gypsum]; frequent perennial,” 4400 ft, 26 20 N, 103 06 W, 9 Aug 1973, Henrickson 12208 (LL); (same locality and date as the type): Henrickson 23199B (TEX); Henrickson 23200 (TEX). All of the above specimens are very similar; however, Henrickson noted on the label of his collection 23199B (presumably an isotype) that “of 42 plants, one small cluster of plants had red at tip of disk corolla lobes,” this observation presumably due to the purplish hairs alluded to in the above description. Gaillardia Candelaria superficially resembles G. multiceps of the southwestern U.S.A. It is immediately distinguished from that taxon by its elongate peduncles and subscapose habit (which superficially resemble that of the widespread, common Tetraneuris scaposa) and narrower, more enrolled, leaves. It also possesses longer, more linear, style-branch appendages. Apparently, Henrickson originally intended to treat G. candelaria as a new variety (G. multiceps My var. candelaria to judge from his tentative identifications on the labels concerned. examination of ), the material suggests specific status, although I concede that one’s species concept can be expanded to exceptional limits, often depending upon whim and circumstance. The distributions of Gaillardia gypsophiles in north central Mexico are shown in Fig. 2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am deeply indebted to George Hinton and Mike Moore for reviewing the paper, and their exceptional input, and to my consummate editor, Jana Kos, for proof reading the manuscript. Figures 3 and 4 were provided by George Hinton; Figure 5 by M. Moore. LITERATURE CITED Moore, M.J. and R.K. Jansen. 2007. Origins and Biogeography of Gypsophily in the Chihuahuan Desert Plant Group Tequila subgenus Eddya [Boraginaceae]. Syst. Bot. 32: 392-414). Turner, B.L. 2013. Chapter 11: TRIBE HELENIEAE, in Comps of Mexico. Phytologia Memoirs 16: 1- 100 . Turner, B.L. and T. Watson. 2007. Taxonomic Revision of Gaillardia (Asteraceae). Phytologia Memoirs 13:1-112 Phytologia (August 2013) 95(3) 255 Fig. 1. Gaillardia c. var. mikemoorei (Holotype: MEXU; isotypes: GBH, TEX). 256 Phytologia (August 2013) 95(3) GAILLARDIA • candetaria O gypsophila • henricksonii o mikemoorei 0 poweMii ® turner! Fig. 2. Distribution of Gaillardia gypsophiles in Mexico. Fig. 3. Gaillardia c. mikemoorei in the field Phytologia (August 2013) 95(3) 257 Fig. 4. Type locality of G. c. mikemoorei. Fig. 5. Mike Moore, gyp site, with Guadalupe Mts. of Texas in background.