植物研究雑誌 J.Jpn.Bot. 83:280–283(2008) Frullania pran-nathii (cid:514) a New Epiphyllous Liverwort from Darjeeling, India Monalisa DEYa and Devendra Kumar SINGHb aBotanicalSurveyofIndia,CentralNationalHerbarium,Howrah–711103INDIA; bBotanicalSurveyofIndia,C.G.O.Complex, 3rdMSOBuilding,BlockF(5thfloor), SaltLakeSectorI,Kolkata–700064INDIA E-mail:[email protected] (ReceivedonFebruary4,2008) A new species of genus Frullania Raddi, F. pran-nathii M. Dey & D. K. Singh is describedfromDarjeelingintheEasternHimalaya,India.Itischaracterizedbygreenish brown plants with small, thick-walled cortical cells arranged in a single layer and thin- walled medullary cells with minute tri-radiate trigones; widely spreading, contiguous to distant, suborbicular to elliptical leaves with plane lobe, a large auriculate appendage at base and flat apex; median leaf cells with small trigones and nodular intermediate thick- enings; basal leaf cells with trabeculately thickened trigones and intermediate thicken- ings; stylus multicellular at base with 1–3 teeth lateral tooth and 5–7 cells uniseriate towards apex terminating into an elongated hyaline cell, and 1/8–1/5 bilobed, distant underleaves with auriculate base. The species has been compared with F. nepalensis (Spreng.) Lehm. & Lindenb., from which it differs in the shape and arrangement of leaves, and size and structure of stylus. Key words: Darjeeling, epiphyllous, Frullania pran-nathii, India, new species. In terms of species diversity, the genus epiphyllous liverworts of the Eastern Frullania Raddi with about 63 species (Nath Himalaya, comprising Darjeeling Sub- 2002, Srivastava and Alam 2002, 2004, division of West Bengal, and the States of SinghandNath2004,SinghandSingh2005, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh, the authors Nath and Singh 2006) is the second largest came across an interesting population of the genus of liverworts in India. The East genus. A cursory examination of the speci- Himalayan bryogeographical region of the mens suggested them to be similar to F. country comprising the eight North-eastern nepalensis (Spreng.) Lehm. & Lindenb. But, states, accounts for the maximum diversity subsequent morpho-taxonomic investigation with about 40 species of the genus repre- on the specimens revealed the plants to be sented in this region (Singh 1997, Singh and distinct from all the hitherto known species Nath 2004, Nath and Singh 2006). Its other of the genus. Study of authentic specimens major centers of diversity in India are the of F. nepalensis [Hepaticae Selectae et Western Himalayan region which harbours Criticae (ed. Fr. Verdoorn), ser. I, 1930, about19species(SinghandSingh2005)and Malaccan Peninsula, Cameroon Highlands, the Western Ghats with 17 species (Singh ca. 1700 m, 1930, R. E. Holttum 33 (CAL); 1997). During the course of a study on the Hepaticae Selectae et Criticae (ed. Fr. —280— October2008 JournalofJapaneseBotanyVol.83No.5 281 Verdoorn), ser. IX, 1936, Sumatra, Atjeh, leaf cells polygonal, 20.0–30.0 (cid:1)12.5–20.0 Boer in Telong, 2100 m, 1934, C. G. G. J. µm,wallswithsmalltrigonesandnodularin- van Steenis 414 (CAL)] confirmed that our termediate thickenings; basal leaf cells elon- plants were distinct from the former. Hence gated, polygonal, 32.5–52.5 (cid:1)12.5–22.5 µm, the same has been illustrated and described walls with trabeculately thickened trigones here as a new species. and intermediate thickenings; leaf lobule small, cucullate, 1/5 of lobe length, 0.2–0.3 Frullania pran-nathii M. Dey & D. K. (cid:1)0.17–0.26 mm, apex rounded, beak absent; Singh, sp. nov. [Fig. 1] stylus highly differentiated with a Frullaniae nepalensi (Spreng.) Lehm. & multicellular base, 5–7 uniseriate cells at Lindenb. affinis, sed foliis contiguis- apex,bearing1–3teeth,allofthemendingin distantibus, lobis foliorum planis et foliis an elongated hyaline cell. Underleaves dis- apicibus planis; stylis basibus multi- tant, 3–4 times as wide as stem, 0.55–0.76 cellularibus et apicibus uniseriatis 5–7-cellu- (cid:1)0.50–0.78 mm, bilobed to 1/8–1/5 of laribus, cellulis 1–3-dentatis, una cellula underleaf length, margin entire, base hyalina desinanti differt. auriculate, sinus narrow to wide. Rhizoids TYPE: INDIA: Eastern Himalaya, West numerous, fasiculate at the base of under- Bengal, Darjeeling district, 2 km from Lava leaves, yellowish brown to brown. towards Algarah, alt. ca. 2100 m, 15 January Habitat and Ecology: Epiphyllous, grow- 2005, D. Singh & M. Dey 36108A (CAL– ing in moist and shady places on the leaves holotype). of Cinnamomum sp. in association with Other specimens examined: Ditto. D. Singh & M. Cheilolejeuneaimbricata(Nees)S.Hatt.and Dey36099,36100,36103(CAL). on the leaves of Quercus sp. Plants greenish brown in herbarium, pros- Etymology: The species has been named trate, closely appressed to the upper surface after late Padma Shri Prof. P. N. Mehra, for of leaves; shoot 25.0–40.0 (cid:1)1.7–2.3 mm; his notable contribution towards the knowl- branches arising from the ventral segment of edge of Indian botany in general and that of the lateral merophyte so as the lobule of its liverworts and hornworts in particular. subtending leaf absent – hence ‘Frullania- Frullani pran-nathii is characterized by type’.Stemoval-ellipticalinoutlineincross- the stem which is 12–14 cells across the di- section, 0.18–0.27 (cid:1)0.16–0.21 mm, 12–14 ameter in cross-section with thick-walled cells across; cortical cells in a single cortical cells arranged in a single layer and layer, 8.75–17.5 (cid:1) 5.0–12.5 µm, thick- thin-walled medullary cells with minute tri- walled; medullary cells in several layers, radiate trigones (Fig. 1, c); widely spreading, much larger than cortical cells, 12.5–25.0 (cid:1) contiguous to distant, suborbicular to ellipti- 10.0–20.0 µm, thin-walled with minute cal leaves with plane lobe, a large auriculate triradiate trigones. Leaves contiguous to dis- appendage at base and flat apex (Figs. 1, a, tant,widelyspreading;leaflobesuborbicular d–f); median leaf cells with small trigones to elliptical, 1.1–1.5 (cid:1)0.9–1.2 mm, apex and nodular intermediate thickenings (Fig. 1, rounded, margin entire, dorsal margin h); basal leaf cells with trabeculately thick- strongly arched with a large auriculate ap- ened trigones and intermediate thickenings pendage at base, ventral margin almost (Fig. 1, i); highly differentiated stylus with a straight–slightly arched; marginal leaf cells multicellular base, 5–7 cells uniseriate at subquadrate to rectangulate, 12.5–25.0 (cid:1) apex, bearing 1–3 teeth, ending in an elon- 10.0–17.5 µm, walls with small trigones and gatedhyalinecell(Figs.1,j–m);and1/8–1/5 nodular intermediate thickenings; median bilobed, distant underleaves with auriculate 282 植物研究雑誌 第83巻 第5号 平成20年10月 Fig.1. Frullaniapran-nathiiM.Dey&D.K.Singh,sp.nov.a.Aportionofplantinventral view(rhizoidsnotshown).b.Aportionofplantindorsalview.c.Cross-sectionofstem. d–f.Leaves.g.Marginalcellsofleaf.h.Mediancellsofleaf.i.Basalcellsofleaf.j–m. Stylus.n–r.Underleaves.AlldrawnfromD.Singh&M.Dey36108A(CAL). October2008 JournalofJapaneseBotanyVol.83No.5 283 base (Figs. 1, n–r). References Frullania pran-nathii resembles F. HattoriS.1973.NotesonAsiaticspeciesofthegenus nepalensis (Spreng.) Lehm. & Lindenb. in Frullania, Hepaticae. IV. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 37: the shape of leaves and lobules and nature of 120–152. Kamimura M. 1961. A monograph of Japanese leafcells.However,theformerdistinctlydif- Frullaniaceae.J.HattoriBot.Lab. 24:1–109. fers from the latter which has loosely to Nath V. 2002. Current status of genus Frullania in densely imbricate leaves with strongly con- India. Abstracts World Conference of Bryology, cave lobe and incurved apex and minute, 23–30 January, 2002, Lucknow, India (WCB filiform, uniseriate, 3–5 cells long stylus (cf. 2002).p.7.NationalBotanicalResearchInstitute. Nath V. and Singh A. P. 2006. Frullania udarii sp. Kamimura 1961, Hattori 1973, Zhu and So nov.(cid:514)AnewspeciesfromMeghalaya,India.Curr. 2001). Sci.91(6):744–746. Singh A. P. and Nath V. 2004. Frullania The authors are thankful to the Director, rotundistipula Steph. (cid:514) an addition to the Indian Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata for facili- bryoflora.Geophytology 32(1&2):73–77. ties and encouragement, Dr. V. J. Nair, Singh D. K. 1997. Liverworts. In: Mudgal V. and Hajra P. K. (eds.), Floristic Diversity and Scientist Emeritus, Southern Circle, BSI, Conservation Strategies in India 1, pp. 235–300. Coimbatore for Latin rendering of diagnosis, BotanicalSurveyofIndia,Dehradun. and to Prof. Tomoyuki Nemoto, Department Singh S. K. and Singh D. K. 2005. Frullania larjiana of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science and (Jungermanniopsida: Frullaniaceae), a new spe- Engineering, Ishinomaki Senshu University, ciesfromIndia.J.Bryol. 27:105–108. Srivastava S. C. and Alam A. 2002. A collection of Japan, for helpful suggestions. One of us Frullania from Nilgiri with F. densiloba St. as a (MD) is also grateful to the Director, BSI for new record for India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. financial assistance under ‘Flora of India’ 99:232–237. project. Srivastava S. C. and Alam A. 2004. Frullania riojaneirensis (Raddi) Spruce (cid:514) an addition to Indianbryoflora.Geophytology 33(1&2):47–51. Zhu R. L. and So M. L. 2001. Epiphyllous liverworts ofChina.NovaHedwigia 121:1–418. Ｍ. デイa, Ｄ. Ｋ. シンb：インド・ダージリン 地方で発見された葉上苔類の新種Frullania pran- nathii 円形〜楕円形で平たく, 基部が大きな耳状で先端 Frullania属は約63種を有するインドで2番目に が尖らないこと, またスチルスが基部で細胞が多 大きな苔類の属である. ヒマラヤ東部における調 列に並び, 先端で5〜7細胞が一列に並ぶことで, 査にて, F. nepalensis (Spreng.) Lehm. & Lindenb. F.nepalensisとは区別される. に類似するが, これとは区別される苔類を確認し (aインド・植物調査所国立中央標本館, たので, これをF.pran-nathiiM.Dey&D.K.Singh bインド・植物調査所CGOコンプレックス) として新種記載した. F. pran-nathiiは, 葉がやや