F m rom the ongols to m D the ing ynasty F m rom the ongols to m D the ing ynasty h B m ow a egging onk B e c , ecame mperor oF hina Z y Z hu uan hang Hung Hing Ming Algora Publishing New York © 2016 by Algora Publishing. All Rights Reserved www.algora.com No portion of this book (beyond what is permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Act of 1976) may be reproduced by any process, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the express written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data — Names: Hung, Hing Ming, author. Title: From the Mongols to the Ming Dynasty: How a Begging Monk Became Emperor of China, Zhu Yuan Zhang / Hung Hing Ming. Description: New York: Algora Publishing, 2016. | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2016004842| ISBN 9781628941500 (soft cover: alk. paper) | ISBN 9781628941517 (hard cover: alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Ming Taizu, Emperor of China, 1328-1398. | China—Kings and rulers—Biography. | China—History—Ming dynasty, 1368-1644. Classification: LCC DS753.6.M5 H85 2016 | DDC 951/.026092—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016004842 Printed in the United States TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Chapter One: Under the Rule of the Mongolians 5 1. The Mongol Empire 5 (1) Genghis Khan 5 (2) Ögedei Khan and Güyük Khan 8 (3) Möngke Khan 9 (4) Kublai Khan 12 2. The Yuan Dynasty 13 (1) The Establishment of the Yuan Dynasty 13 (2) The Destruction of the Southern Song Dynasty 13 (3) The Emperors of the Yuan Dynasty 19 (4) The Birth of Zhu Yuan Zhang 20 Chapter Two: Great Uprisings against the Mongolian Rule 23 1. The Uprisings 23 2. Zhu Yuan Zhang Joins in the Uprising Led by Guo Zi Xing 24 3. Zhu Yuan Zhang Establishes His Own Army 27 4. Zhu Yuan Zhang Crosses the Yangtze River and Takes Jinling 38 ix