FROM SYMPOSIUM TO EUCHARIST FROM SYMPOSIUM TO EUCHARIST THE BANQUET IN THE EARLY CHRISTIAN WORLD DENNIS E. SMITH FORTRESS PRESS MINNEAPOLIS FROM SYMrGSIUM TO EUCHARIST TheBanquctintheEarlyChri~tianWorld Copyright 0 2003 Augsburg Fortrus. All righu reserved. Except for brief quotations in criti cal artid.-s or n'Views, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission from the publisher. Write: Permissions, Augsburg Fonras, BoJ 1209, Minne:~.polis,MN5S440. ~r ul: Banquet san.-s from a Roman mos:aic, Canhagc, filth ccnrury C.l. Mwic National du Bardo, Tunis, Tunisia. Copyrigh1 0 Gilles Mermct fAn Resource, New York. U5ed.bypermission. Bookdcsign:BethWright Interior illustrations {pp. 15, 1G . and 17) an: by Romney Oualline Ncsbin and an: copyright 0 2002 Romney Oualline Nabitt and Dennis E. Smith. Scriptun: qu01ations from me New Revised Standard Version Bible an: copyright 0 1989 by the Division ofChriSI~n Educ:nion of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USAandan:usedbypermission. The uamlnion of the ~r ~~liturgy on pp. 147-49 is from Gordon J. &hr, MThe Stdcrofl'assoverand the Eucharistic Words,~ in Nuvum Tntammtum 12 {1970): 181-202, andisusedbypermissionofBriiiAcademicl'ublishers. LibrtlrJ DjConpru Cuafoging-in-l'ubliwiDn Data Smith, Dennis Edwin, dire- From symposium to Eucharist : the banquet in the <':ltly Christian world /Dennis E. Smith. p.cm. Includes bibliognphial ~nccs and indo:. ISBN0-8006->489-6{pbk.. :alk..p.aper) I. Lord's Supper-History. l.lide. BV823.S62 2002 264'.36'09-dcll 2002152641 The paper used in this publication meers the minimum requirementS of American National Standard for Information S.:ienc.-s-Permanence of Paper for Prim~ Library Materials, ANSIZ329.48-1984. ManuF..cruud in the Canada 07 06 05 04 03 10 $11 CONTENTS Prtfou ix 1. The Banquet as Social Institution 2. The Greco-Roman Banquet 13 3. The Philosophical Banquet 47 4. The Sacrificial Banquet 67 5. The Oub Banquet 87 Excursuus: Sratutti ofthr Co~ ofD Uma and Antinous 126 Srarurrsofthrlobakchoi 129 6. The Jewish Banquet 133 7. The Banquet in the Churches of PauJ 173 8. The Banquet in the Gospels 219 9. The Banquet and Christian Theology 279 Abbrrviatiom 289 No us 295 BibLiography 361 !ndrx ofA ncimt Sourus 389 lntkx ofSubjtcts 407 li!il VII VIII ~ CONTENTS liST OF IllUSTRATIONS Figure 1: A Typical Greek Dining Room 15 Figure2: A Stone Couch from the Dining Room of the Asdepius Sanctuary at Corinth 15 Figure3: Reconstruction of a Greek Symposium 16 Figure4: Reconstruction of a Roman Banquet in a Triclinium 17