FIRST AID FOR THE® USM LE STEP 2 CK Seventh Edition TAO LE, MD, MHS Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics Chief, Section of Allergy and Immunology Department of Medicine University of Louisville VIKAS BHUSHAN, MD Diagnostic Radiologist HERMAN SINGH BAGGA, MD Resident, Department of Urology University of California, San Francisco New York / Chicago / San Francisco / Lisbon / London / Madrid / Mexico City Milan / New Delhi / San Juan / Seoul / Singapore / Sydney / Toronto 5040_00_Frontmatter.indd i 8/20/09 2:41:27 PM Copyright © 2010, 2007 by Tao Le. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be repro- duced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 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DEDICATION To our families, friends, and loved ones, who supported and assisted in the task of assembling this guide. and To the contributors to this and future editions, who took time to share their knowledge, insight, and humor for the benefi t of students. 5040_00_Frontmatter.indd iii 8/20/09 2:41:28 PM This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Contributing Authors vii Web Contributor vii Faculty Reviewers ix Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii How to Contribute xv SECTION 1 GUIDE TO EFFICIENT EXAM PREPARATION 1 Introduction 2 USMLE Step 2 CK—Computer-Based Testing Basics 2 Defi ning Your Goal 8 Study Resources 10 Test-Day Checklist 12 Testing Agencies 12 SECTION 1 SUPPLEMENT SPECIAL SITUATIONS 15 First Aid for the International Medical Graduate 16 First Aid for the Student with a Disability 34 SECTION 2 DATABASE OF HIGH-YIELD FACTS 37 How to Use the Database 38 Cardiovascular 39 Dermatology 73 Endocrinology 113 Epidemiology 131 Ethics and Legal Issues 145 Gastrointestinal 151 Hematology/Oncology 187 v 5040_00_ rontmatter.indd v 8/20/09 2:41:28 PM Infectious Disease 215 Musculoskeletal 255 Neurology 279 Obstetrics 319 Gynecology 357 Pediatrics 395 Psychiatry 431 Pulmonary 455 Renal/Genitourinary 475 Selected Topics in Emergency Medicine 499 Rapid Review 519 SECTION 3 TOP-RATED REVIEW RESOURCES 545 How to Use the Database 547 Comprehensive 549 Online Comprehensive Review 553 Internal Medicine 554 Neurology 559 OB/GYN 561 Pediatrics 564 Psychiatry 568 Surgery 572 Miscellaneous 576 Commercial Review Courses 577 Appendix I: Abbreviations and Symbols 579 Appendix II: Common Laboratory Values 587 Index 589 About the Authors 607 vi 5040_00_ rontmatter.indd vi 8/20/09 2:41:28 PM CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS Steven Chen Kenta Nakamura Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine University of California, San Francisco Class of 2010 Class of 2010 Hematology/Oncology; Emergency Medicine Cardiovascular; Pulmonary Allen Omid Eghrari Pushpa Raja Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Class of 2009 Class of 2009 Neurology; Epidemiology; Ethics Dermatology; Psychiatry Seth Goldstein, MPhil Marcela Smid, MA, MS Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine University of California, San Francisco Class of 2009 Class of 2009 Gastrointestinal; Musculoskeletal Obstetrics; Gynecology Kristin H. Kan Darcy Weidemann Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Class of 2010 Class of 2009 Endocrinology; Infectious Disease Pediatrics; Renal/Genitourinary WEB CONTRIBUTOR Lauren Rothkopf, MD Resident Department of Internal Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center vii 5040_00_ rontmatter.indd vii 8/20/09 2:41:28 PM This page intentionally left blank FACULTY REVIEWERS Tammy Brady, MD, MHS Kristi Mizelle, MD Assistant Professor, Nephrology Clinical Fellow, Rheumatology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Barish Edil, MD Margaret R. Moon, MD, MPH Assistant Professor, Surgery and Oncology Assistant Professor, General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Core Faculty, Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics Meg Gerstenblith, MD David Newman-Toker, MD, PhD Resident, Department of Dermatology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Assistant Professor, Neurology and Otolaryngology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Emily Gower, PhD Ben Ho Park, MD, PhD Assistant Professor, Epidemiology and Ophthalmology Associate Professor, Oncology Director, Clinical Research Unit, Wilmer Eye Institute The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Stanley G. Rockson, MD Karen E. Hauer, MD Chief of Consultative Cardiology Director of Internal Medicine Clerkships Allan and Tina Neill Professor of Lymphatic Research and Medicine Professor of Medicine, Gold Headed Cane Endowed Director, Stanford Center for Lymphatic and Venous Disorders Education Chair Professor of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine Maunank R. Shah, MD Christina Hines, MD, PhD Fellow, Infectious Diseases Resident, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Jade Tan, MD Julianna Jung, MD Fellow, Pediatrics Assistant Professor, Emergency Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Dilys Walker, MD Matthew Kim, MD Assitant Clinical Professor, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Assistant Professor, Endocrinology Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine University of California, San Francisco ix 5040_00_Frontmater.indd ix 8/20/0 2:41:28 PM