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Seew ebsiftoer T ermasn dC onditions. www.usmlrex.com USMLE STEP1 2012 TAOL E,M D,M HS AssocCilaiitcnPea rlo feosfMs eodri cainnPdee dtiraics ChiSeefc,t oifAo lnl earngIdym mnuology DeprtameonftM edicine UniverosfLi otuvyii slle VIKASB HUSHANM,D DiagtniRocas diioslto g Los Angeles JEFFRYE HOFMANN BrowUnni versity MDIPhCDa nddaite PETEMR. G AYED YalUeni versity MDIPhCDa nddaite B Medical NewY orICk h icIaS gaoFn r acnocI Li issbIL oonn dIoM na dirdIM exiCciot y MilIaN ne wD elIhS ia Jnu aInS eoIuS li ngaIpS oyrdenI eT yor onto _ThMec Gra·wH illC ompanies FirAsiftdo trh eU®S MLSEt e2p 011A 2S :t undte--tSotuGdueindt e Copyright© byV ikaBsh ushaannd T aoL e. rAilglhr tess ervPerdi.n itentd h eU nitSetda toefAs m ericEax.c eapstp er­ 2012 mittuendd etrh eU nitSetda tCeosp yriAgchtot f nop arotft hipsu blicamtaiybo enr eproduocrde ids triibnua tneyd 1976, foromr b ya nym eanso,rs torienad d atbaa soer r etriseyvsatlew mi,t hotuhtep riworri tpteernm issoifto hnep u blisher. 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DOW/DOW 1 2 35 64 7 8 9 0 141 31 21 1 ISBN 978-0-07-177636-3 MHID 0-07-177636-2 ISSN 1532-6020 Notice Mediciinsae n e ver-chasncgiienngAc sen .e wr eseaarncdhc lineixcpaelr iebnrcoea doeunr k nowledcghea,n ges int reatmaenndtd rutgh eraapryer equirTehdea. u thoarnsdt hep ublisohfte hriw so rhka vceh eckweidt sho urces belietvoeb de r eliaibntl hee eifrf otrotp sr oviidnef ormatthiaiotscn o mpleatnedg enerailnal cyc owridt thh es tan­ dardasc ceptaettd h et imoef p ublicaHtoiwoenv.ei rnv, i eowf t hep ossiboifhl uimtayn e rroorrc hangiensm edical sciencneesi,t htehrea uthonrosrt hep ublisnhoerar n yo thepra rwthyo h asb eeni nvolivnte hde p reparaotrpi uobn­ licatofit ohniw so rwka rratnhtastt h ei nformactoinotna ihneerde iisin n e veryr espeacctc uroartc eo mpleatnedt, h ey disclaalirlme sponsifboairnl yie tryr oorros m issioorfn ostr h ree sults ofbrtoaumis neoe ftd h ien formactoinotna ined int hiwso rkR.e adearrsee ncouratgoec do nfitrhmei nformactoinotna ihneerde wiint oht hesro urcFeosre. x ample andi np articruelaadrea,rr sea dvisteocd h ectkh ep roduicntf ormasthieoeintn cluidne d tphaec kaogfee acdhr ug thepyl atno a dminitsotbe erc erttahiantt h ei nformactoinotna iinnte hdi wso riks a ccuraantdet hacth angheasv e notb eenm adei nt her ecommenddeods oer i nt hec ontraindifcoaardt miionniss tTrhaitrsie ocno.m mendaitsoi fo n particiumlpaorr tainncc oen nectwiiotnnhe wo ri nfrequuesnetddlr yu gs. Thibso owka ss etin E lecLtHrb ay R ainbGorwa phics. Thee ditwoerrseC atherAi.Jn oeh nsaonnd P etJe.rB oyle. Projmeacnta gemewnatsp rovibdyeR da inbGorwa phics. Thep roducstuipoenr vwiassoJ re ffHreeryz ich. Thei llustmraantaigoewnra sA rmeOnv sepyan. RRD onnelwlaesyp rinatnedbr i nder. Thibso oiks p rintoenad c id-pfarpeeer . McGraw-bHoiolklas r ae vailaatbs lpee cqiuaaln tdiitsyc outnout ssea sp remiuamnsds alperso motioornf osur,s ei nc orpo­ ratter ainpirnogg raTmosc .o ntaacr te presenptlaetaiesv-eem auisla tb [email protected]. Dedication Tot hec ontribtuott hoiarsns d p asetd itiwohnost ,o otki mteo s hare thekinro wledignes,i agnhdth ,u mofro trh eb eneoffis tt udents. Contents ContriAbuuttshi onrg Howt oU sTeh iBso ok VII XVII FacuRletvyi ewers ix CommoLna broatVoarlyu es XIX Preface xi BasSicci eDniccsielp iCnreo ss-Reference Tablfeo Hri gh-FYaicetlsd xxi Acknowledgments XIII FirAsiCtdh ectkf lotirh sUeS MELS te1p Howt oC ontribute XXII XV �SECTIIO N GUIEDT OE FIFCEINTE XAMP REAPRTAION 1 Itnroduction 2 StuMdayt erials 17 USMLES tepT hBea ssi c 2 Tesatk-iTSntgr ategies 19 1- DefiYnoiunGrgo al 11 ClinViicegatnltS et reagties 21 Tmielifnoer Study 12 TesitnAgg encies 22 IYfo Tuh iYnokFu ailed 16 References 23 IYfo Fua iled 17 �SECTIISO UNP PLEMENT SPECISATILU TAIONS 25 FirAsiftdo trh Ietn ernaMteidoinGacrlaa ldt ue a 26 FirAsitd tfhPoeor d iaMterdiiScct auld ent 41 FirAsiftdo trh Oes etopaMtehdiicSc tauld ent 36 FirAsiftdo trh Set udenatD iwsiiattbhyi l 44 �SECTIIOIN HIHGY-IELDG ENEALRP RIINLPCES 47 How Utsoe Dtahtea base 48 Mircobiology 145 BehavSicoireanlc e 51 Immungoyl o 221 Biochtermyi s 67 Pathyo log 243 Embryology 123 Phmaarcoogly 257 v -�S-ECT-I111-O--N------- HIG-HYIE,_OLROGA�NSYSMTSE� 275_= Cardiolvaars cu 279 Psychiatry 481 Endioncre 313 Renal 503 Gatsriotnestinal 335 Reprotdiuvec 529 HematoalnoOdgn yc ology 371 Respiratory 557 MuslcsoukelaentCdao ln nteicTvies sue 403 Rapid Review 579 Neuolrogy 433 �SECTIIVO N TOP-RTAEDR EVIERWE SORUCES 599 Howt oU steh Dea tabase 600 MircobioalndoI gmym unology 618 QuestBiaonsnk 602 Pathology 623 QuestBiooosnk 603 Phaarcmology 627 InteSrinteets 604 Physiology 631 Compreihveen s 605 CommerRceivaiCleo wru ses 635 AnamtyoE,m byroloagnyNd,e ruoscience 607 PubliCsohnettrsa c 640 BehavSicoireanlc e 611 AbbreviaandtS iyobmnosl s 641 Biocihsetmry 613 PhoAtcoko nwledgtmse n 651 CelBli ooglayn Hdi stology 615 Inxd e 657 AbotuhtAe u tsh or 681 VI ContribAuuttihnogr s EMILYB UCHOLZ LUCINDAS .L IU Medical Scientist Training Program Yale ScohfMo eodli cine YalUen iversity Claosfs 2013 RAFAELB UERBAS ILLER AMY C.M ORENO YalSec hoooflM edicine YalSec hoooflM edicine Claosfs Claosfs 2013 2013 JOVANAP AVISIC NEELM .B UTALA YalSec hoooflM edicine YalSec hoooflM edicine Claosfs Claosfs 201 3 2013 JUSTIMN. S TEINBERMGB,A JENNIFEFRI EBER YalSec hoooflM edicine YalSec hoooflM edicine Claosfs Claosfs 2013 2013 GARTHW .S TROHBEHN JEFFERYS.F UTTERLEIB YalSec hoooflM edicine YalSec hoooflM edicine Claosfs 2014 Claosfs 2013 NICHOLATSH EODOSAKIS WAYNEW EIG UI Medical Scientist Training Program YalUen iversity YalSec hoooflM edicine Claosfs 2013 DANIEL DJU.R AND,M D VIVETK. K ULKARNI ImagEed itor InstrauncdtF oerl lDoewp,a rtmeonfRt a diology YalSec hoooflM edicine JohnHso pkiUnnsi versity Claosfs 2013 JAYSSOBNR OOKS,M D ERICK UO EditFoirr,s taidteam.com YalSec hoooflM edicine ResidDeenpta,rt meonfOt rt hopaeSduircg ery Claosfs JohnHso pkiUnnsi versity 2013 VII