Kamana Student Services are now Online! Connect with a community of thousands of Kamana students worldwide — or in your backyard! Receive personal feedback from Kamana instructors to enhance and guide your journey. Receive Kamana video, audio and other resources — not available elsewhere! Participate in monthly roundtable phone discussions with the Kamana community… How do we make Kamana more accessible and more effective? We listened to Kamana student feedback, and with Kamana Online we lowered the price of student services signifi cantly to make it more accessible for everyone. At the same time, we designed Kamana Online to be the ultimate resource for those engaged in naturalist training! We know; we’ve been there. There are many distractions in our lives that can make it challenging to keep up with any ongoing course. In the world of martial arts, music and naturalists, there are countless beginners and very few “black belts”. With Kamana Online, you have a human-powered resource — available 24/7/365 — to continue to inspire, connect and help you to navigate any bumps in the trail ahead. We’ve been mentoring students in the Kamana Naturalist Training Program for over 15 years, and Kamana Online takes all that we’ve learned and offers it to you at a lower cost and lower risk than ever before. We’ve made available to you tools that were not possible to deliver without an online me- dium, and we are excited about how much more this will add to your experience! Is Kamana Online easy to try? Absolutely. Go to www.Kamana.org and click on “Join Now”. Add the information needed for the subscription — and you’re in! Each month you will be automatically charged $9.95. This is a signifi cant savings over the previous student services pricing, all while bringing more effective tools to your naturalist journey. You receive even greater savings when you sign up for a year! What if I decide it’s not for me? Cancel anytime before the end of the month, and you owe nothing more. You can always renew your subscription in the future when you are ready. Free Student Resources at www.Kamana.org Even if you aren’t sure right now about signing up for a student services subscription, please visit Kamana.org and enjoy for free the many Kamana student resources you’ll fi nd there. We look forward to seeing you at Kamana.org, and out on the trail… W ! ELCOME We’d like to start by welcoming you to Kamana One. We hope it will be rewarding experience for you. Here’s what you do… Acquire these resources (needed for Part Three): 1. Seeing Through Native Eyes: A Journey of Connection, with Jon Young. 8 cd set. 2. Reader’s Digest: North American Wildlife. These resources are available from Wilderness Awareness School at www.WildernessAwareness.org 1. Read Part One. Then, pick a day to begin Part Two. When you start Part Two, try to keep on track every day for two weeks. 2. Read and complete all exercises in Part Two, Nature Awareness Trailhead. Ideally, this will take every day for two weeks. You can complete this section WITHOUT having the above mentioned resources. 3. Read and complete all exercises in Part Three, Resource Trailhead. You can do this at the same time as Part Two. We recommend doing both at the same time, if you can afford more than an hour each day. If you do them at the same time, the book will take you two to three weeks to finish. If you do Parts Two and Three separately, it may take you four to six weeks. 4. If you choose to get certified for your work by Wilderness Awareness School, see the “Kamana One Field Pack” form toward the end of this book for a detailed list of what to mail in. This is now a free service. If this form is missing, you may download it at www.kamana.org. If this is a library book or it belongs to someone else, you may want to write your responses on your own paper. If you want to continue to the next level, Kamana Two, send in the registration form, the page at the end of this book, and we’ll get you started right away. Additional forms are available at www. kamana.org. You can also order it today at www.WildernessAwareness.org. If you need help with Kamana One, join our on-line student community at www.kamana.org. C Please write NEATLY in INK (Blue or Black) www.kamana.org E N M XPLORING ATURAL YSTERY K O AMANA NE written by Jon Young © Copyright 2001 Jon Young Kamana One: Exploring Natural Mystery Written by Jon Young, with Paul Houghtaling and Matt Wild Production/Layouts by John Gallagher Artwork by Walker Korby © 2001-2007 Jon Young. All rights reserved. Kamana Naturalist Training Program Author: Jon Young Design consultant: Ingwe Design Editor & Program Director: John Gallagher Writers and Editors: Paul Houghtaling, Matt Wild, Alex Callen, Ellen Haas, Linda Cunio, Dan Gardoqui, Jeff Lambe, Jonathan Talbott, Doniga Murdoch, Cara Burrow, Kelly Ann Moore, Jessica Perkins Artist: Walker Korby Kamana One: Exploring Natural Mystery, First printing: July 2001 © 2001 Jonathan R. Young ISBN 1-57994-008-0 Kamana Naturalist Training Program and Derivative Works © 1996 by Jonathan R. Young Jon Young’s Kamana Certification Program and Derivative Works © 1995 by Jonathan R. Young Shikari Tracker Training Program and Derivative Works © 1998 by Jonathan R. Young No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Making copies of any part of this book for any purpose other than your own personal use is a violation of United States copyright laws. This book is part of the Kamana Naturalist Training Program, which is published by Owlink Media. The Kamana Naturalist Training Program logo is a registered trademark. The Owlink Media logo is a registered trademark.. Owlink Media formed to help Our World Learn (OWL) through all forms of media, broadcasting and publishing utilizing succesful techniques gained from the art of mentoring. If you are interested in finding out more about Owlink Media, please visit at www.OwlinkMedia.com. Wilderness Awareness School is a division of The Awareness Society, a Nonprofit Corporation, recognized as a Federal Tax Exempt organization under I.R.S. code section 501(c)(3). The Wilderness Awareness School logo is a registered trademark. Wilderness Awareness School does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, creed, national or ethnic origin, or sexual orientation. Information about the Kamana Naturalist Training Program and all Wilderness Awareness School programs may be obtained at www.WildernessAwareness.org or www.Kamana.org Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 DEDICATION 3 Without hesitation, the first and foremost to whom this work and this school are dedicated are the children of today, their children, and the future children for the next seven generations to come on this Earth… A s Design Editor and Program Director of the Kamana Naturalist Training Program, I would like to welcome you into Wilderness Awareness School. You’ll hear all you need to hear about this course later on, so I’ll just skip to the “special thanks.” I would like to honor program creator Jon Young (who put two decades of work into this even before he laid his hands on the keyboard!); curriculum co-creator and elder Ingwe (who shared with us wisdom, stories and teach- ings that gave our school a foundation and a mission); Consulting Editor Tom Brown, Jr. for all his contributions; Jake Swamp; writers and editors Alex Callen, Ellen Haas, Linda Cunio, Matt Wild, Dan Gardoqui, Jeff Lambe, Cara Burrow, Jessica Perkins, Kelly Ann Moore, and Paul Houghtaling (special thanks to Paul for his dedication and the challenging work of re-designing the Resource Trail); artist Walker Korby; original Kamana team member Kirstin Young; Former and present CFPA members Diane Marie, Walt Hoesel and Warren Moon; former school director Debbie Winters; the many Student Service instructors over the years including Aidan Young, Tyler Hartford, Jenn Jacobson, Barbara English, and Greg Sommer. And last, because he deserves the attention, Jonathan Talbott. Not only was Jonathan the first graduate and a contributing writer and artist, but he was also the very first student services instructor who helped many navigate their way through Kamana. Finally, thank you to all of our students, community, past and present Board of Trustee members, all those who will contribute to Kamana in the future, and anyone whom I may have forgotten. Once again, welcome to Wilderness Awareness School’s Independent Studies. May your Kamana journey be a rewarding experience. John Manus Gallagher Design Editor & Program Director, Kamana Naturalist Training Program C ONTENTS Ohen:ton Karihwatehkwen; The “Words Before All Else”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Part One: The Kamana Songli .n .e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii Chapter One: Introducing Wilderness Awareness School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Chapter Two: Introducing Your Instructors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Chapter Three: An Old Story . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Chapter Four: Strategy for Taking This Kind of Course . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Part Two: Nature Awareness Trailhe .a .d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Day 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Day 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Day 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Day 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Day 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Day 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Day 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Day 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Day 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Day 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Day 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Day 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Day 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Day 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Part Three: Resource Trailhe…ad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116 Chapter One: Welcome to Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118 Chapter Two: A Little Bit of Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122 Chapter Three: Adventures In The Back Yard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136 Chapter Four: A Way To See . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148 Chapter Five: The Movable Feast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164 Chapter Six: Step Back And Take A Closer Look . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182 Chapter Seven: The History of Your Landscape. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .196 Chapter Eight: Learning To See The Forest And The Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . .206 Chapter Nine: A Universal Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Chapter Ten: Wrapping the Bundle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240 Appendix A: The Tourist Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246 Appendix B: Invitation to Continue with Kamana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272