FIQH SERIES. AROUSING THE INTELLECTS WITH AN EXPLANATION OF UMDATUL-AHKAAM 'THE BOOK OF ZAKAH AND FASTING” IMAAM TAQIYY-UD-DEEN 'ABDUL GHANI BIN 'ABDUL WAAHID BIN AU AL-MAQDISEE EXPLANATION OF UMDATUL-AHKAAM BY: SHAYKH MUHAMMAD BIN SALEH AL-'UTHAYMEEN © Maktabatulirshad Publications, USA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any language, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, whether electronic, mechanic, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without express permission of the copyright owner. ISBN: 978-1-4675-7948-3 First Edition: Shaban 1434 A.H. / June 2013 C.E. Cover Design: Strictly Sunnah Designs E-mail: [email protected] Translation of (Book of Fasting) by: Aboo Ruqayyah Raha Ibn Donald Batts Translation of (Book of Zakah) by: Ihsan Ibn Gerald Gonsalves Revision of Translation by: Rasheed Ibn Estes Barbee Typesetting and Editing: Aboo Sulaymaan Muhammad ‘Abdul- Azim bin Joshua Baker Printed with permission of Maktabatulirshad by: Dar-us-Salaam 486 Atlantic Ave. Brooklyn, NY 11217 Tel: 1 (718) 625-5925 Fax: 1 (718)625-1511 E-Mail: [email protected] www. darussalamny. net Printing: Sanatech Printers, NY Subject: Fiqh Website: www.maktabatulirshad.webs.com E-mail: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR OF TJMDATUL-AHKAAM ... 7 BIOGRAPHY OF THE EXPLAINER OF ‘UMDATUL-AHKAAM ................................................................................... 13 BOOK OF AZ-ZAKAH.................................................... 19 THE FIRST HADITH.......................................................23 Explanation...............................................................24 THE SECOND HADITH..................................................34 Explanation...............................................................34 THE THIRD HADITH......................................................38 Explanation...............................................................38 THE FOURTH HADITH...................................................42 Explanation...............................................................42 THE FIFTH HADITH.......................................................46 Explanation...............................................................47 THE SIXTH HADITH.......................................................56 Explanation...............................................................58 CHAPTER: SADAQAH AL-FITR.......................................70 THE FIRST HADITH.......................................................71 Explanation...............................................................73 THE SECOND HADITH..................................................78 Explanation............................................................... 79 THE BOOK OF FASTING .................................. 84 THE FIRST HADEETH .......................................86 Explanation...............................................................87 THE SECOND HADEETH .................................. 91 Explanation...............................................................91 THE THIRD HADEETH ......................................95 Explanation...............................................................96 THE FOURTH HADEETH .................................100 EXPLANATION......................................................... 100 THE FIFTH HADEETH ......................................106 Explanation..............................................................106 THE SIXTH HADEETH ......................................112 Explanation............................................................. 113 THE SEVENTH HADEETH...............................116 Explanation............................................................. 117 CHAPTER: FASTING WHILE TRAVELING AND OTHER THAN IT .......................................125 THE FIRST HADEETH ......................................127 Explanation............................................................ 127 THE SECOND HADEETH .................................131 Explanation..............................................................131 THE THIRD HADEETH .....................................134 Explanation..............................................................134 THE FOURTH HADEETH .................................140 Explanation............................................................ 141 THE FIFTH HADEETH ......................................145 Explanation............................................................ 146 THE SIXTH HADEETH ......................................150 Explanation..............................................................151 THE SEVENTH HADEETH...............................153 Explanation............................................................ 154 THE EIGHTH HADEETH ..................................157 Explanation............................................................ 158 THE NINTH HADEETH......................................163 Explanation..............................................................163 THE TENTH HADEETH.....................................166 Explanation..............................................................166 THE ELEVENTH HADEETH ............................169 Explanation..............................................................170 C H A PTE R:TH E BEST FAST AND OTHER THAN I T ..................................................................175 THE FIRST HADEETH ......................................176 Explanation............................................................ 177 THE SECOND HADEETH .................................187 Explanation............................................................ 187 THE THIRD HADEETH .....................................191 Explanation............................................................ 191 THE FOURTH HADEETH .................................195 Explanation..............................................................195 THE FIFTH HADEETH .................................... 199 Explanation............................................................ 199 THE SIXTH HADEETH ..................................... 202 Explanation............................................................. 202 THE SEVENTH HADEETH...............................206 Explanation.............................................................207 THE EIGHTH HADEETH ..................................211 Explanation.............................................................211 CHAPTER: L A Y L AT U L - Q A D A R ......................214 THE FIRST HADEETH ..................................... 216 Explanation.............................................................216 THE SECOND HADEETH .................................221 Explanation.............................................................221 THE THIRD HADEETH .................................... 224 Explanation.............................................................225 CHAPTER: AL-I’TIKAAF ..................................231 THE FIRST HADEETH ..................................... 233 Explanation.............................................................235 THE SECOND HADEETH .................................239 Explanation.............................................................240 THE THIRD HADEETH ....................................244 Explanation.............................................................246 THE FOURTH HADEETH .................................250 Explanation.............................................................252 AROUSING THE INTELLECTS WITH AN EXPLANATION OF UMDATUL-AHKAAM THE BOOK OF ZAKAH & FASTING BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR OF ‘UMDATUL- AHKAAM His lineage: He is Al-Imam Al-Haafidh Taqiyy-ud-Deen Abu Muhammad ‘Abdul-Ghani Bin ‘Abdul-Waahid Bin ‘Ali Bin Suruur Bin Raafi’ Bin Hasan Bin Ja’far Al- Maqdisee Al-Jamma’eelee then Ad-Damashqee. His birth and upbringing: He was born in Jamma’eel, in the land of Nablas in 541 AH and his lineage can be traced back to Bayt-ul-Maqdas because of closeness Jamma’eel to it and because Nablas and all of its duties was among annexes of Bayt-ul-Maqdas. Afterwards, he moved with his family from Bayt-ul- Maqdas to Masjid Abi Saleh outside of the east gate of the city of Damashaq first, and then his family moved to the mountain slope of Qaasiyuun. So they built a home which included a number of big private rooms, and it was called Dar-ul-Hanabilah. Then they began building the first school in Qaasiyuun, and it was it known as a life-time school. This surrounding, which they lived in good, was known in regard to them because they were among people of religious knowledge and righteousness. His scholarly life: Al-Haafidh ‘Abdul-Ghani turned to seeking religious knowledge at an early age. So he became a pupil in his youth under the head of his family, Al-‘Allamah Al-Faadil Shaykh Muhammad Bin BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHOR OF TJMDATUL- AHKAAM Ahmad Bin Qudaamah Al-Maqdisee Abu ‘Umar; then, he became a pupil under the scholars of Damashaq. So he acquired knowledge of Fiqh and other than that of the sciences from them. His scholastic journeys: he had scholarly journeys, which he traveled, through many places. It was heard of that he was in Damashaq, Alexandria, Bayt-ul- Maqdas, Egypt, Baghdad, Harran 1 , Asbahaan 2 , Hamedan3, and others. He traveled to Baghdad and Egypt twice. His journey to Damashaq was when he was young in 550AH (i.e. He was 9 years old). So he learned from the scholars there. Among them were Abu Al-Makaarim Bin Hilal, Salmaan Bin ‘Ali ArRuhTiee, Abu Abdillah Muhammad Bin Hamzah Al-Qurashi and others. Then he journeyed to Baghdad in 561 AH along with his cousin, from his maternal uncle, Shaykh Al-Muwafiq. So they both resided in Baghdad for four years, and Al- Muwafiq’s desire was for Fiqh and Al-Haafidh ‘Abdul- Ghani’s desire was for Hadith. 1 Harran was a major city in Upper Mesopotamia whose site is near the modern village of Altinbasak, Turkey, 24 miles southeast of Sanliurfa. The location is in a district of Sanliurfa Province that is also named “Harran”. 2 Asbahaan or called Ispahan is the capital of Isfahan Province in Iran, located about 340 km south of Tehran. 3 Hamedan is the capital city of Hamadan Province of West Iran. Hamedan is believed to be among the oldest Iranian cities and one of the oldest in the world. AROUSING THE INTELLECTS WITH AN EXPLANATION OF TJMDATUL-AHKAAM THE BOOK OF ZAKAH 86 FASTING So they both lived with Shaykh ‘Abdul-Qaadir Al- Jilaani and he would keep an eye on them, and treat them excellent. They both studied some matters of Hadith and Fiqh under him. Shaykh Al-Muwafiq gave an account that they both resided with him for about 40 days then he passed away and that both of them studied under him every day two lessons of Fiqh, and he (i.e. Shaykh al-Muwafiq) would read from the book uAl-Kharaq{’ from memory and Al-Haafidh would read from the book “Al-Hidiyaah”. Then Al-Haafidh journeyed in 566AH (i.e. He was 25 years old) to Egypt and Alexandria and resided there for a period in which he learned from Al-Haafidh As- Sil’fee. Then he returned to Damashaq and then he journeyed to Alexandria again in 570AH and resided there for three years, and he learned from Al-Haafidh As-Sil’fee, Abu Muhammad Bin Baree An-Nawee. Then he returned to Damashaq. Afterwards, he traveled to Asbahaan and resided there for a period, and he learn from a lot of the scholars there. He also studied in Hamedan then he returned to Damashaq, and he did not cease in copying books, compiling (books), reporting (Ahaadeeth), benefiting the Muslims, and worshipping Allah until Allah took his soul upon that. His memorization/memory: Al-Haafidh Ad-Diyaa’ said, “Our Shaykh Al-Haafidh use to not be asked