Essentials of Nursing Leadership and Management i TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk ❖ ❖ ❖ Essentials of Nursing Leadership and Management ❖ RUTH M. TAPPEN, EdD, RN, FAAN Christine E. Lynn Eminent Scholar and Professor College of Nursing Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, Florida SALLY A. WEISS, EdD, RN Associate Professor of Nursing Broward Community College Pembroke Pines, Florida DIANE K. WHITEHEAD, EdD, RN Department Head, Nursing Broward Community College Davie, Florida F. A. DAVIS COMPANY • Philadelphia iii F. A. Davis Company 1915 Arch Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 www.fadavis.com Copyright © 2001 by F. A. Davis Company Copyright © 1998, by F. A. Davis Company. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, elec- tronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America Last digit indicates print number: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Acquisitions Editor:Melanie Freely Cover Designer:Louis J. Forgione As new scientific information becomes available through basic and clinical research, recommended treat- ments and drug therapies undergo changes. The author(s) and publisher have done everything possible to make this book accurate, up to date, and in accord with accepted standards at the time of publication. The author(s), editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for consequences from appli- cation of the book, and make no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to the contents of the book. Any practice described in this book should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used in regard to the unique circumstances that may apply in each situation. The reader is advised always to check product information (package inserts) for changes and new information regarding dose and contraindications before administering any drug. Caution is especially urged with using new or infrequently ordered drugs. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tappen, Ruth M. Essentials of nursing leadership and management / Ruth M. Tappen, Sally A. Weiss, Diane K. Whitehead. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8036-0817-9 1. Nursing services—Administration. 2. Leadership. I. Weiss, Sally A., 1950– . II. Whitehead, Diane K., 1945– . III. Title. RT89 .T357 2001 362.1'73'068—dc21 2001017399 Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by F. A. Davis Company for users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, provided that the fee of $.10 per copy is paid directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is: 8036-0817/01 0 + $.10. iv ❖ To our teachers, students, colleagues, and mentors, who continue to enrich our lives. ❖ To our husbands and children for the joy they bring to our lives. ❖ v TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk ❖ ❖ ❖ Preface We are delighted to bring our readers this second edition of Essentials of Nursing Leadership and Management. We designed our textbook to help the new gradu- ate make the transition to professional nursing practice. This textbook focuses on the staff nurse as a vital member of the healthcare team and manager of patient care. As a manager of care, the staff nurse must have the knowledge and skills necessary to make decisions on setting priorities, delegation, quality improve- ment, legal parameters of nursing practice, and ethical issues confronting nursing today. Based on input from students, faculty, and reviewers, we enhanced the topic of delegation and included these issues as a separate chapter. We updated the chapter on workplace issues and included the most recent information on and rel- evant examples of latex allergies, needlestick injuries, and back injuries. This book also provides comprehensive, practical information on developing a nursing career. Workplace issues such as change, conflict management, safety, stress, burnout, and cultural diversity are addressed in an easy-to-understand style. It is our hope that this textbook will assist new graduates in developing their professional roles in the ever-changing healthcare environment We would like to thank the people at F. A. Davis and Innovation Publication Services for their assistance and all the reviewers for their helpful suggestions. Ruth Tappen Sally A. Weiss Diane K. Whitehead vii TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk ❖ ❖ ❖ Reviewers Janice S. DuBrueler, RN, MSN Mary Ellen Howell, RNC, BSN, MSN Assistant Professor Instructor Shenandoah University Medical University of South Carolina Winchester, Virginia Satellite at Francis Marion University Florence, South Carolina Deb Filer, RN, BSN, MSN, ABD Dean of Nursing Thomas Petricini, RN, BS, BSN, MSN Northland Community &Technical College Instructor Thief River Falls, Minnesota SRHS School of Nursing Sharon, Pennsylvania Rebecca J. Gessler, RN, BSN, MSNc Instructor Fannie Jean Spencer, RN, MSN Saint Mary College Chair, Department of Nursing Saint Catherine, Kentucky Saint Catherine College Saint Catherine, Kentucky Winifred Guariglia, RN, BA, BSN, MA, MSN, GS, GNP Bruce Wilson, RN, BSN, MSN, PhD Associate Professor Associate Professor Bergen Community College University of Texas Paramus, New Jersey Edinburg, Texas ix