Essential Series Springer-Verlag London Ltd. Also in this se ries: John Cowell David Thew Essential Visual Basic 5.0 fast Essential Access 2000 fast 3-540-76148-9 1-85233-295-6 Duncan Reed and Peter Thomas lan Palmer Essential HTML fast Essential Java 3D fast 3-540-76199-3 1-85233-394-4 John Hunt Matthew Norman Essential JavaBeans fast Essential ColdFusion fast 1-85233-032-5 1-85233-315-4 John Vince lan Chivers Essential Virtual Reality fast Essential Linux fast 1-85233-012-0 1-85233-408-8 John Cowell Fiaz Hussain Essential Visual J++ 6.0 fast Essential Flash 5.0 fast 1-85233-013-9 1-85233-451-7 John Cowell John Vince Essential Java 2 fast Essential Mathematics for 1-85233-07l-6 Computer Graphics fast 1-85233-380-4 John Cowell Essential Visual Basic 6.0 fast John Cowell 1-85233-07l-6 Essential VB. NET fast 1-85233-591-2 lan Chivers Essential Visual C++ 6.0 fast Aladdin Ayesh 1-85233-170-4 Essential UML fast 1-85233-413-4 John Vince Essential Computer Animation fast Fiaz Hussain 1-85233-141-0 Essential Dreamweaver 4.0 fast Aladdin Ayesh 1-85233-573-4 Essential Dynamic HTML fast 1-85233-626-9 Simon Stoba rt Essential PHPfast Building Dynamic Web Sites with MySQL Springer Simon Stobart, BA (Hons), PhD, MBCS, CEng School of Computing, Engineering and Technology University of Sunderland St Peter's Campus St Peter's Way Sunderland SR6 ODD Series Editor John Cowell, BSc (Hons), MPhil, PhD Department of Computer Science, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LEI 9BH British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Stobart, Simon Essential PHP fast: building dynamie Web sites with MySQL. - (Essential series) 1. MySQL (Computer file) 2. PHP (Computer program language) 3. Web sites - Design I. Title 11. PHP fast 005.7'2 ISBN 978-1-85233-578-6 ISBN 978-1-4471-0209-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-0209-0 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographie reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. Essential series ISSN 1439-975X ISBN 978-1-85233-578-6 http://www.springer.co.uk © Springer-Verlag London 2002 Originally published by Springer-Verlag London Limited in 2002 The use of registered names, trademarks etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Typeset by Mac Style Ltd, Scarborough, N. Yorkshire 34/3830-543210 Printed on acid-free paper SPIN 10863175 For Liz, Gemma and Hayley With special thanks to John Richings and Erling Bjornsen Contents 1. INTRODUCTION........................................ 1 Introduction 2 WhyPHPandMySOl? 2 IsthisBookforYou? 3 HowtoUsethisBook 4 2. CREATINGA TYPICALPHP DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT.......................................... 7 Introduction 8 WebBrowser 8 WebServer 10 PHP 15 TextEditor 15 Database 16 Summary 16 3. INTRODUCING PHP.......... 17 Introduction 18 ASimpleHTMlDocument.................................................................................................. 18 FirstPHPScript................................................................................................................... 19 TheHistoryofPHP 22 StaticandDynamicWebPages _......................................................... 22 HowIsPHPDifferent? 23 FormattingPHPInstructions 25 JumpingInandOutofPHP 25 EchoandPrintStatements 26 CommentStatements 27 Summary 28 4. VARIABLES: INTEGER AND FLOATING-POINT DJlT~ T~IC~ ••....••.........•........••••••••.••••••••••• 31 Introduction 32 WhatIsaVariable? 32 AssigningaVariablebyValue 33 AssigningaVariablebyReference 34 DifferentTypesofVariables 36 Essential PHP fast Integers.............................................................................................................................. 37 Floating-PointNumbers 39 Summary 41 5. VARIABLES: STRINGS 43 Introduction 44 SingleQuotedStrings......................................................................................................... 44 DoubleQuotedStrings 45 VariablesinStrings............................................................................................................. 46 JoiningStrings 47 ReferencingCharactersinaString...................................................................................... 48 Stringlength 50 ConvertingStrings.............................................................................................................. 51 Summary 53 6. ACCESSING ENVIRONMENT AND PHP "Jl~I3L~S Sf) Introduction 56 PredefinedVariables........................................................................................................... 56 EnvironmentVariables........................................................................................................ 57 PHPVariables 60 Summary 61 7. INVESTIGATING EXPRESSIONS, OPERANDS AND OPERATORS..... 63 Introduction 64 Expressions......................................................................................................................... 65 Operators 66 Operands 66 ArithmeticOperators 67 TheAssignmentOperator 68 BitManipulationOperators 70 ComparisonOperators 73 TheConditionalOperator 73 IncrementandDecrementoperators.................................................................................. 74 logicalOperators................................................................................................................ 76 OperatorPrecedence 77 Summary 79 8. CONTROLLING THE FLOWOF CONTROL.. 81 Introduction 82 Sequence,SelectionandIteration 82 Contents TheifStatement................................................................................................................. 84 TheelseStatement............................................................................................................. 85 TheelseifStatement 87 Thewhileloop 88 Thedowhileloop 90 Theforloop 91 Nestedloops 94 BreakingOutofloops 96 ThecontinueStatement 97 TheswitchStatement 98 Summary 101 9. INTERACTINGWITH THE USER 103 Introduction 104 PHPandForms................................................................................................................... 104 SimpleFormProcessing 104 GETandPOSTMethods 107 CombiningPHPandForms................................................................................................. 107 RetainingFormFieldData 110 InteractingwithaPHPApplication 113 Summary 115 10. ARRAYS 117 Introduction 118 Single-DimensionalArrays 118 Multi-DimensionalArrays................................................................................................... 121 ArraysandtheforeachLoop............................................................................................... 125 StringsandArrays 126 CombinationArrays 127 ManipulatingArraysatRunTime 129 Summary 131 11. THE MYSQL DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 133 Introduction 134 WhatIsMySQl? 134 StartingtheDatabase 135 CreatingaDatabase 136 DroppingaDatabase 139 HidingtheWinMySQLadminApplication 140 CreatingDatabaseTables.................................................................................................... 140 Essential PUP fast SelectingaMySQLDatabase 142 CreatingDatabaseTablesfromaDumpFile........................................................................ 145 DroppingMySQLDatabasesandTables 147 QuittingMySQL.................................................................................................................. 147 Summary 147 12. ACCESSING MYSQL DATABASES USING »III? 1~~ Introduction 150 ASimplePHPScripttoDisplayDatabaseRecords............................................................... 150 AccessingMultipleRecordsbyRecordNumber 153 AccessingMultipleRecordsbyColumnName..................................................................... 154 CheckingfortheExistenceofRecords 156 SearchingforSpecificRecords 157 UsingHyperLinkstoSelectRecords 159 UsingaFormtoSelectRecords 161 UsingaFormtoSearchonDifferentFields......................................................................... 163 AddingRecords 166 DeletingRecords 169 UpdatingRecords 171 Summary 173 13. IMPLEMENTING FUNCTIONS 175 Introduction 176 AdvantagesofFunctions 176 ASimpleFunction 177 MorePowertoFunctions:UsingArguments 180 FunctionswithMultipleParameters 182 FunctionsandLocalVariables............................................................................................. 184 ArgumentsPassedbyValue................................................................................ 185 ArgumentsPassedbyReference......................................................................................... 186 DefaultArgumentValues 188 ReturningaValuefromaFunction 189 FunctionCallsWithinFunctions 192 Summary 194 14. ~()()~~~ . 195 Introduction . 196 LimitationsofCookies .. 196 SettingaCookie . 196 ViewingaCookie .. 198 DeletingaCookie .. 199 Contents UsingCookiestoPersonalizePages 199 Summary 201 15. FILE HANDLING 203 Introduction 204 OpeningaFile 204 ClosingaFile 205 ReadingCharactersfromaFile 206 TheEndofFileFunction 209 ReadingLinesfromaFile 209 ReadingaRemoteFile 211 WritingtoaFile.................................................................................................................. 213 Summary 214 16. CLASSES AND OBJECTS 215 Introduction 216 ASimpleClass 217 AccessinganObject'sVariables........................................................................................... 220 MultipleObjectsofaClass.................................................................................................. 222 Constructors 224 ArraysofObjects 225 ObjectsinObjects............................................................................................................... 226 Inheritance 230 Summary 233 17. FURTHER INFORMATION RESOURCES 235 Introduction 236 ThePHPManual................................................................................................................. 236 ThePHPOnlineManualandFAQ 237 TheMySQLManual............................................................................................................. 238 TheMySQLOnlineManualandFAQ.................................................................................... 239 OtherOnlineResources 240 AndFinally... 241 I!fJ)It~ ....•......................................................... 2~3