E S S A Y S O N I M P E R I A L I S M I I ESSAYS ON IMPERIALISM Michael Barratt Brown SPOKESMAN BOOKS 1972 'u I Printed 'by The Russell Press Limited Set in Baskerville (IBM 72) Published by The Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation Limits d Bertrand Russell House, Gamble Street, Forest Road West, Nottingham NG7 4ET for The Spokesman Copyright© The Spokesman 1972 I . Certain states were made over to King Cogzdumnus, who has maintained his unswerving loyalty right down to our own times, it being the ancient and . . . . . . . . . . . . of now Kong established custom the Romans to make even kings the instruments of subjection. . . . Formerly they had (only) a single king, now two of were imposed upon them, whom one, the governor, was to exercise his cruelty upon their lives, other, the imperzlzzl agent, upon their . property; Tacitus Agricola, 14 & 15. 1. Preface and Acknowledgements These four essays are held together by three links: first by the fact that they have a common theme, second that they were written within a few months of each other and thirdly that they show different aspects of a particular view of imperialism that I have come to hold. Only the first essay has been previously published in English. This essay is a slightly cut version of a paper delivered to a sym- posium at Oxford held in the Spring of 1970 and appears in ~a volume of essays on Theories of Imperialism edited by Roger Owen and Bob Sut- cliffe. I am extremely grateful to Messrs. Longmans for permission to publish this essay in this volume. The second essay forms the Preface to a Spanish translation of After Imperialism published in South America by Ediciones Signos to whom I am most grateful for permission to publish here. The third essay was presented to a Conference organised at Elsinore i.n the Spring of 1971 by the Danish Institute for Peace and Conflict Research. The last essay is based on a paper read at the john HopkinS Centre in Bologna also in the Spring of 1971. Neither of these bodies should be held responsible for any of the views expressed in the last two essays. 7 Contents I Critique of Marxist Theories of Imperialism II II The Stages of Imperialism 59 III Imperialism and Working Class Interests in the Developed Countries 79 IV .E.C. and Neo-Colonialism in Wiling Africa 137