DOCUMENT RESUME ED 370 602 YR 055 055 AUTHOR Beauchamp, Darrel G.; And Others TITLE Visual Literacy in the Digital Age: Selected Readings from the Annual Conference of the International Visual Literacy Association (25th, Rochester, New York, October 13-17, 1993). INSTITUTION International Visual Literacy Association. REPORT NO ISBN-0-945829-08-6 PUB DATE 94 NOTE 521p.; For individual papers, see IR 055 001-054. For the 1992 proceedings, see ED 363 280. Association (25th, Rochester, New York, October 13-17, 1993); see IR AVAILABLE FROM International Visual Literacy Association, Educational Technologies, Virginia Polytechni.L. Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0232 ($25; quantity price negotiable). PUB TYPE Collected Works Conference Proceedings (021) EDRS PRICE MF02/PC21 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Art Education; Art Teachers; Computer Assisted Instruction; Cultural Activities; Elementary Secondary Education; *Graphic Arts; Higher Education; Hypermedia; Illustrations; Information Technology; Visual Aids; *Visual Arts; Visual Environment; *Visual Learning; *Visual Literacy ABSTRACT This document contains selected papers from the 25th annual conference of the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA). Topics addressed in the papery include the following: visual literacy; graphic information in research and education; evaluation criteria for instructional media; understanding symbols in business presentations; multimedia; image ethics; digital images; visual information strategies; screen design; color preference; deep viewing; mythological symbols; visual thinking skills; digital technologies; identifying visually gifted young children; representation of culture in children's picture books; adult learning; humorous visuals in computer-based instruction; virtual reality tools for learning; the impact of Channel One school newscasts; Civil War photography; technology and the art curriculum; and computer mediated instruction. Also included are bibliographies of IVLA publications from 1983-93. (JLB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** . U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION VISUAL Office of Educattonal Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) LITERACY (-1 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or orgamzation ornating it C Minor changes have been made to Improve in the reproduction Quality Point:- of view or opinions stated in this docu- went do not necessarily represent official Digital Age OE RI position or pohcy ,........e. .1 ,,..,...... o. I 41 0 6 0 . 4 . 1 i 1 *4, :1 114 0 II °. t 4 f 04 15161 IP% , , et, . i 0 0 0 5000 `..e. it . - . , 41 6 1 bee 6. f 0 / t Oa I I 140- Selected Readings from the 25th Annual Conference of the International Visual Literacy Association -PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS BY MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED Edited by Pk-tiCe- Darrell G. Beauchamp Roberts A. Braden TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Judy Clerk Baca INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ® The International Visual Literacy Association, 1994 r1 BEST COPY AVAILliki ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Every work, whether done in solitude or as part of a group, is a work of many. Without the help of many people, this book This book of readings is no different. without the would not have been possible. Also, this book might have been different conception and birth. Among the many many events which took place in between its personal events are a great many public ones, including the great blizzards of 93-94 (which found many of our authors without many of the essentials of life), the great floods in the Mid West (which soaked many of our members) and the great earthquake still managed of 1994 (which shook some of our members out of bed). Somehow we to get it together and get it out. in the The editors would like to acknowledge the assistance of many individuals participated preparation of the book. In particular express our thanks to the people who Sucy, Dick Ball, in the proposal screening and conference activities: Jim Sucy, Anna volume are all edited Tom Lightfoot, and Mike Krembal. Since the papers in this debt is owed versions of presentations at the Rochester IVLA conference, an enormous work and dedication to excellence and iD Conference Chairman Bary Siegal for his hard for providing the initial link to the authors. four people, it was Because we wanted every paper to be read and edited by Once again, the members editorial assistance. necessary for the three editors to seek wonderful input from four individuals without came through. In particular, we received designated them as... whom this whole thing would not have been possible. We have ASSOCIATE EDITORS Beverly Braden Bob Griffin J. Mark Hunter Dennis Pett Our and co-wotkers. And finally, any large project puts strains on family, friends (for patience), Beverly special thanks go out to Jan, Cody, and Casey Beauchamp (who re-taught word Braden (for wonderful care and support), Linda Blatchley typing, making phone processing skills to one of the forgetful editors), Eileen Kato (for print Mac papers), Dana calls and tracking things down), Sandra Dowd (for helping of us in need) and Pris Brewer (computer guru who always finds time to help those novice learning how to fly Hardin (for playing long distance air traffic controller to a and "Ok, now, do you see the little trashcan a Mac: "oops, what do you mean oops? icon, don't get anywhere near that..."). To all of these, and the many we did not name: Thank you. 3 VISUAL LITERACY IN THE \ DIGITAL AGE 04,, IIelir 49, le, 11,8 ( ) 0 IA iii;i::**:: . 9 ... I 19. , 00.....,,,,. . . r - . - , ; 1,,,, e . t .. er Cathychow :I), . About the Cover Artist Cathy Chow's award winning graphic design (prepared for the conference literature) serves as the basis for what we hope is a dynamic, yet elegantly simple cover. Ms. Chow's "Visual Literacy in the Ditigal Age" graphic won a national award for graphic design in the "Creativity '93" competition in "Art Direction" magazine. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Beauchamp, Darrell G., Robetts A. Braden and Judy Clark Baca Visual Literacy in the Digital Age International Visual Literacy Association, Blacksburg, VA. I. Visual Literacy 2. Learning-Visual 3. Visual Communications ISBN 0-945829-08-6 1994 LB 1068.V68 Table of Contents Twenty-Five Years of Visual Literacy Research Roberts A. Braden 1 Fifteen Reasons to Study Visual Literacy Ronald E. Sutton 15 A Theoretical Framework for Diagrams and Information Graphics in Research and Education Pris Hardin 20 From Color Code to Color Cue: Remembering Graphic Information Peggy A. P. Pruisner 26 Tarnished Silver: Technology Images as History Peny E. Greene Rhonda S. Robinson Beth A. Weigmann 33 Using Symbols in Business Presentations: How Well are they Understood? Robert E. Griffin 40 Multimedia: Promise, Reality and Future David M.(Mike) Moore Robert J. Myers John K. Burton 50 Universal Pragmatics: A Critical Approach to Image Ethics Robert L. Craig 61 Using Digital Image Elements to Produce Schematic Pictures Rune Pettersson 73 Visual Information Strategies in Mental Model Development Jeffrey M. Renk Robert C. Branch Echeol Chang 81 Aesthetics and Screen Design: An Integration of Principles Brenda Bannan Haag Wendy Snetsigner 92 Att. White Letters on Colored Backgrounds LegibiliO, and Preference Dennis Pett 98 Understanding Visual Information Through Deep Viewing Ann Watts Pailliotet 102 Screen Design: A Review of Research Prachee Mukherjee Gerald S. Edmonds 112 A Dialogue About Mythological Symbols from the Campfire to the Digital Age Barbara Seels Barbara Fredette 119 Multimedia and Hypermedia: Invitation for Discussion Ora Silverstein 126 Visual Thinking Skills fir the Digital Age Dennis M. Dake 131 Exploring the Hyper-Environment for Elementary Children Beth A. Wiegmann 145 The impact of Digital Technologies on the Elementary School Classroom Laurie Ruberg Glenda Rose Scales Jan Nespor 151 A Middle School's Experience with Hypermedia and Problem-Based Learning Robert J. Myers Steven L. Purcell Jamie 0. Little William E. Jaber 137 Issues in Identifi,ing Visually Gifled Young Children Barbara Fredette 168 Children's Response to Silhouette Illustrations in Picture Books Betty P. Cleaver Pamela Scheurer Mary E. Shorey 178 Representation of Culture in Children's Picture Books Anne Drolett Creany Richard A. Couch 188 Edward J. Caropreso Changing Images of Alice Betty P. Cleaver 195 Barbara Erdman Visual Literacy in General Education at the University of Cincinnati Hermine Feinstein 205 Robert Hagerty Integrating Visual Literacy Across the Curriculum 213 Ladislaus M. Semali Visualizing Classroom Instruction Creating Visual Images for Preservice Teacher Education Thomas E. Thompson 222 Beth A. Wiegmann Digitizing Images for Curriculum 21 227 Alice D. Walker Accommodating Technology in the Visual Literacy Classroom Carla V. Lloyd 233 Kevin G. Barnhurst Combating Computer Fear and Apprehension through Interactive Multimedia Tom Hergert 240 Glen Holmes IMSA - Enjoy the Journey 244 Jacqueline M. Layng Visual and Digital Technologies for Adult Learning 251 David G. Gueulette Use of Humorous Visuals to Enhance Computer-Based-Instruction Wendy Snetsinger 262 Barbara Grabowski Affective Response to Learning via 'Visual Metaphor' 271 LuEtt Hanson -111111111111110111M11111111111/ 7 Visualizing Technology: An Analysis of Preservice Teacher's Classroom Maps Landra L. Rezabek Deborah M. Floyd Gail A. Bauman 280 Women and the Discourses of the Visual: Where are Women in this Picture? Linda Condron Patricia O'Riley Suzanne Damarin 288 An Eclectic Approach to the Interpretation of Visual Statements Deborah Curtiss 300 Analog, Not Digital: Roots of Visual Literacy and Visual Intelligence Paul Messaris 307 Avatars, Affordances, and Interfaces: Virtual Reality Tools for Learning Hilary McLellan 316 Teaching a Semiotic Analysis of Television Commercials to Chinese College Students Ellen Elms Notar 325 The Motivational Effect of Televised Instruction on Teacher Directed Science Learning Indrani Ganguly 333 Exploring Context in the Viewing of Local TV News Charles Lewis 346 Examining the Impact of the Channel One School Newscasts Evonne H. Whitmore 357 Viewers' Contributions to a Photograph Anne L. Russell 365 Fun and Games with Photoshop: Using Image Editors to Change Photographic Meaning Richard S. Croft 374 fi om 1863-1993 Civil War Photography and Its Impact Jody M. Seels 382 Barbara A. Seels Curriculum Introduction of Technology into the Art 391 Ann S. Dana Digital Imaging The Artist, the Color Copier, and 401 Mazy Stieglitz Witte Decoding Photocopy Humor 406 Dan Kerns Mediated Teaching Merging Art and Technology: Compuler Rhonda S. Robinson 424 Linda Manlove Arts Visual Literacy Through the Visual 429 Inez L. Ramsey Layout as Political Expression: Visual Literacy and the Peruvian Press 435 Kevin G. Barnhurst 'Fried Green Tomatoes' The Appearance of Change in 448, Gretchen Bisplinghoff An IVL4 Bibliography: 1983-1994 455 Alice Walker VISUAL LITIRACY IN THE DIGITAL AGE f.ç' Ptik Author Index Kevin G. Barnhurst 233, 435 Gail A. Bauman 280 Gretchen Bisplinghoff 448 Roberts A. Braden 1 Robert C. Branch 81 John K. Burton 50 Edward J. Caropreso 188 Echeol Chang 81 Betty Cleaver 178, 195 Linda Condron 288 Richard A. Couch 188 Robert L. Craig 61 Anne Drolett Creany 188 Richard S. Croft 174 Deborah Curtiss 300 Dennis M. Dake 131 Suzanne Damarin 288 Ann S. Dana 391 Gerald Edmonds 112 Barbara Erdman 19 Hermine Feinstein 205 Deborah M. Floyd 280 Barbara W. Fredette 119, 168 Indrani Ganguly 333 Barbara Grabowski 262 Perry E. Greene 33 Robert E. Griffin 40 David G. Gueulette 251 Brenda Bannan Haag 92 Robert Hagerty 205 LuEtt Hanson 271 Pris Hardin 20 Tom Hergert 240 Glen Holmes 240 Bill Jab Ar 157 H. Dan Kerns 406 Jacqueline M. Layng 244 Charles Lewis 346 Jamie 0. Little 157 Carla V. Lloyd 233 Hilary McLellan 316 Linda Manlove 424 10