DOCUMENT RESUME ED 358 003 SO 022 945 TITLE Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad Program, 1992. China: Tradition and Transformation (Curriculum Projects). INSTITUTION National Committee on United States-China Relations, New York, N.Y. SPONS AGENCY Center for International Education (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE [Jan 93] NOTE 620p.; Compiled by the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations on behalf of the United States Department of Education in fulfillment of Fulbright-Hays requirements. For previous proceedings, see ED 340 644, ED 348 327, and ED 348 322-326. Contains wide variety of text excerpted from published sources. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) EDRS PRICE MF03/PC25 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Asian Studies; Cross Cultural Studies; *Cultural Awareness; Cultural Exchange; *Developing Nations; Economics Education; Elementary Secondary Education; Females; Foreign Countries; Geography Instruction; Higher Education; Interdisciplinary Approach; International Relations; Multicultural Education; Socialism; Social Studies; Units of Study IDENTIFIERS *China; Fulbright Hays Seminars Abroad Program ABSTRACT This collection of papers is from a seminar on China includes the following papers: "Women in China: A Curriculum Unit" (Mary Ann Backiel); "Education in Mainland China" (Deanna D. Bartels; Felicia C. Eppley); "From the Great Wall to the Bamboo Curtain: China The Asian Giant An Integrated Interdisciplinary Unit for Sixth Grade Students" (Chester Browning); Jeanne-Marie Garcia's "China: Content-Area Lessons for Students of English as a Second Language"; "Daily Life in China under a Socialist Government" (Janet Gould); "Geography Lesson Plan for Ninth Grade Students" (Elizabethann E. Grady); "A Journey through Three Chinas" (Donald 0. Greene); "Modern China: An Introduction to Issues" (Dennis Gregg); "China: Global Studies Curriculum" (Russell Y. Hamamoto); "The East Meets the West in Holiday Celebrations" (Lucy Lee); "China: Fulbright 1992" (Eunice v. Nammacher); "A Museum of Culture: A Hands-On Approach to tu.__...cultural Education" (Robert G. Shamy); "Confuscianism: Is It Alive and Well in Modern China?" (Carol Wansong); "Multi-Media Presentation Teaching Cultural Awareness to Students in Grades K-2" (Paul Weiser); "China: A Traditional Society in Transformation" (Robert B. Winkowski); and "The Chinese Economy: In Transition and Transformation" (Randy Kai-Te Young). (LBG) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** 1992 FULBRIGHT-HAYS SEMINARS ABROAD PROGRAM Tradition and Transformation China: Curriculum Projects U.S. DEPARTMENT Of EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Imprownwint EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC/ 1.4. Th.s document has been :produced as ece.ved from the (Arlon Of oquinization erigleilliKi it 0 Miner Changes have been mad, to frnINO,If renroduction Quality eGifilS Of view OcertiOnS slated 4n tett docu- Cif ment do not necessarily represent official OE RI position or policy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Li-Zio'''6 -R4 D.. kNuP TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC).- Compiled by the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations on behalf of the United States Department of Education in fulfillment of Fulbright-Hays requirements. 2 Table of Contents Mary Ann Backiel A Curriculum Unit" "Woman in China: Deanna D. Bartels "Education in Mainland China" and Felicia C. Eppley Chester Browning "From the Great Wall to the Bamboo Curtain; An Integrated, The Asian Giant. China: Interdisciplinary Unit for Sixth Grade Students" Jeanne-Marie Garcia Content-area Lessons for Students of "China: English as a Second Language" Janet Gould "Daily Life in China Under a Socialist Government" Elizabethann E. Grady "Geography Lesson Plan for Ninth Grade Students" Donald 0. Greene "A Journey through Three Chinas" Dennis Gregg An Introduction to Issues" "Modern China: Russell Y. Hamamoto Global Studies Curriculum" "China: Lucy Lee "The East Meets the West in Holiday Celebrations" Eunice H. Nammacher Fulbright - 1992" "China: A Hands-on Approach to Robert G. Shamy "A Museum of Culture: Multicultural Education" Is It Alive and Well in Modern Carol Wansong "Confucianism: China?" William J. Warner "Multi-Media Presentation Teaching Cultural Awareness to Students in Grades K-2" Paul Wieser "Everyday Life in Today's China" Robert B. Winkowski A Traditional Society in Transformation" "China: Randy Kai-Te Young In Transition and "The Chinese Economy: Transformation" (1991 Fulbright-Hays participant) ) WOMEN IN CHINA: A CURRICULUM UNIT FOR FULBRIGHT-HAYS SEMINARS ABROAD PROGRAM CHINA-1992 BY MARY ANN BACKIEL WOMEN IN CHINA Introduction Dramatic changes have occurred in the lives of Chinese women over the millenia. What cultural traditions, values, attitudes shaped the roleof women in Chinese society? How has that role changed in this century? These questions form the basis of this unit about women in China. Objectives 1. to understand how lives of Chinese women have changed over thousands of years 2. to speculate how Confucian heritage has affected women's status in Chinese society 3. to compare expectations and duties of women in old and new China 4. to understand that women's roles are culture determined 5. to locate information about contemporary life of women in China 6. to analyze information from a broad range of sources 7. to synthesize information for use in a formal paper 8. to draw conclusions from information learned STRATEGIES -ACTIVITIES 1.Video- "Small Happiness" Filmed in modern China, "Small Happiness" samples attitudes and feelings of several generations about the role of women. The birth of a female child is considered a "small happiness", a male child a "great happiness" in China. Older women look back to their early years when foot binding and arranged marriages were common, younger women tell of their victories and difficul- ties as women in modern China. -film used as anticipatory set Activity: -students chart all visual and auditory clues which differentiate between status/roles/attitudes of women in old and new China 2.Artifacts actual antique shoes for bound feet actual antique shoes of child 5-6 yrs. old for size comparison -actual modern shoes sold in China today for women whose feet were bound as young girls Activity: students will compare artifacts with own shoes speculate about reasons for this custom -identify similar procedures in our culture i.e.ear piercing,etc. -discuss how and why cultures define "beauty" for women 3.Readings - wide range of readings, both primary and spcondary, appended Activity: students will -read each selection as homework assignments -discuss readings each day in class for clarification and understanding 4.Lecture -Women and Family in China Today, Prof. Pang Li Juan, Beijing Normal University, July 4, 1992 (appended) Activity: students will -refine note taking skills 5.Video-"China's One Child Policy" This documentary shows how one village in modern China is attempting to enforce the one child per family policy with 100% It focuses on the realities of population control compliance. and the effects on women's physical and emotional well being. Activity: students will -list China's reasons for creating one child policy -list both positive and negative results of policy for people -write position paper either supporting or opposing policy (be sure hard data supports position) Resources Project 6 -involves compilation of a range of readings from both primary and secondary sources about women in China (see bibliography) Activity: students will -locate 2 readings, each from a different category: poetry, textbook, literature -locate one other source, i.e. A-V, magazine article, newspaper article, film, etc. -create formal bibliography of sources 7.Video - segments of video made in China (Backiel, Fulbright, 1992) showing child care indifferent settings, i.e. danwei nursery schools, kindergartens, both urban and rural Activity: students will observe contemporary Chinese child care systems of differing qualities -infer how quality of care affects parents, especially mothers 8.Evaluation -students will be required to -take regular quizzes -take a unit exam -write a paper comparing women's lives in old and new China- 4 pg. min. (status, roles, duties, attitudes, behaviors) typed Chinese Women and Family The social status of Chinese women I. 1. Economic status 2. Political Position Legal status 3. II. Women's educational conditions 1. Rights 2. Opportunities 3. Levels III. The status of women in the marriage and family .. 1. Status. 2. Selfawareness and satisfaction degree IV. The role of women in the household duties 1. Duties 2. Effects of the duties on women 3. The socialization of the housework V. Women and children's rearing VI. Women's problelms 1. The disequilibrium of woman's social status 2. The weakness of womaen's quality and psychological characteristics 3. Social views of woman 4. The unequalness between man and woman 5. Ways of woman's problem solving VII. Family planning policy and woman family r .0t fu a ea ke4P---- ID u / of v007-1 a ( e 4/ Ilrfr Duly WOMEN AND FAMILY CHINA TODAY Women hold up half the sky. Chairman Mao I. Economic status A. Chinese women must work,especially in cities 1. economic reasons- need the salary 2. equality waith men B. Range of jobs 1. teachers, factory workers mostly cotton products, ( silk products, clothing), shop workers, offices, administration (less frequently) . C. Salaries 1..pay equal to men for same jobs according to law actually, .higher ranking jobs done by men, therefore pays may hot be equal 3. teachers get same pay if have same degrees II.Responsibilities A. Family is woman's responsibility 1. women do all housework; cleaning, clothes, cooking, dishes, food purchases, care of elders and children 2. family is a woman's duty--very busy, work very hard 3. childbirth leave -possible to ask for 2 years -most don't, hard togo back to job 4 huSbands- perception is that southeastern men help wives more than northeastern or western men III.Early childhood A. Care 1. nursery school/kindergarten (day time only) 2. boarding kindergartens -more in the 1970s and 80s than now. 3. at least 85% of children go to kindergarten B. Quality of nursery schools and kindergartens 1. not good- generally -teachers now are very young-17 to 18 yrs. old -less responsible, kind, loving -less concerned for children's' safety, cleanliness -many are products of one child families-spoiled 2. mothers made better teachers 3. about 50% of teachers are good 4. better teachers receive higher bonuses 5. kindergartens must have a doctor or nurse on the premises IV.Child bearing leave options A. At least 3 months leave and 100% salary if only one child B. if second child, 3 months leave, 100% salary, no bonus C. In some instances, another 3-6 months and 70% pay 1.depends on danwei (work unit) D. Mothers must return to work after leave E. Child care 1. increasingly a problem 2. grandparents who live at home sit gratis 3. old days, nursery schools took 2 mos. old children- now must be 6 mos. to year 1 4. cheapest option is nursery school at place of work 5. communities run nursery schools 6. costs of care at Beijing Normal University - if both parents employed at BNU, 37-38 Yuan/month - if one parent works at BNu, 56-60 Yuan/month -if grandparent, 100-120/month 7. quality impacts fee-all are rated. .8. private care givers. are rare . . . -apartments too.smal-1.:.. -under 30 years old,..one room apartment -under 35, one bedroom apartment 9. private kindergartens -expensive, government people can afford - boarding costs, about 200 .,aan -encouraged by government, need child care IV.Rights A. Share property equally 1. court decides in cases of divorce B. Pay equal for equal jobs (de jure) C. Glass ceiling a fact 1. higher in politics, fewer women evident 2. only one female university president - famous biologist D. Bonus withheld if don't work hard, work badly E. Sexual harassment 1. not.a Chinese problem 2: no touching of women in China, a social, moral tradition V.Divorce A. On the rise 1. woman supports self, husband pays child support 2. system reverses if husband takes child B. Law may sometimes require staying in same apartment C. Children shamed when parents divorce -D. Younger women less reluctant to divorce or cohabitate VI.Education A. Females less educated B. China's MIT, 25% female C. Medical students, 45% female VII.Population Control A. Woman's.responsibility before kids born (70%) B. Man's responsibility after kids born