ENGLISH M c C a PHRASAL VERBS r t h y IN USE a n ENGLISH d O English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced is a vocabulary book for advanced ’ D Advanced learners. e l l It is primarily designed as a self-study reference and practice book but it can also be used for classroom work. The book covers many phrasal verbs useful to E N students preparing for the Cambridge CAE, CPE and IELTS examinations. G English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced L I PHRASAL VERBS S • 60 easy-to-use two-page units: phrasal verbs are presented and explained H on left-hand pages with a range of different practice exercises on right-hand P pages. H R • Presents and explains approximately 1,000 phrasal verbs in typical contexts A S using short texts, dialogues, tables and charts. A IN USE L 60 units of vocabulary • Includes error warnings to help students avoid making common mistakes. V • Provides valuable information about register, usage and collocation to help E reference and practice R students develop more natural-sounding English. B Self-study and S • Includes a comprehensive, student-friendly answer key and promotes good learning habits through study tips and follow-up tasks. IN classroom use U • Contains a Mini dictionary with easy-to-understand definitions and cross S references to units in the book. E Second Edition Also available S e c o n ENGLISH COLLOCATIONS IN USE ADVANCED d E Advanced CAMBRIDGE PHRASAL VERBS DICTIONARY d it ENGLISH VOCABULARY IN USE ADVANCED io n Michael McCarthy A Felicity O’Dell NEW NEW NEW d v COVER COVER COVER a n c e d ISBN XX ISBN XX ISBN XX Better Learning is our simple approach where deeper insights help shape richer content that drives stronger results. Discover more: cambridge.org/betterlearning ENGLISH PHRASAL VERBS IN USE 60 units of vocabulary reference and practice Self-study and classroom use Second Edition Advanced Michael McCarthy Felicity O’Dell University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 4843/24, 2nd Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, Delhi – 110002, India 79 Anson Road, #06–04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781316628096 © Cambridge University Press 2017 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2007 Second Edition 2017 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in Dubai by Oriental Press A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-316-62809-6 Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Information regarding prices, travel timetables and other factual information given in this work is correct at the time of first printing but Cambridge University Press does not guarantee the accuracy of such information thereafter. Contents Acknowledgements 3 Functions Using this book 4 22 Supporting and opposing people or views 48 Learning about phrasal verbs 23 Agreeing 50 1 Phrasal verbs: what are they and 24 Understanding and having ideas 52 how are they used? 6 25 Arranging things 54 2 Grammar of phrasal verbs 8 26 Talking about size and number 56 3 Phrasal nouns 10 27 Talking about success and failure 58 4 Phrasal adjectives 12 28 Discussing problems 60 Interesting aspects of phrasal verbs 29 Deciding and influencing 62 30 Exclamations and warnings 64 5 Collocation and phrasal verbs 14 6 Register 16 Work, study and finance 7 Meaning and metaphor 18 31 Work 66 8 Idioms using phrasal verbs 20 32 Study 68 Key particles 33 Lectures and seminars 70 34 Writing essays 72 9 Around and about 22 35 Business 74 10 Down 24 36 Money 76 11 In 26 12 Off 28 Personal life 13 On 30 37 At home 78 14 Out 32 38 Clothing and appearance 80 15 Up 34 39 Relationships 82 Concepts 40 Character and personal qualities 84 41 Feelings 86 16 Time 36 42 Social life 88 17 Cause and effect 38 43 Health and symptoms 90 18 Memory 40 44 The body 92 19 Making progress 42 45 How people speak 94 20 Conflict and violence 44 46 How people move 96 21 Sound 46 English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced 1 The world around us 47 Nature 98 48 Weather 100 49 Places 102 50 Transport 104 51 The news 106 52 Secrets and lies 108 53 Rules and laws 110 54 Technology 112 55 Food and drink 114 Key verbs 56 Come 116 57 Get 118 58 Go 120 59 Keep 122 60 Take 124 Key 126 Mini dictionary 162 2 English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced Acknowledgements English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced Joy Godwin wrote two new units for the Second Edition: Unit 23, Agreeing, and Unit 33, Lectures and seminars. The publishers would like to thank Joy for her contribution to this edition. The authors and publishers acknowledge the following sources of copyright material and are grateful for the permissions granted. While every effort has been made, it has not always been possible to identify the sources of all the material used, or to trace all copyright holders. If any omissions are brought to our notice, we will be happy to include the appropriate acknowledgements on reprinting and in the next update to the digital edition, as applicable. Key: T = Top, B = Below, C = Centre, TL = Top Left, TR = Top Right, CL = Centre Left, CR = Centre Right, BR = Below Right, BL = Below Left. Photographs All the photographs are sourced from Getty Images. p. 12 (TR): Plume Creative; p. 12 (CL): Jim Craigmyle/First Light; p. 12 (BR): diego_cervo/iStock; p. 13 (TL): DonNichols/iStock; p. 13 (TR): Colin Anderson/Blend Images; p. 13 (BL): Camilo Morales/Blend Images; p. 13 (BR): View Pictures; p. 26: Thomas Barwick/Digital Vision; p. 32 (T): Robert Harding; p. 32 (B): iStock; p. 40 (T): ivanastar/iStock; p. 40 (C): Wolfgang Ehn/LOOK-foto; p. 40 (B): michaeljung/iStock; p. 43 (TL): fstop123/E+; p. 43 (BR): Hill Street Studios/Blend Images; p. 45: Maskot; p. 50: Ezra Bailey/Taxi; p. 52 (TR): Phil Boorman/Cultura; p. 52 (BR) & p. 66 (photo 3): Hero Images; p. 55 (TR): PhotoAlto/Frederic Cirou; p. 55 (BL): Image Source; p. 56: gilaxia/E+; p. 58 (TR): Chris Ryan/The Image Bank; p. 58 (CR): omersukrugoksu/iStock; p. 58 (BR): Dougal Waters/DigitalVision; p. 60: Ezra Bailey/Iconica; p. 66 (photo 1): Sam Diephuis/Blend Images; p. 66 (photo 2): Colin Hawkins/Stone; p. 66 (photo 4): Blend Images/Trinette Reed; p. 66 (photo 5): Indeed; p. 66 (photo 6): Peter Dazeley/Photographer’s Choice; p. 70 (TR): skynesher/E+; p. 70 (BR): monkeybusinessimages/iStock/Getty Images Plus; p. 76 (T): DmitriyOsipov/iStock; p. 76 (BR): RoBeDeRo/E+; p. 90 (TR): Chris Parker/Perspectives; p. 90 (BR): Betsie Van Der Meer/Taxi; p. 98 (photo 1): Thorsten Milse/robertharding; p. 98 (photo 2): ClaraNila/iStock; p. 98 (photo 3): EcoPic/iStock; p. 99: WLDavies/iStock; p. 101 (photo 1): Apriori1/iStock; p. 101 (photo 2): Walter Zerla/Blend Images; p. 101 (photo 3): Slava Bowman/EyeEm; p. 101 (photo 4): Anke Wittkowski/ EyeEm; p. 101 (photo 5): Edwin Remsberg/The Image Bank; p. 101 (photo 6): mshch/iStock; p. 102: Robin Bush/Oxford Scientific; p. 109: Di_Studio/iStock; p. 110 (TR): tunart/E+; p. 110 (BR): Image Source/DigitalVision; p. 114 (fruits): 109508Liane Riss; p. 114 (vegetables): Teubner/ StockFood Creative; p. 114 (pizza): Ed Nano/StockFood Creative; p. 114 (salad): Doram/E+; p. 120: StudioCampo; p. 121: Kirillica/iStock; p. 124: Yuri_Arcurs/DigitalVision. Illustrations Ludmila (KJA Artists), Katie Mac (NB Illustration), Martina (KJA Artists), Gavin Reece (New Division) and Miguel Diaz Rivas (Advocate Art). Cambridge Dictionaries Cambridge Dictionaries are the world’s most widely used dictionaries for learners of English. The dictionaries are available in print and online at dictionary.cambridge.org. Copyright © Cambridge University Press, reproduced with permission. English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced 3 Using this book Why was this book written? It was written to help you take your knowledge of phrasal verbs to a more advanced level. It is intended for students who already have at least an upper intermediate level of English. Many of you will have already worked with English Phrasal Verbs in Use Intermediate and this book builds on the work done there. However, it does not matter if you have gained your knowledge of phrasal verbs in a different way. We do not assume that you have used English Phrasal Verbs in Use Intermediate, although we do present and practise either different phrasal verbs in this book or, occasionally, more advanced uses of verbs that were presented in the lower level book. How were the phrasal verbs in this book selected? The approximately 1,000 phrasal verbs and related nouns and adjectives which are presented in this book were mainly selected from those identified as significant by the CANCODE corpus of spoken English developed at the University of Nottingham in association with Cambridge University Press, and the Cambridge International Corpus (now known as the Cambridge English Corpus) of written and spoken English. The phrasal verbs selected are accordingly also to be found in the Cambridge Dictionary online by going to the following website: http://dictionary.cambridge.org How is the book organised? The book has 60 two-page units. The left-hand page explains the phrasal verbs that are presented in the unit. You will usually find an explanation of the meaning of the phrasal verb, an example of it in use and, where appropriate, some comments on when and how it is used. The exercises on the right-hand page check that you have understood the information on the left-hand page and give you practice in using the material presented. The units are organised into different sections. First we start with important information about phrasal verbs in general (Units 1–4): what they are, how their grammar works and so on. We strongly recommend that you do these units first. The next section looks at some interesting aspects of more advanced phrasal verbs, dealing with such important issues as collocation, register and metaphor. As these are themes that are returned to throughout the book, it is a good idea to work through these units before progressing to other more specific units. After these two introductory sections, there is a section dealing with some of the most common particles used in forming phrasal verbs. Working on these units will help you to gain a feeling for the force of these particles and will help you have a feeling for the meaning of a phrasal verb you are meeting for the first time. The next two sections deal with Concepts (e.g. Time) and Functions (e.g. Arranging things). These sections are followed by a large number of topic-based units focusing on different aspects of Work, Personal life and The world around us. The final section looks at some of the most common verbs which are used to form phrasal verbs. The book has a key to all the exercises so that you can check your answers. At the back of the book you will also find a useful Mini dictionary. This provides clear definitions of all the phrasal verbs and related noun and adjective forms that appear in this book. The Mini dictionary also indicates the unit number where you can find a particular phrasal verb. How should I use this book? It is strongly recommended that you work through Units 1–4 first so that you become familiar with the way phrasal verbs (and their associated nouns and adjectives) operate and with the terminology that is used in the rest of the book. Then we suggest that you move on to Units 5–8 and after that you may work on the units in any order that suits you. 4 English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced What else do I need in order to work with this book? You need a notebook or file so that you can write down the phrasal verbs that you study in the book as well as any others that you come across elsewhere. You also need to have access to a good dictionary. We strongly recommend the Cambridge Phrasal Verbs Dictionary as this gives you exactly the kind of information that you need to have about phrasal verbs. Your teacher, however, may also be able to recommend other dictionaries that you may find useful. So all that remains is to say Go for it! (Unit 30). We hope you’ll find this an enjoyable as well as a useful way to keep up and extend your knowledge of English phrasal verbs in use. English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced 5 1 Phrasal verbs: what are they and how are they used? 1.1 Underline the phrasal verbs in these texts. Remember the particle or preposition may not be immediately next to the verb. A What are phrasal verbs? 1 I decided to take up gardening, so I took out a subscription to a gardening magazine and read up Phrasal verbs are verbs that consist of a verb and a particle (a preposition or adverb) or a verb on the subject. I found out so many interesting things, such as the best time to plant flowers out and two particles (an adverb and a preposition, as in get on with or look forward to). They for the summer and how to grow vegetables. I’ve really got into it now and spend hours in the are identified by their grammar (more about that in Unit 2), but it is probably best to think of garden every weekend. them as individual vocabulary items, to be learnt in phrases or chunks. They oft en – but not 2 The other day we went off on a hike in the mountains. We put our wet-weather gear on as the always – have a one-word equivalent. For example, you can come across a new phrasal verb weather forecast wasn’t good. We set off early to avoid the rush hour and soon reached the or you can encounter it. You can pick up a language or you can acquire it. Come across and starting point for our walk. The whole walk took about four hours, and when we got back we were pick up sound less literary or formal than encounter or acquire. exhausted. 3 I have to catch up on my coursework this weekend as I’ve fallen behind a bit. I worked on it B Why are phrasal verbs important? till midnight last night, but I still have loads to do. I have to hand one essay in on Tuesday and Phrasal verbs are extremely common in English. They are found in a wide variety of contexts. another one on Friday. I’m not sure whether I’ll make it, but I’ll try. You may have noticed them in songs, for example the Beatles’ I’ll get by with a little help from my friends or Roll over Beethoven, Bob Marley’s Get up, stand up and Red Hot Chili Peppers’ Knock 1.2 Choose the correct particle to finish these song titles. me down. You find them in film titles such as The Empire Strikes Back, Spirited Away, Along Came 1 Can’t get you off from / out of / away from my head (Kylie Minogue) Polly or Cast Away. They are very frequent in newspaper headlines. Here are just a few examples: 2 Hold you against / down / at (Jennifer Lopez) 3 We can work it with / across / out (The Beatles) Country’s misplaced pride 4 Send from / in / with the clowns (Barbra Streisand) Cricket: England holds back its democracy holds out for a draw 1.3 Complete the sentences in the right-hand column with a phrasal noun or adjective based on the phrasal verbs in the left -hand column. Use a dictionary if necessary, and remember that the particle may come at the beginning or end of the noun or adjective. Inquiry points Turner adds up likely cost of pensions to a cover-up dictionary.cambridge.org 1 The school took in some outstanding students Last year’s included some last year. outstanding students. Phrasal verbs are common in less formal English, but you will also hear or see and need to use 2 Some prisoners broke out of the local prison There was a(n) at the local them in more formal contexts. Register is discussed in more detail in Unit 6. last night. prison last night. 3 It was an experience that put everyone off . It was a(n) experience. C Which phrasal verbs does this book deal with? 4 She always speaks out and gives her opinion. She is very . This book is based on information gained from the Cambridge International Corpus (a huge computerised database of present-day English) about phrasal verbs and how they are used in 5 A lorry which had broken down was blocking A lorry was blocking the contemporary English. It focuses on phrasal verbs more advanced students need to know – but in the road. road. general does not deal with the verbs in the lower level English Phrasal Verbs in Use Intermediate. It includes phrasal nouns such as standby or onset (see Unit 3) and phrasal adjectives such as 1.4 Match the headlines with the sentences from the stories. outgoing or worn out (see Unit 4). D What can I do to help myself master phrasal verbs? Try to think positively about them! And, now you are at a more advanced level, try not just to understand them but also to use them in your own speaking and writing. Keep an eye open for them whenever you are reading anything in English and make a note of any interesting ones you find. Write them down in a complete phrase or a sentence to fix in your mind how they are used. Be aware that one of the special features of phrasal verbs is that some of them have many diff erent meanings – for example, you can pick something up from the floor, you can pick up a language or bad habits, the weather can pick up, you can pick up a bargain, a radio can pick up a signal, the economy can pick up, you can pick up a story where you left it, you can pick someone up in your car. Sometimes the meanings are clearly related, some being more literal and some more metaphorical. Unit 7 deals with this in more detail. In this book we may not present all the meanings of the verbs that are included. You may find others in English Phrasal Verbs in Use Intermediate and there are still more in the Cambridge Phrasal Verbs Dictionary. 6 English Phrasal Verbs in Use Advanced