English as an Academic Lingua Franca Developments in English as a Lingua Franca 3 Editors Jennifer Jenkins Will Baker De Gruyter Mouton English as an Academic Lingua Franca An Investigation of Form and Communicative Effectiveness By Beyza Björkman De Gruyter Mouton ISBN 978-3-11-027914-6 e-ISBN 978-3-11-027954-2 ISSN 2192-8177 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData ACIPcatalogrecordforthisbookhasbeenappliedforattheLibraryofCongress. BibliographicinformationpublishedbytheDeutscheNationalbibliothek TheDeutscheNationalbibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutsche Nationalbibliografie;detailedbibliographicdataareavailableintheInternet athttp://dnb.dnb.de. ”2013WalterdeGruyter,Inc.,Boston/Berlin Printing:Hubert&Co.GmbH&Co.KG,Göttingen (cid:2)(cid:2)Printedonacid-freepaper PrintedinGermany www.degruyter.com To Ella and Mikael, my wonderful family Acknowledgments This monograph takes as its basis my PhD project that I completed in June 2010. During the production of this manuscript, I have received invaluable help from many colleagues, friends, and family. First of all, I would like to thank De Gruyter Mouton for seeing the im- portance of the topic and investing in this monograph. Birgit Sievert, Julie Miess and Angelika Hermann patiently answered every question I had. The editors Professor Jennifer Jenkins and Dr. Will Baker have helped me shape this manuscript to the monograph you have before you today. Need- less to say, any remaining errors are mine. I am especially grateful to Jen- nifer Jenkins for being so supportive and helpful from the very early stages of this project, when this book was only an idea. The research project that forms the basis of this book was almost exclu- sively financed by the language unit at the Technical Institute despite all the financial hardships, and I am eternally grateful for this support. I will not be able to mention any names here for purposes of anonymity, but I am indebted to my colleagues for their hard work that generated the resources for this project as well as their never-ending encouragement. I am also grateful to the English Department at Stockholm University where I was a doctoral student for letting me work on a topic that I knew was very im- portant and for providing financial support for the final stages of the pro- ject. I would also like to thank my colleagues at Roskilde University for the feedback and help during my post-doc stay in Denmark. I have benefited greatly from discussions with my PhD supervisor Pro- fessor Philip Shaw, who has been extremely generous with truly inspiring discussions and invaluable advice. Special thanks go to Professor Nils- Lennart Johannesson for creating special characters so I could be true to my Early Modern English source. Thanks also go to Christina Alm-Arvius, Britt Erman, Rebecca Hincks, Nils-Lennart Johannesson, Elizabeth Keller, Andy Kirkpatrick, Maria Kuteeva, Margareta Lewis, Magnus Ljung, Hans Malmström, Gunnel Melchers, Alan McMillion, David Minugh, Jan Peder- sen, Erik Smitterberg and Annelie Ädel. I have learned so much from them. There are other colleagues who have helped me with feedback and encour- agement. I cannot help but mention John Airey, Anne Kari Bjørge, Gibson Ferguson, Gregory Garretson, Rachel Giora, Hartmut Haberland, Spencer Hazel, Glenn Ole Hellekjær, Jennifer Jenkins, Anna Mauranen, Janus Mortensen, Diane Pecorari, Elina Ranta, John M. Swales and Hedda Söder- viii Acknowledgments lundh. I must thank Jennifer Jenkins, Anna Mauranen and Barbara Seidlho- fer separately for paving the way for numerous studies on ELF, for being so supportive to us new ELF researchers, and for being so generous with their expertise. And finally my family whom I love tremendously. It is to you that I owe everything. I have produced this monograph while taking care of my baby girl Ella. I am deeply grateful to my husband Mikael for his sunny smile, never-ending patience and encouragement, and for shouldering so much of the household responsibilities. Without his help, I would not have been able to complete this book. And our sunshine Ella… Thanks for coming into my life and showing me what really matters. I dedicate this book to you both. Earlier versions of some of the text in this monograph, and some of my thoughts and arguments, have appeared in the following papers that I have produced. I am grateful to the publishers and editors below for permitting me to include them in this book: 2012 Questions in academic ELF interaction. Journal of English as a Lin- gua Franca 1 (1): 93–119. 2012 Investigating English as a lingua franca in applied science education: Aims, methods and norms. In (Re-)Conceptualising LSP Research: Methods and Aims, Linguistic Insights, Studies in Language and Communication, Margrethe Petersen and Jan Engberg (eds.), 163– 187. Bern: Peter Lang. 2012 The grammar of English as a lingua franca. The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, (ed.). Oxford, UK: Wiley Blackwell. 2011 English as a lingua franca in higher education: Implications for EAP. Ibérica 22: 79–100. Special Issue on EAP in Parallel language and ELF Settings. 2011 Pragmatic strategies in English as an academic lingua franca: Ways of achieving communicative effectiveness? Journal of Pragmatics 43(4): 950–964. 2010 So you think you can ELF: English as a lingua franca as the medium of Instruction. Hermes 45: 77–99. 2010 Spoken lingua franca English at a Swedish technical university: An investigation of form and communicative effectiveness. Unpublished PhD thesis. Stockholm University, Department of English. 2009 From code to discourse in spoken ELF. In English as a Lingua Franca: Studies and findings, Anna Mauranen, and Elina Ranta (eds.), 225–254. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Press. Acknowledgments ix 2009 English as a lingua franca at a Swedish technical university: An effective medium? In Proceedings of the Annual BALEAP Confe- rence: 'EAP in a Globalising World: English as an Academic Lingua Franca‘. Whong, Melinda (Ed.), 11–19. Reading: Garnet Education. 2008 English as the lingua franca of engineering: The morphosyntax of academic speech events. Nordic Journal of English Studies 7(3): 103–122. 2008 'So where we are': Spoken lingua franca English at a Swedish te- chnical university”. English Today 24 (2): 11–17. Reprinted with permission from Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Journals Online.