Endocrine Neoplasms Cancer Treatment and Research Steven T. Rosen, M.D., Series Editor Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Medical School Nathanson L (ed): Malignant Melanoma: Biology, Diagnosis, and Therapy. 1988. ISBN 0-89838-384-6 Pinedo HM, Verweij J (eds): Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcomas. 1989. ISBN 0-89838-391-9 Hansen HH (ed): Basic and Clinical Concepts of Lung Cancer. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0153-6 Lepor H, Ratliff TL (eds): Urologic Oncology. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0161-7 Benz C, Liu E (eds): Oncogens. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0237-0 Ozols RF (ed): Drug Resistance in Cancer Therapy. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0244-3 Surwit EA, Alberts DS (eds): Endometrial Cancer. 1989. ISBN 0-7923-0286-9 Champlin R (ed): Bone Marrow Transplantation. 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0612-0 Goldenberg D (ed): Cancer Imaging with Radiolabeled Antibodies. 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0631-7 Jacobs C (ed): Carcinomas of the Head and Neck. 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0668-6 Lippman ME, Dickson R (eds): Regulatory Mechanisms in Breast Cancer: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer. 1990. ISBN 0-7923-0868-9 Nathanson L (ed): Malignant Melanoma: Genetics, Growth Factors, Metastases, and Antigens. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-0895-6 Sugarbaker PH (ed): Management of Gastric Cancer. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1102-7 Pinedo HM, Verweij J, Suit HD, (eds): Soft Tissue Sarcomas: New Developments in the Multidisciplinary Approach to Treatment. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1139-6 Ozols RF (ed): Molecular and Clinical Advances in Anticancer Drug Resistance. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1212-0 Muggia PM (ed): New Drugs, Concepts and Results in Cancer Chemotherapy 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1253-8 Dickson RB, Lippman ME (eds): Genes, Oncogenes and Hormones: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer. 1992. ISBN 0-7923-1748-3 Humphrey G Bennett, Schraffordt Koops H, Molenaar WM, Postma A (eds): Osteosarcoma in Adolescents and Young Adults: New Developments and Controversies. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-1905-2 Benz CC, Liu ET (eds): Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Malignancies. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-1960-5 Freireich EJ, Kantarjian H (eds): Leukemia: Advances in Research and Treatment. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-1967-2 Dana BW (ed): Malignant Lymphomas, Including Hodgkin's Disease: Diagnosis, Management, and Special Problems. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2171-5 Nathanson L (ed): Current Research and Clinical Management of Melanoma. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2152-9 Verweij J, Pinedo HM, Suit HD (eds): Multidisciplinary Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcomas. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2183-9 Rosen ST, Kuzel TM (eds): Immunoconjugate Therapy of Hematologic Malignancies. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2270-3 Sugai-baker PH {ed): Hepato'biliary Cancer. 1994. ISBN 0-7923-2501-X Rothenberg ML (ed): Gynecoldgic Oncology: Controversies and New Developments. 1994. ISBN 0-7923-2634-2 Dickson RB, Lippman ME (eds): Mammary Tumorigenesis and Malignant Progression. 1994. ISBN 0-7923-26474 Hansen HH (ed): Lung Cancer. Advances in Basic and Clinical Research. 1994. ISBN 0-7923-2835-3 Goldstein U, Ozols RF (eds): Anticancer Drug Resistance. Advances in Molecular and Clinical Research. 1994. ISBN 0-7923-2836-1 Hong WK, Weber RS (eds): Head and Neck Cancer. Basic and Clinical Aspects. 1994. ISBN 0-7923-3015-3 Thall PF (ed): Recent Advances in Clinical Trial Design and Analysis. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3235-0 Buckner CD (ed): Technical and Biological Components of Marrow Transplantation. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3394-2 Muggia PM (ed): Concepts, Mechanisms, and New Targets for Chemotherapy. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3525-2 Klastersky J (ed): Infectious Complications of Cancer. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3598-8 Kurzrock R, Talpaz M (eds): Cytokines: Interleukins and Their Receptors. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-36364 Sugarbaker P (ed): Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: Drugs and Diseases. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3726-3 Sugarbaker P (ed): Peritoneal Carcinomatosis: Principles of Management. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3727-1 Dickson RB, Lippman ME (eds): Mammary Tumor Cell Cycle, Differentiation and Metastasis. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3905-3 Freireich EJ, Kantarjian H (eds): Molecular Genetics and Therapy of Leukemia. 1995. ISBN 0-7923-3912-6 Cabanillas F, Rodriguez MA (eds): Advances in Lymphoma Research. 1996. ISBN 0-7923-3929-0 Endocrine Neoplasms edited by ANDREW ARNOLD, M.D. Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts ~. SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC " Ubrary of Congress Catalogiog-in-Pub6eation Data Endocrine neoplasms I edited by Andrew Amold. p. cm. - (Cancer treatment and research; v. 62) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4613-7919-5 ISBN 978-1-4615-6355-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-6355-6 1. Endocrine glands - Cancer. 1. Amold, Andrew. II. Series. [DNLM: 1. Endocrine Gland Neoplasms. W1 CA693 v. 62 1997 / WK 140 E558 1997] RC280.E55E533 1997 616.99' 44 - dc21 DNLMlDLC for Library of Congress 96-49030 CIP Copyright © 1997 by Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1997 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1997 AH rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photo-copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. Printed on acid-free paper. Contents Preface ....................................................... Xlll ANDREW ARNOLD 1. Growth hormone- and Growth-Hormone-Releasing Hormone-producing tumors ................................ 1 ILAN SHIMON and SHLOMO MELMED 2. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone-dependent ....................................... Cushing's syndrome 25 GIOVANNI CIZZA and GEORGE P. CHROUSOS 3. Prolactinomas . ........................................... 41 LAURENCE KATZNELSON and ANNE KLIBANSKI 4. Gonadotroph and other clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas ........................................ 57 PETER J. SNYDER 5. Approach to the incidentally discovered pituitary mass ......... 73 MARK E. MOLITCH 6. Follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas .................... 91 STEFAN K.G. GREBE and IAN D. HAY 7. Radiation-induced endocrine tumors ......................... 141 ARTHUR B. SCHNEIDER and LEON FOGELFELD 8. Diagnosis, natural history, and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism ...................................... 163 SHONNI J. SILVERBERG 9. Parathyroid carcinoma ..................................... 183 KERSTIN SANDELIN 10. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide and hypercalcemia of malignancy ............................... 193 DAVID GOLTZMAN and JANET E. HENDERSON 11. Neoplasms of the adrenal cortex: Clinical and basic aspects ..... 217 ANA C. LATRONICO and GEORGE P. CHROUSOS 12. Pheochromocytoma and primary aldosteronism 239 WILLIAM F. YOUNG 13. Incidentally discovered adrenal masses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 263 RICHARD T. KLOOS, MELVYN KOROBKIN, NORMAN W. THOMPSON, ISAAC R. FRANCIS, BRAHM SHAPIRO and MILTON D. GROSS 14. Gastrin-producing tumors 293 ROBERT T. JENSEN 15. Insulinoma and other islet-cell tumors ....................... 335 F. JOHN SERVICE 16. Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy . . . . . . . . . .. 347 PAMELA M. THOMAS and GILBERT J. COTE 17. Somatostatin analogs and receptors: Diagnostic and therapeutic applications ...................... 365 L.J. HOFLAND and S.W.J. LAMBERTS 18. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I: Clinical genetics and diagnosis .............................. 383 BRITT SKOGSEID 19. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I: Surgical therapy .......... 407 NORMAN W. THOMPSON 20. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type II and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma: Impact of genetic screening on management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 421 ROBERT F. GAGEL Index ......................................................... 443 VI List of Contributors Andrew Arnold, M.D. Chief, Laboratory of Endocrine Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Jackson 1021 Boston, MA 02114, USA George P. Chrousos, M.D. Developmental Endocrinology Branch NIH Clinical Center, Bldg. 10, Rm. lON262 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Giovanni Cizza, M.D. Developmental Endocrinology Branch NIH Clinical Center, Bldg. 10, Rm. lON262 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Gilbert J. Cote, Ph.D. Section of Endocrinology University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 15 Houston, TX 77030, USA Leon Fogelfeld, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Michael Reese Hospital 2929 S. Ellis Avenue Chicago, IL 60616, USA Isaac R. Francis, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Radiology University of Michigan Medical Center 1500 E. Medical Center Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0028, USA Robert F. Gagel, M.D. Professor and Chief, Section of Endocrinology University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 15 Houston, TX 77030, USA David Goltzman, M.D. Calcium Research Laboratory Royal Victoria Hospital and Department of Medicine McGill University 687 Pine Ave. West, Room H4.67 Montreal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada Stefan K.G. Grebe, M.D. Visiting Scientist Endocrine Research Unit Division of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic 200 First Street S.W. Rochester, MN 55905, USA Milton D. Gross, M.D. Division of Nuclear Medicine Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2215 Fuller Road Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA Ian D. Hay, M.B., Ph.D. Professor of Medicine Mayo Medical School Consultant in Endocrinology and Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic and Foundation 200 First Street S.W. Rochester, MN 55905, USA Janet E. Henderson, Ph.D. Lady Davis Institute S.M.B.D. Jewish General Hospital and Department of Medicine McGill University 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Rd. Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada Vlll LJ. Hofland, Ph.D. Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital Dijkzigt Dr. Molewaterplein 40 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands Robert T. Jensen, M.D. Digestive Diseases Branch, NIDDK National Institutes of Health Bldg. 10, Room 9C-103 10 Center Dr. MSC 1804 Bethesda, MD 20892-1804, USA Laurence Katznelson, M.D. Instructor in Medicine Neuroendocrine Unit, BUL457B Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA 02114, USA Anne Klibanski, M.D. Chief, Neuroendocrine Unit Associate Professor of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital, BUL457B Boston, MA 02114, USA Richard T. Kloos, M.D. Fellow in Nuclear Medicine Division of Nuclear Medicine University of Michigan Medical Center 1500 E. Medical Center Drive B1G412 Box 28 Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0028, USA Melvyn Korobkin, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Radiology University of Michigan Medical Center 1500 E. Medical Center Drive Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0028, USA S.WJ. Lamberts, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital Dijkzigt Dr. Molewaterplein 40 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands ix Ana C. Latronico, M.D. Developmental Endocrinology Branch NIH Clinical Center, Bldg. 10, Rm. 10N262 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Shlomo Melmed, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Cedars-Sinai Medical Center 8700 Beverly Blvd., B-131 Los Angeles, CA 90048-1865, USA Mark E. Molitch, M.D. Center for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine Northwestern University Medical School, Tarry 15-731 303 E. Chicago Avenue Chicago, IL 60611, USA Kerstin Sandelin, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Surgery Karolinska Hospital S-l71 76 Stockholm, Sweden Arthur B. Schneider, M.D., Ph.D. University of Illinois College of Medicine Section of Endocrinology (MiC 640) 1819 W. Polk Street Chicago, IL 60612, USA F. John Service, M.D., Ph.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Mayo Clinic 200 First Street, SW Rochester, MN 55905, USA Brahm Shapiro, M.B., Ch.B., Ph.D. Professor of Internal Medicine Division of Nuclear Medicine Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center 2215 Fuller Road Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA Han Shimon, M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Cedars-Sinai Medical Center 8700 Beverly Blvd. Los Angeles, CA 90048-1865, USA x