Encyclopedia of LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Encyclopedia of L A N G UAG E D E V E LO P M E N T Patricia J. Brooks EDITOR College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of City University of New York Vera Kempe EDITOR Abertay University FOR INFORMATION: Copyright © 2014 by SAGE Publications, Inc. SAGE Publications, Inc. 2455 Teller Road All rights reserved. No part of this book may be Thousand Oaks, California 91320 reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, E-mail: [email protected] electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval SAGE Publications India Pvt. Ltd. system, without permission in writing from the publisher. B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area Mathura Road, New Delhi 110 044 India Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data SAGE Publications Ltd. 1 Oliver’s Yard Encyclopedia of language development / Patricia J. Brooks, 55 City Road editor, College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of London EC1Y 1SP City University of New York ; Vera Kempe, editor, Abertay United Kingdom University. pages cm SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd. Includes bibliographical references and index. 3 Church Street ISBN 978-1-4522-5876-8 (hardcover : alk. paper) #10-04 Samsung Hub 1. Language acquisition--Encyclopedias. I. Brooks, Singapore 049483 Patricia (Patricia J.) editor of compilation. II. Kempe, Vera. editor of compilation. P118.E523 2014 Senior Editor: Jim Brace-Thompson 401’.9303--dc23 Cover Designer: Rose Storey 2014003288 Reference Systems Manager: Leticia Gutierrez Reference Systems Coordinators: Laura Notton Anna Villasenor Marketing Manager: Carmel Schrire Golson Media President and Editor: J. Geoffrey Golson Director, Author Management: Lisbeth Rogers Production Director: Mary Jo Scibetta Layout Editor: Kenneth W. Heller Copyeditor: Pam Schroeder Production Editor: TLK Editing Services Proofreader: Rebecca Kuzins Indexer: J S Editorial 14 15 16 17 18 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents List of Articles vii Reader’s Guide xi About the General Editors xv List of Contributors xvii Introduction xxiii Chronology xxix Articles A 1 B 45 C 71 D 139 E 179 F 213 G 229 H 263 I 275 J 299 L 305 M 365 N 393 O 421 P 429 Q 505 R 511 S 527 T 641 U 651 V 655 W 667 Glossary 689 Resource Guide 698 Appendix: World Literacy Statistics 711 Index 719 List of Articles A C Adjectives Category-Based Induction Adolescent Language Development and Use Child Language Data Exchange System Adoption Studies of Second First-Language Child-Directed Speech (Effects of Variation Acquisition in Quality) Age of Acquisition Effects Child-Directed Speech (Features of) Alignment (Interactive) Chomsky, Noam Apraxia of Speech, Childhood Chunk-Based Language Acquisition Argument Structure Color Cognition and Language Development Aspect Computational Models of Language Assessment of Language Abilities Development Associative Processes Conceptual Foundations of Early Word Learning Auditory Processing and Language Connectionist Models of Language Development Impairments Conversational Implicature Auditory Sequence/Artificial Grammar Conversational Skills Learning Corpus-Based Methods Autism and Language Development Critical Period in Language Development Autobiographical Memory Role of Language Cross-Cultural Factors in Communicative Auxiliary and Modal Verbs Development Cross-Linguistic Investigation of Language Impairments B Cross-Linguistic Research on Literacy Baby Sign Systems Development Bayesian Inference in Word Learning Cross-Modal Perception of Speech Bilingual Language Development Cross-Situational Word Learning Bilingualism: Effects on Cognitive Cultural Learning Development Bilingualism: Interactions Between Languages D Brown, Roger Developmental Dyslexia Bruner, Jerome Diagnosing Language Impairments vii viii List of Articles Diagnosing Reading Impairments Gestures in Communicative Development Dialect Usage and Language Development (Overview) Diminutives in Child-Directed and Child Speech Grammatical Categories Discourse-Pragmatics Grammatical Development in Children With Distributional Knowledge and Language Language Impairments Learning Grammatical Gender Domain Specificity Grammaticality Judgment Task Dual-Route Model of Reading Development Dyadic Interaction and Early Communicative H Development High-Amplitude Sucking Procedure Dynamic Synchrony and Early Word Learning Home Environment (Effects on Language and Dynamic Systems Theory and Language Literacy Development) Development Home Sign Humor E Hyper-Articulation of Child-Directed Speech Early Second Language Acquisition Early Word Learning I Effects of Head Start Early Intervention on Imitation in Communicative Development Language Development Individual Differences in Adult L1 Attainment Effects of Schooling on Language Development Induction in Language Learning Electrophysiology Methods in Language Interrelationship of Language and Cognitive Development Development (Overview) Emergentist Coalition Model of Word Learning Intervention for Child Language Impairments Epistemic Markers Item-Based/Exemplar-Based Learning Event Perception and Language Development Evidential Markers J Evolutionary Perspectives on Language Joint Attention and Language Development Development Executive Functions and Language L Development/Processing Labeling Effects on Cognitive Development Language and Motor Interactions in F Development Fast Mapping in Lexical Development Language Development in Children With Filler Syllables and Acquisition of Cochlear Implants Grammatical Morphemes Language Development in Deaf Children Finite Verbs Language Development in Preterm Infants First Language Attrition and Loss in Bilinguals and Children Focal Lesions and Language Development Language Development in Twins Frequency Effects in Language Development Language for Reading Functional Brain Imaging Methods in Language Learning in Avians Language Development Language Learning in Cetaceans Language Learning in Dogs G Language Learning in Nonhuman Primates Gender Differences in Language Development Late Talkers Generalization of Linguistic Patterns Learning Words From Overheard Speech Generics Less-Is-More Hypothesis Genetic Basis of Language Development Lexical Bootstrapping and Impairment Lexical Development Genetic Syndromes and Language Lexical Innovations Development Linguistic Tonal Systems List of Articles ix Literacy Effects on Cognitive Development Phonological Development in Children With Literacy Instruction Methods Language Impairments Long-Distance Dependencies Phonological Processes in Lexical Development Lying Phonological Templates Play and Its Role in Language Development M Pointing MacArthur-Bates CDI Pragmatic Development Matthew Effects (Rich Get Richer) Prediction in Language Learning, Role of Mechanisms of Cultural Transmission and Preferential Looking/Head-Turn Preference Language Learning Procedures Meta-Linguistic Awareness Prelinguistic Vocalization (Overview) Metaphor Principles-and-Parameters Framework Metrical Segmentation Private Speech/Inner Speech Milestones in Language Development Processing Deficits in Children With Language Morphological Development Impairments Motion Expression Pronouns Multiple Cues in Language Acquisition Proto-Conversation and Song in Infant Communication N Narrative Development Q Natural Pedagogy Quantifiers Neonatal Preference for Speech Questions Neonatal Speech Perception Neural Basis of Language Development R Nonliteral Language Use Reading, Development of Noun Bias in Word Learning Reading Comprehension Numerical Cognition and Language Recasts, Clarifications, and Other Indirect Development Negative Evidence Referential Communication O Relational Terms Otitis Media and Language Development Over-Extension and Under-Extension in S Word Learning Semantic Development Over-Generalization of Grammatical Semantic Development in Children With Constructions Language Impairments Over-Regularization in Morphological Shape Bias in Word Learning Development Sign Language Acquisition Slow Mapping in Lexical Development P Social Conventions, Learning of Parental Responsiveness and Scaffolding of Social Foundations of Communicative Language Development Development Parsing/Sentence Processing Social Functioning in Children With Language Pediatric Audiology Impairments Perseveration and Speech Errors in Child Social Shaping of Infant Vocalization Language Production Socioeconomic Factors Perspective Taking in Communication Sound Symbolism Phoneme Discrimination Spatial Cognition and Language Development Phonological and Prosodic Bootstrapping Specific Language Impairment (Overview) Phonological Awareness Speech Acts Phonological Development Speech Perception and Categorization