Enchanted Islands Enchanted Islands Picturing the Allure of Conquest in Eighteenth- Century France MARY D. SHERIFF The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London © 2018 by The University of Chicago All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission, except in the case of brief quotations in critical articles and reviews. For more information, contact the University of Chicago Press, 1427 E. 60th St., Chicago, IL 60637. Published 2018 Printed in the United States of America 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 1 2 3 4 5 ISBN- 13: 978- 0- 226- 48310- 8 (cloth) ISBN- 13: 978- 0- 226- 48324- 5 (e- book) DOI: https:// doi .org /10 .7208 /chicago /9780226483245 .001 .0001 Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Names: Sheriff, Mary D., author. Title: Enchanted islands : picturing the allure of conquest in eighteenth- century France / Mary D. Sheriff. Description: Chicago ; London : The University of Chicago Press, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017038265 | ISBN 9780226483108 (cloth : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780226483245 (e- book) Subjects: LCSH: Islands in literature. | Islands in art. | French literature— 18th century— History and criticism. | Art, French— 18th century. Classification: LCC PQ265 .S58 2018 | DDC 840.9/372— dc23 LC record available at https:// lccn .loc .gov /2017038265 ♾ This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48- 1992 (Permanence of Paper). Contents List of Illustrations vii Preface, by Keith P. Luria xi Introduction: Called to Islands 1 1. Thinking with Islands 17 2. Domains of Enchantment 37 3. Royal Power, National Sentiment, and the Sorceress Undone 71 4. Calypso in the Regency 105 5. The Transformations of Armida 137 6. On the Persistence and Limits of the Enchanted Island 181 Notes Bibliography Index 223 249 269 Illustrations Figures 1 Les métamorphoses d’Ovide 25 2 The Age of Gold Returns 27 3 N. Thomas, Portrait du Comte de Saint- Germain 43 4 Louis Halbou, after Johann Eleazar Schenau, Credulité sans réflexion 48 5 Nicolas de Larmessin, Portrait de F. A. de Rochechouart 52 6 Antoine Coypel, Portrait de La Voisin 53 7 Louis Ferdinand II Elle, Portrait de Madame de Montespan 54 8 C. Van Meurs, after C. Netscher, Portrait présumé de Madame de Montespan 55 9 Charles- André Van Loo, Jason and Medea 56 10 Charles- Antoine Coypel, Destruction du palais d’Armide 57 vii viii Illustrations 11 Frontispiece to Henri Decremps, Supplément à la magie dévoilée 63 12 Israël Silvestre the Younger and François Chaveau, Les plaisirs de l’Isle enchantée in 1664, Première journée (frontispiece) 84 13 Silvestre and Chaveau, Les plaisirs . . . Première journée . . . Entry of the King 87 14 Silvestre and Chaveau, Les plaisirs . . . Première journée . . . Sidekicks of the King 89 15 Silvestre and Chaveau, Les plaisirs . . . Première journée . . . Course de bague disputé 91 16 Silvestre and Chaveau, Les plaisirs . . . Première journée . . . The Four Seasons 92 17 Silvestre, The Feast of “Les plaisirs de l’isle enchantée” 95 18 Silvestre, The Festival “Les plaisirs de l’isle enchantée” 97 19 Silvestre and Chaveau, Les plaisirs . . . Troisième journée . . . Le palais de l’enchanteresse 99 20 Silvestre and Chaveau, Les plaisirs . . . Troisième journée . . . May 7, 1664 101 21 Antoine Coypel, The Alliance of Bacchus and Cupid 116 22 Antoine Watteau, Fêtes Vénitiennes 117 23 Edmé Jeaurat, after Nicolas Vleughels, Telemachus on the Isle of Calypso 120 24 Fan with scene from Vleughels, Telemachus on the Island of Calypso 123 25 Jean Dolivar, after Jean Berain, frontispiece to Armide 143 Illustrations ix 26 François Boucher, The Fountain of Love 158 27 Attributed to Boucher, Hercules and Omphale 159 28 Correggio (Antonio Allegri), Danae 160 29 Yvart fils, Chastelain, and Belin de Fontenay, Rinaldo and Armida 161 30 Robert de Cotte, fountain design for Parterre at Versailles 162 31 Antoine Watteau, The Judgment of Paris 163 32 Charles Eisen, illustration “Devil of Pope- Fig Island” 166 33 François Lemoyne, Messengers of Godefroy de Bouillon . . . 169 34 Charles- Nicolas Cochin fils, Public Audience Granted to the Turkish Ambassador . . . 173 35 Cochin fils, Masked Ball in honor of the marriage of Louis . . . 173 36 Maurice- Quentin Delatour, Portrait of the Marquise de Pompadour 175 37 Ludovicus Surugue, after Francois de Troy, allegorical representation of Henri IV 176 38 J. Aliamet, after Charles Eisen, frontispiece to canto 9, Voltaire, La Henriade 178 39 A. J. Duclos, after J. M. Moreau le Jeune, Henri IV and Gabrielle d’Estrées . . . 179 40 Philibert Commerson, illustration for Voyage autour du monde 186 41 François Boucher, Shepherd Piping to a Shepherdess 192