CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 Volume 12 February THE PREGNANT PATIENT, pages 1-283 May CONCEPTS AND CONTROVERSIES IN TOXICOLOGY, pages 285-578 August EMERGENCY CARE OF PATIENTS WITH INDWELLING DEVICES, pages 579-894 November MANAGEMENT OF SEIZURES IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT, pages 895-1139 Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type ABC assessment, in pregnant trauma described, 49 patient, 170-171 management, 50 Abdominal complications, following Abrupt onset, of seizure, 926-927 percutaneous feeding tube placement, Abscess(es), delayed tracheal, following 818-819 tracheal decannulation, 722 following tracheostomy, 721 epidural, from halo traction device use, Abdominal pain, in pregnancy, acute, 151- 773-774 162 Absences, myoclonic, epilepsy with, 905 diagnostic challenges, 151-153 Absence seizures. See Primary generalized ectopic pregnancy, 58 nonconvulsive seizures. nonobstetric and atraumatic causes, Absence status epilepticus, 900, 1095 153-161 treatment, 1096 prehospital assessment, 4 Absorption, acetylsalicylic acid, 352 unclear etiology, 162 of drugs, by nursing infant, 132-133 in ectopic pregnancy differential during pregnancy, 129-130 diagnosis, 65 iron, abnormal, 400 Abdominal pocket, typical appearance of normal, 398-399 automatic implantable cardioverter- Accidental injury, to pregnant patient. See defibrillator generator in, 585 Trauma, to pregnant patient. Abdominal radiographs (KUB), in iron Accidental poisoning. See Poisoned pediatric poisoning diagnosis, 404 patient. Abdominal tenderness, in ectopic Ace-inhibitors, for treatment of chronic pregnancy, 58-59 hypertension in pregnant patient, 85- Abdominal trauma, during pregnancy, 86 modalities for evaluating, 185-187 Acetaminophen, concepts and Abortion, septic, 47, 109-110 controversies, 335-346 spontaneous, 46—47 hazards, 483. See also Acetaminophen poi- Abruptio placenta, blunt trauma and, 188 soning. clinical presentation and diagnosis, 49- hepatic metabolism of, 336, 337 50 OTC products containing, 484 complications, 50 plasma concentrations, 339-341 considerations, 50-51 as therapeutic agent, 335-336 1102 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 Acetaminophen (Continued) AFLP. See Acute fatty liver of pregnancy as toxic agent, 336. See also Acetamino- (AFLP). phen poisoning. ; AICD. See Automatic implantable use during pregnancy, 142-143 cardioverter-defibrillators (AICD). Acetaminophen poisoning, alcoholic AIDCHECK, telemetry interrogation patient and, 344-345 device, 583 chronic or repeated ingestions, 344 Air conduction hearing aids, 787-789 clinical features, 336, 338-339 Air embolism, in tracheostomy patients, diagnostic approach, 339-341 719 hepatic failure and, 345-346 Air transport, transvenous pacemaker NAPOQI formation and, 336, 337 function and, 635 pediatric, 345 Airway maintenance, in pregnant trauma P450 mixed function oxidase system and, patient, 171-172 344-345 Albuterol, toxic manifestations, 418 in pregnancy, 345 Alcohol, acetaminophen toxicity and, 344- stages, 338 34 treatment, basic management, 341-342 activated charcoal and, 291 late NAC therapy, 343-344 and epilepsy, 1064 N-acetylcysteine, 342-343 seizures associated with. See Alcohol-re- Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 351 lated seizures; Alcohol withdrawal sei- absorption of, 352 zures. OTC products containing, 485 Alcoholics, seizures in. See also Alcohol- overdose. See Salicylate intoxication. related seizures; Alcohol withdrawal Acinetobacter sp. infection, causing seizures. peritonitis, 763 diagnostic examination, 1062-1063 of indwelling lines, 685 differential diagnosis, 1062 Aconite preparations, hazards associated pharmacologic intervention, 1068-1071 with, 497 phenytoin therapy for, 1068 Acquired epilepsies, causes, 908-909 Alcohol intoxication, seizures related to. Acquired epileptic aphasia, 905, 907 See Alcohol-related seizures. - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Alcohol-related seizures, 953-954, 1057- (AIDS), incidence in women, 93 1073. See also Alcohol withdrawal Activated charcoal, for gastrointestinal seizures. decontamination, 290-291 during alcohol withdrawal, 1057-1058 cyclic antidepressant overdose, 539- diagnostic examination, 1062-1064 540 differential diagnosis, 1062 indications, contraindications, and epilepsy and, 1064 limitations, 291-292 neurologic presentation of patients with, multiple dose, 294-295 abnormal, 1066 and N-acetylcysteine interaction, 295- normal, 1064-1066 296 pathophysiology, 1059 salicylate ingestion, 356 biochemical pathogenesis, 1059-1060 theophylline overdose, 426-428 kindling, 1060 in management of drug- and toxin-in- structural alterations, 1061-1062 duced seizures, 1031 toxic and metabolic considerations, Acute abdomen, in CAPD patients, 767 1060-1061 Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), 158 patient disposition, 1071-1072 Acute symptomatic seizures, 930, 931 status epilepticus and, 1071 preventing recurrence of, 936-937 treatment, 1068-1071 Acyclovir, for treatment of herpes simplex Alcohol withdrawal, 1057-1058 infection, 96 delirium tremens, 1058 Adenosine, use during pregnancy, 145 detoxification facilities, 1072 B-Adrenergic blockers, for treatment of major, 1058 chronic hypertension in pregnant minor, 1057-1058 patient, 85 repeated episodes leading to seizure, B-Adrenergic receptor agonist therapy, for 1072 obstetric emergencies, 257-260 seizures associated with. See Alcohol Adults, salicylate intoxication in, 354-355 withdrawal seizures. Aerophagia, following tracheostomy, 721 Alcohol withdrawal seizures, 1058 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 1103 pathophysiology, 1059 use in pregnancy, 140-142. See also spe- biochemical pathogenesis, 1059-1060 cific drugs. kindling, 1060 traumatic injury and, 192 structural alterations, 1061-1062 use in prosthetic device infections, 863- toxic and metabolic considerations, 876 1060-1061 Anticholinergic toxicity, antidote, 324, 326- phenytoin use in, 1066-1068 327 treatment, 1068-1071 of Jimson weed, 501 Alkalinization, of urine, in salicylate Anticoagulation therapy, in prosthetic intoxication, 358-359 heart valve patients, 626 Allergy medication, pediatric poisoning, bleeding risk, 624-625 560, 565 Anticonvulsant drug therapy, 935-937 Altered consciousness. See Consciousness, for children, 983-985 altered. effect on fetus, 1015-1016 Altered mental state, patient treatment in management of status epilepticus, guidelines, 301. See also “Coma 947-952 cocktail’’; individual drugs. preventing recurrent febrile seizures, 997 Antidepressants, classification, 533, 534 Amanita phalloides mushroom poisoning, cyclic. See Cyclic antidepressants. 447 pharmacology, 533-535 American College of Emergency tricyclic, 533-534 Physicians, seizure patient approach Antidotal therapy, availability, 317-318 policy, 895-896 clinical considerations, 318 AMESLAN language, 790 patient monitoring during, 318 4—Amino-pyridine (4—AP), in management specificity, 318 of calcium channel blocker toxicity, Antidote(s), to anticholinergic toxicity, 324, 378-379 326 Amnesia, complex partial seizures and, 900 common pediatric, 557-558 Amnionitis. See Chorioamnionitis. to cyanide poisoning, 322-324, 325, 474 Amniotic fluid, infection of. See digoxin-specific (FAB) antibody frag- Chorioamnionitis. ments as, 318-319, 322 meconium-stained, 251-252 to ethylene glycol and methanol poison- testing alkalinity of, 183 ing, 329-330 Amniotic membranes, premature rupture for Haz-Mat exposures, 473-474 of, 204-206 in methemoglobinemia, 330-332, 474 infection following. See new and established, use of, 317-332 Chorioamnionitis. to organophosphate poisoning, 327-329, Ampicillin, for treatment of 474 chorioamnionitis, 109 recommended stock quantities, 318-321 for treatment of septic abortion, 110 Anti-eclamptic therapy, 82-83 Analgesics, use in pregnancy, 142-143 Antiemetic therapy, hyperemesis Anemia, in prosthetic heart valve patients, gravidarum, 117 626 in pregnancy, 144 Anesthesia, local, use during pregnancy, theophylline overdose, 426 146 Antiepileptic drug therapy, 936-937 Aneurysms, following AV fistula surgery, for children, 980, 985-986 674 effect on fetus, 1015-1016 Angiography, in pregnant trauma patient, maternal breast milk and, 921 185 pharmacologic data, 915 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, pregnancy and, 920-921 for treatment of chronic hypertension planning, 1014 in pregnant patient, 85-86 preventing posttraumatic seizures, 936— Anophthalmic socket, prosthesis for, 786- 937 797, 798 as prophylactic therapy, posttraumatic Anoxic-ischemic events, seizure versus, in seizures, 1085-1086 children, 974-976 recurrent seizures, 937 Antagonists, common pediatric, 557-558 Antihistamine(s), clinical effects, 485 Antibiotics, prophylaxis use in prosthetic nonprescription, hazards of, 483-486 heart valve patients, 626 pediatric poisoning, 565 1104 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 Antihistamine(s) (Continued) urinary retention and, 74 use in pregnancy, 139-140 ASA. See Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Antihistamine toxicity, seizures induced Asian folk remedies, 501 by, 1038-1039 Asphyxia, neonatal, physiology of, 242-243 Antihypertensive therapy, in pregnancy, Aspiration, percutaneous feeding tube 80-82 placement and, 818 Antioxidants, neuroprotective role of, Aspirin preparations. See also Acetylsalicylic 1085-1086 acid (ASA). Antiplatelet activity, salicylate intoxication bleeding risk in prosthetic heart valve and, 353 patients, 624-625 Antipyretic medication, febrile seizures enteric-coated and sustained-release, 356 and, 995 overdose. See Salicylate intoxication. Antitussive(s), nonprescription, hazards of, use during pregnancy, 143 486-488 Astemizole, pediatric poisoning, 560, 565 pediatric poisoning, 559, 561-562 Asthma, pregnancy and, 122-123 treating systemic effects caused by, 487- Atelectasis plugs, tracheal tubes and, 717 488 Atonic seizures, described, 897, 898 Anxiety, tracheostomy decannulation and, Atony, uterine. See Uterine atony. 723 Atresia, bilateral choanal, in newborn, 252 as transvenous pacemaker complication, Atropine, anticholinergic effects, antidote 641 for, 324, 326 Aortic position, examining patients with in management of calcium channel prosthetic heart valve in, 600-601 blocker toxicity, 378 Aorto-enteric fistulas, as complication of as organophosphate antidote, 327-328 vascular prostheses, 659-662 Attack(s), distinguishing seizures from, clinical presentation, 660 926-927 diagnosis, 660-662 drop attacks, 897, 898 pathogenesis, 659-660 panic attacks as transvenous pacemaker surgical intervention, 662 complication, 641 4-AP. See 4—Amino-pyridine (4—AP). shuddering attacks in children, 976 APAP (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol). See Augmentation mammaplasty, Acetaminophen. complications, autoimmune APAP intoxication. See Acetaminophen diseases, 810-811 poisoning. early postoperative, 807-808 APGAR scores, for neonatal status, 210, 245 late postoperative, 808-809 Apnea, neonatal, 243 epidemiology, 801-802 Apoplexy, pituitary, in postpartum patient, FDA controversy over, 811 234 Appendicitis, acute, in pregnant patient, and female breast anatomy, 802, 803 implant location, 804, 805, 806 153-154 Arnold-Chiari malformation, elevated ICP implant types, 804, 806-807 incision types, 802-804 and, 782 Arrhythmias. See Cardiac arrhythmias. indications for, 802 Aura, migraine and, 975 Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas, and shunts, accessing procedure, 683 in sensory seizures, 929, 964, 965 surgery for, complications following, AUS. See Artificial urinary sphincter (AUS). 671-674 Autoimmune disease, in augmentation T-E iatrogenic, 720 mammaplasty patients, 810-811 tracheocutaneous, following tracheal Automatic implantable cardioverter- decannulation, 721 defibrillators (AICD), 579-592 tracheoesophageal, 720 biomechanics, 580-583 Arthroplasty. See Total hip arthroplasty; complications, 585, 587-589 Total knee arthroplasty. long-term, 587, 588 Artificial urinary sphincter (AUS), 740-742, short-term, 587, 588 743, 744 cost factors, 584 erosion of, 744 discharge from, inadvertent, 587, 588, infections associated with, 743 589 mechanical failure of, 742-743 causes, 588 recurrent incontinence and, 745 evaluation, 590 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 1105 emergency department management, life-threatening. See Bronchodilator over- 589-592 dose, life-threatening. historical perspective, 579-580 B-blockers, pharmacokinetic properties, inactivation, inadvertent, 589 371-372 indications and contraindications for, 584 B-blocker toxicity, and calcium channel interrogation of, 583 blocker, 365-382 patient candidates for, 583-584 clinical manifestations, 372, 373-374 surgical techniques, 584-585 management, 375-380 Automatisms, in complex partial seizures, in acute cases, 380-382 900 enhanced elimination, 380 Avoidance maneuvers, in psychogenic gastrointestinal decontamination, 379- seizure patient evaluation, 1006 380 Awakening, epilepsy with generalized nonspecific therapy, 379 tonic-clonic seizures on, 903-904 specific therapy, 375-378 Azidothymidine. See Zidovudine (ZDV). mechanism, 369-371 treatment endpoints, 381-382 treatment priorities, 372 Beta-mimetic drugs, in tocolytic therapy, Babinski sign, in seizure patients, 1005 203 Bacillus sp. infection, of indwelling lines, use in pregnant trauma patient, 193 685 Bicarbonate, use in neonatal resuscitation, Bacteriuria, following traumatic urinary 249-250 catheter removal, 732-733 Bilateral choanal atresia, in newborn, 252 Baker classification, of capsular Bileaflet valve. See St. Jude valve. Biliary stents, complications of, 836 contracture, 809 early, 836-837, 839-841 Bala Goli, 501 late, 838, 841-844 Barbiturate anesthesia, in management of migration, 842-843 status epilepticus, 951 evaluating patient with, 827 Barbiturates, in treatment of alcohol-related metal, self-expanding type, complications and withdrawal seizures, 1070 of, 843 Basilar migraine, 975 placement of, 833-836 Batteries, disc (button), pediatric poisoning and, 564 Bioprosthetic heart valves, characteristics of, 607 Bay K 8644, in management of calcium composition of, 624 channel blocker toxicity, 379 durability of, 623 Benign childhood epilepsy with examination of patients with, in aortic centrotemporal spikes, 904 position, 601 Benign rolandic epilepsy, 977 Bird’s nest filter (BNF), 648-649 Benzodiazepine(s), for absence seizure tilting considerations, 651 control, 969 Birth defects, antiepileptic drugs causing, adverse reactions to, 308 1015-1016 in management of status epilepticus, Bites, spider. See Brown recluse spider bite. 947-948 Bjork-Shiley single tilting disk valve, overdose, flumazenil in diagnosis and characteristics of, 604 management of. See Flumazenil. durability of, 622-623 in treatment of alcohol-related and with- examination of patients with, 601 drawal seizures, 1069-1070 in aortic position, 601 in treatment of epileptic pregnant pa- in mitral position, 601 tient, 124-125 Blackouts, first-time seizure diagnosis and, use in pregnancy, 145-146 930 Beriberi, cardiovascular, thiamine Bladder perforation, by urinary catheter, deficiency and, 312 733 Beta-adrenergic agonists, in overdose, 415 Blank spells, first-time seizure diagnosis management, 418 and, 930 and theophylline compared, 416 Bleeding. See Hemorrhage; Postpartum pharmacology, 416-417 hemorrhage; Vaginal bleeding. relative selectivity of agents, 417 Blood circulation, circulatory support for toxic manifestations, 417-418 patient in status epilepticus, 945, 947 1106 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 Blood circulation (Continued) life-threatening toxicity, management of, fetal, before and after birth, 240, 242 cardiovascular effects, 428-429 maternal, maintaining stability of, 172- central nervous system effects, 429 176 charcoal hemoperfusion, 430, 431 Blood cultures, in prosthetic heart valve exchange transfusion in neonates and patients, 626 small infants, 432 Blood pressure, depressed. See Hypotension. extracorporeal removal, 430 elevated. See Hypertension. hemodialysis versus peritoneal dialy- measurement issues in pregnancy, 73-74. sis, 431 See also Hypertensive disorders, of plasmapheresis, 431-432 pregnancy. Broviac catheter, 693-694 trauma and, 172 Brown recluse spider bite, 448-449 Blood transfusion, for resuscitation of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for, 449 pregnant patient, 174 management recommendations, 449-450 Blunt trauma, during pregnancy, 187-189 Bullet wounds, in pregnant patient, 189 BNF. See Bird’s nest filter (BNF). Burns, esophageal, caustic exposure Bone conduction hearing aids, 789 causing, 564 Bowel, irrigation of. See Whole bowel in pregnant patient, 191 irrigation. Butryophenones, in treatment of alcohol- Bowel obstruction, following percutaneous related and withdrawal seizures, 1070- feeding tube placement, 819 1071 in pregnant patient, 154-155 Button batteries, pediatric poisoning and, Brain abnormalities, 564 electroencephalographic identification, 1097 seizure classification by, 930-931 severity-and prognosis determination, Caged ball mechanical valve, 604 1097 characteristics of, 604 Brain death, electroencephalographic examination of patients with, in aortic determination of, 1097 position, 600 Brain injury, and posttraumatic epilepsy, in mitral position, 601 biochemical aspects, 1082-1083 Calcium, in management of calcium diagnostic imaging, 1083-1084 channel blocker toxicity, 375-376 general mechanisms, 1081-1082 Calcium channel antagonists, potential predictive factors, 1083, 1084 neuroprotective role of, 1086 prophylaxis and treatment, 1085-1086 Calcium channel blockers, characteristics, therapeutic recommendations, 1086 368 Breast, augmentation of. See Augmentation metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 369 mammaplasty. muscle contractions and other effects, female, anatomy, 802, 803 366 Breast-feeding, drugs contraindicated pharmacology, 366-369 during, 133, 921 in tocolytic therapy, 203 drug therapy and, 130-131. See also Lac- for treatment of hypertension in preg- tation; Nursing infant. nancy, 82 Breast implants, 801-812. See also chronic form, 85 Augmentation mammaplasty. Calcium channel blocker toxicity, B-blocker Breast milk, antiepileptic drugs in, 921 and, 365-382 composition of, 131 clinical manifestations, 372-373 excretion of drugs into, 131-132 conditions enhancing, 373 Breath holding, in children, 974-975 management, 375-380 Breathing maintenance, in pregnant trauma in acute cases, 380-382 patient, 171-172 enhanced elimination, 380 British Pacing and Electrophysiology gastrointestinal elimination, 379-380 Group, generic pacemaker codes, 633- investigational agents, 378-379 634 nonspecific therapy, 379 Bronchodilator overdose, concepts and specific therapy, 375-378 controversies of, 415-432. See also treatment endpoints, 381--382 Beta-adrenergic agonists, in overdose; treatment priorities, 372 Theophylline overdose. Calcium gluconate, as antidote, 474 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 1107 Calcium ion flux, cellular traumatic effects Cardiovascular drug overdose. See also B- and, 1083 blocker toxicity; Calcium channel blocker Candida sp. infection, of indwelling lines, toxicity. suspected acute, management of, 380- Cannulas, inner and outer, removal from 382 tracheostomy patients, 715-716 Cardiovascular system, bronchodilator CAPD. See Continuous ambulatory peritoneal overdose and, 428-429 dialysis (CAPD). cyclic antidepressant overdose and, 540 Capillary membrane permeability, iron lithium intoxication and, 515-516, 521 toxicity and, 400 normal pregnancy versus preeclampsia, Capsular contracture, as augmentation 76-77 mammaplasty complication, 808-809 Cardioverter-defibrillators, automatic Baker classification, 809 implantable. See Automatic implantable Carbamate insecticide poisoning, cardioverter-defibrillators (AICD). treatment, 474 Carpentier-Edwards-SAV valve, Carbamazepine, for seizure control, 969 characteristics of, 606 preventing recurrence in children, 936— Carpentier-Edwards valve, characteristics 937 of, 606 Carbon monoxide poisoning, 439-440 Catecholamine ortho methyl transferase hyperbaric oxygen therapy for, 440-441 (COMT), beta-adrenergic agonists and, indications, 441-442 416-417 pregnant patient guidelines, 442-443 Catecholamines, in management of calcium management recommendations, 442, 443 channel blocker toxicity, 376-377 seizures induced by, 1040-1041 Cathartics, for gastrointestinal decontamination, 292 Carbon tetrachloride ingestions, 446-447 complications and contraindications, 292 hyperbaric oxygen therapy, 447 indications and administration, 292-293 management recommendations, 447 Catheterization, for drug administration in Carboprost. See Prostaglandins. neonatal resuscitation, 247-248 Cardiac arrest, in cyclic antidepressant urinary catheter insertion technique, overdose, 541 731-732 in patient in halo pin immobilization, Catheter retention balloon, nondeflating, 776 734-735 in pregnant trauma patient, 193-194 rupture of, 734 Cardiac arrhythmias, bronchodilator Catheters, complications following overdose causing, 429 percutaneous feeding tube as cyclic antidepressant overdose mani- placement, 819 festation, 536 preventive techniques, 821 treatment, 540-541 long-term indwelling central venous, pacemaker-induced, 637, 638-639 693-695. See also individually named theophylline-induced, 420 catheters. Cardiac auscultation, in prosthetic heart complications of, 695-700 valve patients, 625 infusion port management, 700-701 Cardiac drugs, use in pregnancy, 144-145 urinary. See Urinary catheters. Cardiac flow, fetal, pulsed Doppler Caustic exposure, pediatric poisoning, disc examination, 33-34 batteries, 564 Cardiac pacing, calcium channel blocker liquids, 564 toxicity and, 379 CCPD. See Continuous cycling peritoneal Cardiomyopathy, peripartum. See dialysis (CCPD). Peripartum cardiomyopathy. Cefoxitin, for treatment of Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), chorioamnionitis, 109 automatic implantable cardioverter- Ceftriaxone, for treatment of gonorrhea, defibrillator and, 591-592 102 Cardiorespiratory arrest/distress, in patient Cellular damage, iron toxicity and, 400-401 in halo pin immobilization, 776 Central nervous system (CNS), Cardiotocography (CTG), 34-35 bronchodilator overdose and, 429 Cardiotoxins, herbal, 497 effect of salicylate on, 353 Cardiovascular beriberi, thiamine adults versus children, 354 deficiency and, 312 lithium intoxication and, 513 1108 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 Central nervous system (CNS) toxicity, Chlordiazepoxide, in treatment of alcohol- cyclic antidepressant overdose related and withdrawal seizures, 1070 causing, 537 Chloroform intoxication, 447 treatment of, 542 Cholangitis, biliary stent causing, 839 lithium intoxication and, 519-520, 525 Cholecystitis, in pregnant patient, 155-156 Centrotemporal spikes, benign childhood Cholinergic syndrome, antidotes for, 327- epilepsy with, 904 329 Cephalosporins, use during pregnancy, 140 Chorioamnionitis, adverse consequences, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts, 779-785 108 dysfunctional, clinical work-up for, 783- clinical signs and symptoms, 206 784 clinical versus histologic, 106-107 evaluation of, 780-781 diagnosis, 107 neurosurgical consultation for, 784 organisms associated with, 107 identification methods, 781 perinatal mortality and, 108 infections, 782-783, 868-869 premature rupture of amniotic mem- testing of, 781-782 branes and, 204 Cerebrovascular events, in postpartum and preterm labor, 107, 108 patient, 234 risk factors for, 107 Cervical fractures, upper body treatment regimen, 108-109 immobilization. See Halo traction device. Choriocarcinoma, 47-48 Cesarean section, perimortem, 194-195 Chronic hypertension, in pregnancy, Charcoal, activated. See Activated charcoal. preeclampsia superimposed on, 78-79 Charcoal hemoperfusion, in life-threatening treatment, 84-87 toxicity, 431 Chronic indwelling catheters. See theophylline removal, 430 Indwelling vascular access devices. Chelation therapy, in iron poisoning, 406- Chronic venous access catheters (CVACs), 407 680 Chemical contamination, circumstances accessing procedures, 681-682 suggesting, 462, 463 Circulation/circulatory support. See Blood protecting personnel against, 468-470 circulation. Chemicals, recognizing hazard of, 462 Cleaning, of tracheostomy, 712 toxic, identifying in hazardous materials Clindamycin, for treatment of incident, 463, 465-466 chorioamnionitis, 109 Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), syrup for treatment of septic abortion, 110 of ipecac action and, 286 Clonidine, pediatric poisoning, 561 Chen-Fen, 501 for treatment of chronic hypertension in Chest compressions, in neonatal pregnant patient, 85 resuscitation, 246-247, 248 Coagulopathies, postpartum hemorrhage Chest encirclement technique, for chest and, 226 compressions, 247 Cocaine, cardiovascular problems Chest pain, from cocaine use. See Cocaine associated with. See Cocaine chest pain. chest pain. pathophysiology and clinical effects, Chest radiography, identifying patients 391-392 with prosthetic heart valves, 599-600, pediatric poisoning, 565 604 Cocaine abuse, seizures induced by, 1041- Child(ren). See Neonate; Nursing infant; 1042 Pediatric patient. Cocaine chest pain, 391-394 Childhood absence epilepsy, 903 clinical evaluation, 392-393 Chlamydia trachomatis infection, prognosis, 394 characteristics of, 104 treatment, 393-394 diagnosis, 104 Cochlear implants, 790-781 incidence, 103-104 Codeine, use during pregnancy, 144, 191 in pregnant patient, 103-105 Cohn-Oncley fractionation process, 268 treatment regimen, 105 “Cold” medications, use in pregnancy, Chloral hydrate, in management of status 137-139 epilepticus, 950-951 Color flow imaging, diagnosis of pelvic Chloramphenicol, for treatment of septic pathology, 33-34 abortion, 110 Coma, pentobarbital, 1096-1097 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 1109 severity and prognosis of, electroenceph- Corpus luteal flow, pulsed Doppler alographic determination, 1097 examination, 33 “Coma cocktail,” dextrose in, 301-303 Corynebacterium sp., of indwelling lines, 685 flumazenil and, 303-310 Cost factors, automatic implantable naloxone in, 310-312 cardioverter-defibrillator use, 584 reappraisal of, 301-313 Cough medicine. See Antitussive(s). thiamine in, 312-313 Coumadin, NSAIDs interaction with, 625 Combined pregnancy, 65-66 CPR. See Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Communication, by tracheostomy patient, (CPR). 713 Cred’s maneuver, to reposition uterus, 223 Compartment syndrome, femoral nails CSF. See Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts. and, 859 CT. See Computed tomography (CT). Compazine. See Prochlorpromazine. CTG. See Cardiotocography (CTG). Complete abortion, 47 CTZ. See Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ). Complex partial seizures, 898-900, 929 Cuff erosion, of artificial urinary sphincter, nonconvulsive, 965 744 Complex partial status epilepticus, 900, Cuffs, use with tracheostomy tube, 710 1092 Culdocentesis, in diagnosis of ectopic treatment, 1095-1096 pregnancy, 17, 63-64 Complicated migraine, 975 current indications, 21-22 Computed tomography (CT), in alcohol- indeterminant results, 19, 20-21 related seizure patients, 1063 negative results, 19, 20, 21 in first-time seizure evaluation, 933-934 positive results, 19-20, 21 in posttraumatic seizure diagnosis, 1084 procedure, 17-19 in pregnant trauma patient, 184-185 Cullen’s sign, 59 blunt abdominal trauma evaluation, CVACs. See Chronic venous access catheters 185-186 (CVACs). in status epilepticus diagnosis, 954 Cyanide antidote kit, 322-324, 474 in children, 980 administration, 323 Congenital syphilis, 99-100 indications, 324 Congestive heart failure, following AV precautions and side effects, 324 fistula surgery, 671 Cyanide poisoning, 444 Consciousness, altered, as seizure antidotes, 322-324, 325, 474. See also Cy- characteristic, 927 anide antidote kit. assessment in evaluation of first-time hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, 444- seizure, 932 445 differential diagnosis in childhood, 899 management recommendations, 445 electroencephalographic evaluation of, Cyanotic breath holding, in children, 974 1089-1091. See also Coma; Cyclic antidepressant overdose(s), clinical Seizure(s); Syncope. presentation, 537-539 Contamination, chemical. See Chemical patient disposition, 542-543 contamination. review, 533-543 Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis seizures induced by, 1031, 1033 (CAPD), 759-768 systemic manifestations, 536-537 complications associated with, abdomi- treatment, 539-542 nal, 766-768 Cyclic antidepressants, muscarinic and infectious, 763-765, 869-871 antihistaminic effects, 535 mechanical, 765 overdose. See Cyclic antidepressant over- metabolic, 766 dose(s). volume status, 766 pathophysiology, 535-537 technique, 760-762 pharmacology, 534-535 Continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis Cysts, ovarian. See Ovarian cyst(s). (CCPD), 761-762 Cytochrome oxidase, hydroxycobalamin Conversion disorders, psychogenic seizures and, 324, 325 and, 1002 Convulsive generalized seizures, described, 896-897 Convulsive status epilepticus. See Status DDI. See Dideoxynosine (DDI). epilepticus. Deaf patient, implants for, 790-791 1110 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1994 Death, fetal. See Fetal demise. multiple dose-activated charcoal. See maternal. See Maternal death. Multiple dose-activated charcoal. Decannulation complications, following peritoneal. See Continuous ambulatory tracheostomy, 721-722, 723 peritoneal dialysis (CAPD); Peritoneal Decannulation panic, 723 dialysis. Decontamination, gastrointestinal. See Diaphragmatic hernia, in newborn, 252 Gastrointestinal decontamination. Diarrhea, following percutaneous feeding Haz-Mat incident victims, 470-473 tube placement, 818 suggested procedures, 470-471 inducing for gastrointestinal decontami- in management of drug- and toxin- nation, 292-293 induced seizures, 1031 Diastolic sounds, measuring blood pressure Deep vein thrombophlebitis, in postpartum in pregnancy, 73-74 patient, 233-234 Diazepam, in management of status pregnancy and, 119 epilepticus, 948 Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), as in treatment of alcohol-related and with- complication of total hip arthroplasty, drawal seizures, 1069, 1070 851 use during pregnancy, 145-146 Deferoxamine (DFO), as iron chelator, 406- Diazoxide, for treatment of hypertension in 407 pregnancy, 81 discontinuation criteria, 408-409 Dideoxynosine (DDI), for treatment of HIV toxicity, 409 infection, 95 Dehydration, in CAPD patients, 766 Digitalis herbal preparations, hazards associated with, 497 Deja vu experiences, in seizures, complex Digoxin-specific (Fab) antibody fragments, partial, 929 as antidotes, 318-319 simple partial nonconvulsive, 964 complications, 319, 322 Delaved postpartum hemorrhage, 227 dosage, 322 Delirium tremens (DTs), during alcohol Diphenhydramine toxicity, seizures withdrawal, 1058 induced by, 1038-1039 Delivery. See Labor and delivery. Dipyridamole, use by prosthetic heart Denial, as transvenous pacemaker valve patients, 624-625 complication, 641 Directed violence, in psychogenic seizures, Dental procedures, prophylaxis for at-risk 1002 PVE patients, 619-620 Direct latex particle agglutination (DLA) Depression, as transvenous pacemaker slide test, 10 complication, 641 Disc batteries, pediatric poisoning and, 564 Dermatitis, pacemaker, 640 Discharge, from automatic implantable Dermatologic manifestations, of lithium cardioverter-defibrillator, 587, 588, 589 intoxication, 516 causes, 588 Desferal. See Deferoxamine (DFO). evaluation, 590 Detoxification, alcohol withdrawal and, Discomfort. See also Pain. facilities for, 1072 of indwelling renal stent, 755-756 in pediatric poisoning emergency man- Disk escape, causing prosthetic heart valve agement, 552, 554-558 failure, 623 Developmental toxicants, 134-137 Dislocation, as complication of total Dextromethorphan, hazards of, 486-488 arthroplasty, hip, 853 pediatric poisoning, 561-562 knee, 856 use in pregnancy, 139 Disseminated intervascular coagulation Dextrose, in management of patient with (DIC), blunt trauma and, 188 altered mental status, 301-303 postpartum hemorrhage and, 226 reappraisal of the “coma cocktail,” 301- Diuresis, forced and forced alkaline, in 313 salicylate intoxication, 357-358 DFO. See Deferoxamine (DFO). Diuretics, for treatment of chronic Diabetes, pregnancy and, 122-123 hypertension in pregnant patient, 86- Diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL), for 87 abdominal trauma evaluation in DLA. See Direct latex particle agglutination pregnant patient, 185 (DLA) slide test. Dialysis, hemodialysis. See Hemodialysis; Documentation, importance of, 195 Hemodialysis patients. Done nomogram, use and misuse, 355-356