EGYPTIAN AND SEMITO-HAMITIC (AFRO-ASIATIC) STUDIES IN MEMORIAM W VYCICHL STUDIES IN SEMITIC LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS EDITEDBY T. MURAOKA AND C. H. M. VERSTEEGH VOLUME XXXIX EGYPTIAN AND SEMITO-HAMITIC (AFRO-ASIATIC) STUDIES IN MEMORIAM W VYCICHL EGYPTIAN AND SEMITO-HAMITIC (AFRO-ASIATIC) STUDIES IN MEMORIAM W VYCICHL EDITED BY GABOR TARACS BRILL LEIDEN· BOSTON 2004 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Egyptian and Semito-Hamitic (Afro-Asiatic) studies : in memoriam W. Vycichl / edited by Gäbor Tabes. p. cm. - (Studies in Semitic languages and linguistics, ISSN 0081-8461 ; v.39) Consists of articles in English, French, and German. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 90-04-13245-7 (hard back) I. Afroasiatic languages. 2. Egyptian philology. I. Vycichl, Werner. 11. Takäcs, Gäbor. 111. Studies in Semitic languages and linguistics ; 39 PJ992.E33 2003 492-dc21 2003052101 ISSN 0081-8461 ISBN 90 04 13245 7 © Copyright 2004 ~ Koninklijke Brill.Nv, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part qf this publication mqy be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in a1!Y firm or ~ a1!Y means, eleetronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items fir internal or personal use is granted ~ Koninklijke Brill provided that the appropriate Jees are paid direetly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Danvers ,MA 01923, USA. Fees are subjeet to change. PRINfED IN THE NETHERLANDS CONTENTS Werner Vycichl (1909-1999)-biographical sketch Gribor T akrics ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ...... .. .. .. .. .... ..... .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. lX SECTION ONE EGYPTOLOGY AND COPTOLOGY The Lexical Item NFT of an Old Egyptian Inscription 3 Francesco Aspesi Ein aramäisches Lehnwort für "Katarakt" in der Beschreibung Elephantines auf der Hungersnotstele 13 Francis Amadeus Kar! Breyer Third Consonants in Ancient Egyptian ... ........... ...... .... .......... 33 Christopher Ehret "Oh komm guter Zwerg, komm ..." -Über den religiösen Hintergrund der Patäken-Amulette im Neuen Reich ........ 55 Hedvig 00ry Beitrage zur Lexikographie 1: Mögliche Phantomwörter im HLI ........................................................................................ 69 Rainer Hannig Time paradoxes in Religious Literature . ............. .................... 98 t Uzsd6 Krikosy Joh 2 in koptischer Sicht ........................................................ 103 4 Ulrich Lift Remarques sur quelques etymo1ogies coptes ...... ................ .... 110 Dimitri Meeks Beiträge zur koptischen Etymologie ............ ................... ........... 116 Joachim Friedrich Qyack Omofoni ...................................................................................... 134 Alessandro Roccati Hurrisch biarobbe "Goldenes" als Fachterminus im Ägyptischen ............................................................................ 137 17lOmas Schneider vi CONTENTS SECTION TWO SEMITIC LINGUISTICS For an Interpretation of Eb1aic ne-si-in .................................... 141 Pelio Fronzaroli New Etymo10gies for Common Semitic Anima1 Names ........ 144 Leonid Kogan & Alexander Militarev An Egyptian Cognate for Ugaritic QWY (II)? .......................... 155 Wilfred G.E. Watson Traces of iptaras in Arabic ........................................................ 160 Andrzd ;:,aborski SEC TI ON THREE BEJA LINGUISTICS Beja as a Cushitic Language 175 David Appleyard Beja Identity in Tu BeqawiE 195 Marianne Bechhaus-Gerst Quelques observations sur 1es correspondances voca1iques dans 1es themes verbaux semitiques et du bedja ......... ... .... 205 Anna G. Be/ova Beja Pronouns and G1ides: Dia1ects in Search of Optima 217 Klaus Wedekind SECTION FOUR CHADIC LINGUISTICS a Preliminaires une etude de la langue kajakse d'Am-Dam, de toram du Salamat, d'ubi de Guera et de masmaje du Batha-Est (Tchad) .................................................................. 229 Khalil Alio Genitive Constructions in South Bauchi (West Chadic) Languages, Zul and Polchi, with Comparisons to Ancient Egyptian .................................................................... 286 Ronald Cosper & Garba Mohammed Gital A Grammatical Sketch of Goemai: Word Classes .................. 296 Birgit Hellwig CONTENTS Vll Das Birgit, eine osttschadische Sprache-Vokabular und grammatische Notizen ............................................................ 342 Hemnann Jungraithmayr Frühe lexikalische Quellen zum Wandala (Mandara) und das Rätsel des Stammauslauts .............................................. 372 H. Ekkehard Wolf & Chris!fried Naumann SEC TI ON FIVE COMPARATIVE SEMITO-HAMITIC (AFRO-ASIATIC) LINGUISTICS Etymology of Some Hamito-Semitic (Mroasiatic) Animal Names ...................................................................................... 417 Aharon B. DolgopolsJry The Two Negatives {n} and {m} in Egyptian and Their Counterparts in Distantly Related Languages .................... 437 Saul Levin -s Some N otes on the Ethio-Semitic Particle -si and the Egyptian js ............... ............... ......... .... ....... ....... .... .... ............. 441 Adrian Macelaru An Outline of Comparative Egypto-Semitic Morphology 454 Aaron Rubin Statuses and Cases of the Mroasiatic Personal Pronouns 487 Helmut Satzinger Towards Reconstructuring a Proto-Hamito-Semitic Lateral Sibilant (*5) .............................................................................. 499 Giga V. Stolbova Lexica Mroasiatica III .............................................................. 510 Gribor Takrics Indices of Personal Names ........................................................ 551 Indices of Languages .................................................................. 561 s r e b r e B a w Si e h f t o r e b m e m st e d ol e h t h wit 7 8 9 1 n i hl c ci y V r e n r e W WERNER VYCICHL (1909-1999) The last great representative of the old generation of Egypto-Semitic and Afro-Asiatic (Semito-Hamitic)I comparative linguistics is gone. Together with W.A. Ward and C.T. Hodge, both of whom passed away recendy (in 1996 and in 1998, respectively), he belonged to what can be described as the "old school" of Egypto-Semitic (and Egypto-Afro-Asiatic) studies, a rather neglected field of research, which was "kept alive" on the behalf of Egyptology up to the 1990s practically only by these three long surviving scholars. The range of W. Vycichl's scholarly activities was enormously wide, going far beyond the limits of Afro-Asiatic: Egyptian language history, vocalisation of Old Egyptian, Coptic language and culture, Arabic (esp. its Egyptian and Sudanese dialects), Amharic, Berberology, Beja (Bed'awye), and Hausa (Chadic) linguistics, Armenian, and even Finno-Ugric languages (including Hungarian). In remembrance of W. Vycichl, already two memorial volumes have recendy appeared in two different areas of his activities: Egyptian philology2 and Berberology.3 The present volume is paying homage to his memory and scholarly heritage with a collection of articles contributing to the huge domain to which W. Vycichl devoted his research most intensively and extensively: Afro-Asiatic languages (excepting Berber)4 and comparative Afro-Asiatic 1inguistics. I W. Vycichl used the traditional term "Semito-Hamitic" (kept in the title of this volume and in certain further cases out of respect for hirn), which, however, has been recently replaced by JH. Greenberg's scientifically more correct and commonly accepted "Afro-Asiatic" (and I.M. Diakonoff's "Afrasian" used in the Russian works). 2 Bulletin de La Soeieti d'Egyptologie, Geneve 23 (1999). 3 Nalt-Zerrad, K. (ed.): Artieles de linguistique berbere. Memorial Wemer Vyeiehl. Paris, 2002, L'HarmaUan. Originally, still in late 1999 and early 2000, when I put forward the idea of an 4 Afro-Asiatic Gedenksehrifi for W. Vycichl, K. NaYt-Zerrad and I were thinking of one common volume for all Afro-Asiatic contributions, but-due to the quantity of the incoming papers-we soon realized the need for two separate and fully independent volumes: one purely Berberological (undertaken by K. Nalt-Zerrad) and a further one comprising all the rest of the Afro-Asiatic language family (initiated by G. Talcics). x G. TAKAes Since a detailed biography and bibliography of W. Vycichl has been most recently published,5 this remembrance will be restricted to mentioning only the most important facts of his life. He graduated from the famous Institut für Ägyptologie und Aftikanistik der Universität Wien (founded by Leo Reinisch, directed later by Wilhelm Czermak) in 1932 with a Ph.D. dissertation entitled Untersuchungen über das Hausa-Dialekt von Kano (which was partly published in his fun damental study on the comparison of Hausa and Egyptian).6 He spent 5 years (1934-38) in Luxor, thanks to which he possessed an excellent knowledge of Arabic and its Egyptian dialect. His joint research with William H. Worrell (University of Michigan), a highly esteemed specialist of the subject, on the survival of Coptic tradi tions in Upper Egypt started in 1936 in Luxor, which resulted in their joint work on the Popular Traditions qf the Coptic Language.7 The Second World War interrupted his career for a while. In 1947, he married Armene Vycichl (stemming from the Armenian Barsamian family), 8 a loving wife for his entire life.9 The period between 1948 and 1960 he spent in Paris. In 1960, he moved to Geneve. His aca demic career restarted in fact only in 1968, when he was appointed privat-docent of the University of Fribourg (he became a prqftsseur titu laire in 1973). He took part in the foundation of the Sociiti rEgyp tologie Geneve in 1978 accepting the position of the vice president. He retired from the university of Fribourg in 1980, and devoted all his time to completing his long awaited magnum opus, Dictionnaire ety mologique de la langue copte (Louvain, 1983, Peeters), which was fol- 5 A. Vycichl: "Werner Vycichl: eli~ments biographiques." = Nait-Zerrad, K. (ed.): Op. cit., pp. 15-17. G. Takacs: Publications de Werner Vycichl. = Ibidem, pp. 19-4l. A further version of the biography and the bibliography was published by Mme Armene Vycichl in the 54/2002 issue of the journal "Discussions in Egyptology" (Oxford), pp. 5-33. A bibliography listing th~ works published by W. Vycichl in 1933-1980 appeared in Bulletin de La Sociüe d'Egyptologie, Geneve 4 (1980), 9-18. A third biogra phy appeared in the journal Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes 91 (2001), 9-14. 6 "Hausa und Ägyptisch. Ein Beitrag zur historischen Hamitistik." = Mitteilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen an der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin 37 (1934),36-116. 7 In: Coptic Texts qf the Universiry qf Michigan Collection. Ann Arbor, 1942. The University of Michigan. pp. 294-354. 8 The painful history of this family has been painted by Meguerditch Barsamian in his poetic "Histoire du village qui meurt" (Paris, 1990, V. et A. Barsamian). 9 I wish to express my best thanks to Mme Armene Vycichl (Geneve) for her vivid attention, enthusiasm, and all the information with which she helped the prepa ration of this volume.