EFFECTIVENESS OF AUM MEDITATION ON SUBJECTIVE WELLBEING AMONG OLDER ADULTS AT SELECTED OLD AGE HOMES, SALEM By Reg.No: 301331402 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE TAMILNADU DR. M.G.R. MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NURSING PSYCHIATRIC (MENTAL HEALTH) NURSING APRIL - 2015 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Effectiveness of AUM Meditation on Subjective Wellbeing among Older Adults at Selected Oldage Homes, Salem’’ is a bonafide work done by Mrs. Dhanya .T. Pillai ,Sri Gokulam college of Nursing, Salem in partial fulfilment of the university rules and regulation for the award of Master of Science in Nursing under the guidance and supervision during the academic year 2015. Name & Signature of the Guide : ………………………………………………… Prof. S.VANITHA, M.Sc (N)., Professor and Head of the Department, Mental Health Nursing, Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, Salem - 636 010. Name & Signature of the Head of Department : ………………………………………………… Prof. S.VANITHA, M.Sc (N)., Professor and Head of the Department, Mental Health Nursing, Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, Salem - 636 010. Name & Signature of the Dean/ Principal : ………………………………………………… Prof. Dr. K. TAMIZHARASI, Ph.D (N)., Principal, Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, 3/836, Periyakalam, Neikkarapatti, Salem - 636 010. CERTIFICATE Certified that this is the bonafide work of Mrs.Dhanya.T.Pillai, Final Year M.Sc.(Nursing) Student of Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, Salem. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Nursing to the Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai under the Registration No. 301331402. College Seal: Signature: …………………………………………. Prof. Dr. K. TAMIZHARASI, Ph.D (N)., Principal, Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, 3/836, Periyakalam, Neikkarapatti, Salem - 636 010. EFFECTIVENESS OF AUM MEDITATION ON SUBJECTIVE WELLBEING AMONG OLDER ADULTS AT SELECTED OLD AGE HOMES, SALEM Approved by the Dissertation Committee on: 20.12.2014 Signature of the Clinical Speciality Guide: …………………………………………. Prof. S.VANITHA, M.Sc (N)., Professor and Head of the Department, Mental Health Nursing, Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, Salem - 636 010. Signature of the Medical Expert: ………………………………………….. Dr. C. BABU, M.D., Consultant Psychiatrist, Specialist in Deaddition and Child Psychiatry, Sri Gokulam Hospital, Salem - 636 004. ……………………………………… ………………………………………... Signature of the Internal Examiner Signature of the External Examiner with date with date ACKNOWLEDGEMENT “Gratitude can transform common days into thanksgiving, turn routine jobs into joy, and change ordinary opportunities into blessing”. I wish to express my humble and sincere gratitude to God Almighty, Who showered his blessing, strength, wisdom and support on the dazzling path to complete this research work in an efficient manner. I am sincerely thankful to Dr.K.Arthanari, M.D, Managing Trustee,Sri Gokulam College of Nursing for his encouragement, support and for the opportunity given to complete my project confidently and competently. It is my privilege to express a deepest sense of gratitude to our respected Principal Prof.Dr.K.Tamizharasi, Ph.D(N)., Sri Gokulam College of Nursing for her enduring catalytic encouragement, guidance and support without that this work would have been an unrealised distant dream. My special thanks are extended to Dr.C.Babu, M.D., Consultant Psychiatrist, Sri Gokulam Hospital, Salem, who provided me with treasured guidance and support throughout my study. I would like to offer my special thanks to Mrs. J. Kamini Charles, M.Sc(N)., Vice Principal and Research Coordinator, Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, Salem for her valuable suggestions, inspirational guidance and kind support for my research. I would like to thank Mrs. Lalitha P, M.Sc (N)., Professor and former HOD of Mental Health Nursing for her tremendous support and help. I am indebted to my Guide Mrs. S. Vanitha, M.Sc (N)., Professor and Head of Psychiatric Nursing Department for her immense support and guidance throughout the work. I am bounded with gratitude for her constant interest, untiring guidance, valuable suggestions, continuous support and encouragement to complete this research work. I extend my earnest thanks to Mrs. J.Devikanna., M.Sc(N), Associate professor, for her guidance, suggestion, support and motivation to make this study a feasible and a successful one. My sincere thanks goes to Mrs.D.Shoba Selvi, M.Sc.(N)., Mrs.Samaya Rani M.Sc.(N)., Mr.S.Nandakumar, M.Sc.(N)., and Mrs.Anusha, M.Sc.(N)., Lecturers, Department of Mental Health Nursing, for their guidance and support in the process of completion of this research work. A special note of thanks is expressed to All M.Sc (N)., Faculty Members Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, who rendered timely help and support to complete the study. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to The Manager,Tambras old age home Salem, for having given me permission to conduct my research in your old age home. I am thankful to Mrs.Banumathi M.A, B.Ed, M.Phil whose editing suggestions and precise sense of language were decisive towards the completion of this research study. I am obliged to the Medical and Nursing Experts for validating the tool and content used in this study. I would like to offer my special thanks to Mr. Jayaseelan P., Librarian, Sri Gokulam College of Nursing, Salem, and the librarians of the Tamilnadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University Chennai, NIMHANS, Bangalore for their helping hands in providing all needed literature to complete this research study. My sincere thanks goes to all the Study Samples, who took part in this study, without their cooperation and readiness to assist, the study would have not been possible. I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my husband Mr.Prasanth.R.Nair lovable parents Mr.T.D.Pillai, Mrs.Usha devi and my caring brother Mr. Rohith for their earnest prayers, endless patience, steadfast inspiration and support throughout my endeavor. My sincere and heartfelt thanks goes to Mr.Arun.G and Ms.Pricy Monica, who extended their help throughout my study. I express my profound thanks to Mr.Arun Alexander, Ms.Nithya Mathew and Friends who extended their help throughout my study and who have always been there to encourage and inspire me. Once again my immense thanks go to all the Members who are involved directly as well as indirectly in completing my Dissertation in an amazing manner. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER CONTENT PAGE NO I INTRODUCTION 1-12 (cid:190) Need for the Study 4 (cid:190) Statement of the Problem 6 (cid:190) Objectives 7 (cid:190) Operational Definitions 7 (cid:190) Assumptions 7 (cid:190) Hypotheses 8 (cid:190) Delimitations 8 (cid:190) Projected Outcomes 8 (cid:190) Conceptual Framework 8 II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 13-24 (cid:190) Literature related to subjective wellbeing in 13 older adults. (cid:190) Literature related to AUM Meditation 16 (cid:190) Literature related to Effectiveness of AUM 21 Meditation on subjective wellbeing among older adults. III METHODOLOGY 25-32 (cid:190) Research Approach 25 (cid:190) Research Design 25 (cid:190) Population 27 (cid:190) Description of the Setting 27 (cid:190) Sampling 27 (cid:190) Variables 28 (cid:190) Description of the Tool 29 (cid:190) Validity and Reliability 29 (cid:190) Pilot Study 30 (cid:190) Method of Data Collection 30 (cid:190) Plan for Data analysis 32 IV DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 33-53 V DISCUSSION 54-57 VI SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS 58-62 AND RECOMMENDATIONS BIBLIOGRAPHY 62-67 ANNEXURES i-xliv LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE TITLE NO NO 3.1  Scoring key for subjective wellbeing 29 4.1 Frequency and percentage distribution of samples according to 45 their pretest scores on level of subjective wellbeing among experimental and control group. 4.2 Frequency and Percentage distribution of older adults 46 according to their posttest scores on subjective wellbeing in experimental and control group. 4.3 Frequency and Percentage distribution of samples according to 47 their pre- posttest scores on level of subjective wellbeing in Experimental and control group. 4.4 Area wise Mean, SD, Mean percentage and differences in 48 mean percentage of pre test and post test in experimental and control group regarding the subjective wellbeing of older adults. 4.5 Mean, SD, Mean Difference and paired-‘t’ value on level of 49 subjective wellbeing among older adults in selected old age home in experimental group before and after Intervention. 4.6 Mean, SD and Independent-‘t’ value on level of subjective 50 wellbeing among older adults in experimental and control group after Intervention. 4.7 Chi-square test on the pre test level subjective wellbeing 51 among older adults and their Demographic Variables in experimental group. 4.8 Chi-square test on the pre test level subjective wellbeing 52 among older adults and their Demographic Variables in control group. LIST OF FIGURES FIGUR TITLE PAGE E NO. NO. 1.1 Conceptual framework based on modified J.W.Kenny’s open system model (1990) on effectiveness of AUM 11 meditation on subjective wellbeing among older adults. 3.1 Schematic Representation of Research Methodology 26 4.1 Percentage distribution of older adults according to their 35 age. 4.2 Percentage distribution of older adults according to their 36 gender 4.3 Percentage distribution of older adults according to their 37 marital status 4.4 Percentage distribution of older adults according to their 38 duration of stay in old age home 4.5 Percentage distribution of older adults according to their 39 hobbies 4.6 Percentage distribution of older adults according to their 40 sources of income 4.7 Percentage distribution of older adults according to their 41 medical illness 4.8 Percentage distribution of older adults according to the 42 mode of entry into old age home 4.9 Percentage distribution of older adults according to the 43 frequency of visit by their family members 4.10 Percentage distribution of older adults according to their 44 number of children