a testimony to church community the life and writings of eberhard arnold Please share this e-book with your friends. Feel free to e-mail it or print it in its entirety or in part, but please do not alter it in any way. If you wish to make multiple copies for wider distribution, or to reprint portions in a newsletter or periodical, please observe the following restrictions: • You may not reproduce it for commercial gain. • You must include this credit line: “Copyright 2007 by Plough Publishing House. Used with permission.” This e-book is a publication of Plough Publishing House, Farmington, PA 15437 USA (www.plough.com) and Robertsbridge, East Sussex, TN32 5DR, UK (www.ploughbooks.co.uk) Copyright © 2007 by Plough Publishing House Farmington, PA 15437 USA All Rights Reserved Contents introduction................................................................... v fire.song.......................................................................vii eberhard arnold’s life & work ......................................................1 a personal word by eberhard arnold .........................................16 from lectures and writings of eberhard arnold............................19 from eberhard arnold’s letters....................................................35 letters from friends....................................................................39 songs and poems......................................................................54 introduction The little stable in Bethlehem was the place where God’s love broke in. And the mysterious men who came from the land of the rising sun followed the star and discovered the place where the secret of love was laid in the manger of the animals, wrapped in swaddling clothes, in the helplessness of a human baby. They discovered the place where God’s love broke in. This is the most important thing for every man, that in his time, at his hour, he discov­ ers the breaking in of God’s love, and that then he follows the star which has fallen into his heart. Let King Herod come then, with his threats, and drive those who follow the star and who come to the star of love, from the country, indeed drive the divine Child himself out of the country—it means nothing for those who follow the star. And the angel of the Lord will protect the revelation of love in the midst of times of the greatest hatred and of the heaviest darkness which has spread over the earth. Eberhard Arnold w ith this witness to the power of God’s love, we want to introduce this little volume. We bring it out on the eightieth anniversary of Eberhard’s birth, glad to be able to share these words by him, by his wife Emmy, and by his friends. Eberhard is our beloved brother, and we hope that through this book many more can become acquainted with him. In these recent years especially, we have seen again and again how we hinder and oppose that very love we long to serve and that Eberhard served. It is an overwhelming and tender witness to the wonderful mystery of unity, that in just this recognition that we are a hindrance to God’s love, we have felt closer introduction vi to Eberhard himself and to the life and the Spirit to which he gave his life as witness. As his witness come alive for us, we long to share it with others. The brothers and sisters of the Bruderhof Communities Christmas 1963 a.testimony.to.church.community fire song Radiance descend! Radiance descend! Thou, Sun of all love eternal, Let every impulse infernal Sink to the grave! Sink to the grave! Fire consume! Fire consume! All that to Death is given, All that with envy is riven, Fire consume! Fire consume! Light of the Heights! Light of the Heights! Sun of all-glowing rays and brightness, Stars in unnumbered, countless lightness, Light of the Heights! Light of the Heights! Break to us now! Break to us now! Power of eternal radiance glowing, Pour forth in flaming flood o’erflowing, Surrender now! Surrender now! Radiance on high! Radiance on high! Thou resurrected life, giving To us eternal power living. Radiance on high! Radiance on high! Strahle herab! Eberhard and Emmy Arnold Easter 1926 eberhard arnold’s life & work by emmy arnold e berhard Arnold was born in Konigsberg on the 26th of July 1883. He was the third son of Carl Franklin Arnold, who was a high school teacher at the time. His mother, Elizabeth Arnold, nee Voigt, came from an old family of scholars. His paternal grandfather, Franklin Luther Arnold, was a missionary of English and American descent, and pastor of a Presbyterian Church in the United States. Eberhard had a brother and three sisters. When he was five, the family left Konigsberg, since his father had been called to Breslau as professor of Church history. Eberhard was full of wild ideas and boyish pranks which left him little time for school. Because of all his mischief, he was not always in the good graces of his teachers and his classmates’ parents. Even as a child he objected to social inequality and made friends with the very poor and with tramps. He found more warm-heartedness and genuine humanity in them than in middle-class people. Once on vacation he was staying at his uncle’s country parsonage. He was strongly impressed by the inward religious warmth of this man, particularly because he took the part of the poor and oppressed, which aroused the hostility of the rich members of his congregation. It was in his uncles’ house that he first met a member of the Salvation Army. The brotherly way in which his uncle spoke with this man while Eberhard was there was a powerful impulse to him in the direction of a genuine Christian love, which eberhard arnold’s life and work 2 shows its strength precisely in love of the very poor. So Eberhard, then sixteen years old, experienced a radical inner change. He told his parents and teachers that his life was going to take a completely different direction from then on, but they did not understand him. In his search for people of kindred spirit, Eberhard made connection with a number of groups that had been stirred by Christ. A group of other students gathered around him, seeking through Bible study to find a deeper realization of the way of Jesus. The Salvation Army had made a great impression on him. He went with these devoted people into the darkest haunts of Breslau in the urge to free men from drink and filth. He went with one heavy drinker to and from work every morning and evening, because the way went past a bar. Pro­ foundly shocked by the misery of the poor in Breslau’s East End, he found the social life of his middle-class parents increasingly hard to endure. Thinking of the misery of the poor, he refused to attend a certain social function because he found it wrong to spend so much money in one evening to entertain the well-to-do, whereupon his father confined him to his room. His parents by no means consented to his new activities, and certainly not to his attitude on the social question. When Eberhard had finished school, his parents insisted that he study the­ ology, although his own opinion was that he could be of more service to men as a doctor. In Breslau, Halle, and Erlangen, he studied theology, philosophy, and educational method, concluding his years at the university with a doctoral dissertation on Early Christian and Antichristian Elements in the Development of Friederich Nietzsche. While he was in Halle he became intimately connected with the German Student Christian Movement, and worked for several years in close cooperation with Ludwig von Gerdtell. Both of them worked in the midst of the revivalist movement which was stirring so many spiritual seekers at the time. i t was during this time, in 1907, that we met. After some profound and earnest talks together about the nature of Christian discipleship, we were en- a.testimony.to.church.community eberhard arnold’s life and work 3 gaged, though we had known each other for only a few days. From then on, we went our way together. We were married in 1909. During the first years of our marriage, Eberhard was much sought-after as a lecturer. He spoke in various German cities, such as Halle, Leipzig, Berlin, Dresden, and Hamburg about the crucial problems of the time. Some of his subjects were “Early Christian­ ity in the Present Day,” “Social Distress,” “Freedom for Every Man,” “The Distress and Enslavement of the Masses,” “Present-Day Religious Struggles,” “Jesus as He Really Was,” and “Nietzsche’s Criticism of Christianity.” It was then that Eberhard’s conflict with the State Church began, brought on chiefly by the question of baptism. Eberhard saw that the Church was on the wrong foundation because of its connections with the State and with property. This realization made a decisive difference to our lives. Eberhard was baptized and left the State Church. He consequently could not accept a post in it. Stimu­ lated by the writings of the Swiss religious–socialist pastor Hermann Kutter, he increasingly took the part of the proletariat and all other oppressed classes. His declared attitude to the working class and to the State Church resulted in nu­ merous disputes with his parents and with the Church authorities. In 1913 Eberhard contracted a serious illness of the lungs and larynx, and therefore our little family moved to the southern Tyrol, where we were able to rent a cottage near Bozen. This time gave us the opportunity for thorough meditation which led to deeper clarity. It was then that Eberhard wrote the first chapters of the book Innerland and a series of important essays, such as “Love to Christ,” “Love to the Brothers,” and “The Power of the Life of Prayer.” He also made a thorough study of Anabaptist history; and figures like Hans Denck, Balthasar Hubmaier, and Thomas Munzer made a great impres­ sion on us during these months. At this time, it became increasingly clear to us that our life had to take a radical and active direction. From this time onward, my sister Else von Hollander lived with us, and took a very lively share in everything that concerned us. While I was very much taken up with Eberhard and caring for the children, she helped him in his scholarly work as a.testimony.to.church.community