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Earth internal energy PDF

30 Pages·2011·6.11 MB·English
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CONSEJERÍA DE EDUCACIÓN Dirección General de Participación e Innovación Educativa Identificación del material AICLE TÍTULO Earth’s internal energy NIVEL LINGÜÍSTICO A.2.1 SEGÚN MCER IDIOMA Inglés ÁREA / MATERIA Ciencias Naturales NÚCLEO TEMÁTICO Transformaciones geológicas debido a la energía interna de la Tierra. Concepto de energía como motor de cambios y eje central para explicar los movimientos de las placas tectónicas y como consecuencia de ello se GUIÓN TEMÁTICO desarrollan los fenómenos geológicos más espectaculares que son Terremotos y volcanes. FORMATO Material didáctico en formato PDF CORRESPONDENCIA 2º de Educación Secundaria CURRICULAR AUTORÍA Fernando Sánchez García TEMPORALIZACIÓN 9 sesiones (3 semanas) APROXIMADA - Conocimiento e interacción con el medio físico. Por medio de los diferentes acontecimientos geológicos que se producen actualmente y los producidos con anterioridad y cuyos efectos pueden verse en el entorno - Digital y tratamiento de la información. A través de prensa escrita y digital sobre movimientos de tierra y erupciones volcánicas COMPETENCIAS - Social y ciudadana. A través de la concienciación sobre medidas de seguridad BÁSICAS y preventivas ante este tipo de fenómenos - Aprender a Aprender. Con la conexión conceptual de las diferentes partes de la secuencia didáctica, lo cuál puede servir para entender la secuencia causa- consecuencia la cuál estará influenciada en gran medida por la prevención que oportunamente se haga La competencia de comunicación lingüística es una competencia tratada de OBSERVACIONES forma continuada tanto en inglés como en español. Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy 3 Tabla de programación AICLE - Interpretar y producir con propiedad, autonomía y creatividad mensajes que utilicen códigos artísticos, científicos y técnicos - Comprender los principios básicos que rigen el funcionamiento del medio físico y OBJETIVOS natural, valorar las repercusiones que sobre él tienen las actividades humanas y con- tribuir activamente a la defensa, conservación y mejora del mismo como elemento determinante de la calidad de vida CONTENIDOS DE Bloque 4. Transformaciones geológicas debidas a la energía interna de la Tierra CURSO / CICLO Transferencia de energía en el interior de la Tierra - Las manifestaciones de la energía interna de la Tierra: erupciones volcánicas y terremotos - Valoración de los riesgos volcánico y sísmico e importancia de su predicción y TEMA prevención - Identificación de rocas magmáticas y metamórficas y relación entre su textura y su origen - Manifestaciones de la geodinámica interna en el relieve terrestre. - Leer y escuchar las lecturas sobre los puntos del tema - Expresar opiniones y conceptos adquiridos. En cada una de las actividades MODELOS planteadas DISCURSIVOS - Relacionar los diferentes contenidos entre sí para obtener una red de relaciones lo más extensa posible - Consensuar tareas de cooperación en pequeño y gran grupo - Ejercicios de vocabulario específico con definiciones monolingües - Realización de mapas conceptuales en los que se relacionan los diversos TAREAS conceptos - Preparar presentaciones para el resto de compañeros en formato digital - Construir modelos sencillos de las teorías estudiadas FUNCIONES: ESTRUCTURAS: - Describir de forma sucinta los efectos de Did you find....? terremotos y el aspecto de volcanes en Look for information ...... erupción. Can you spell..... - Relacionar las manifestaciones externas Can you repeat observadas con la energía interna de la Tierra. May I ........? - Discutir y argumentar el origen de los Complete this chart with desastres naturales y como pueden Find this concept CONTENIDOS amplificarse o amortiguarse dependiendo de Connect with linkers las construcciones que el ser humano realiza In my opinion this is right LINGÜÍSTICOS en la superficie de la Tierra. - Sintetizar la evolución que la energía interna de la Tierra tiene desde el centro de la misma LÉXICO: Energy, Continents, Tectonic Plates, Theory, hasta la superficie como origen de múltiples Crust,, Lithosphere , Drift, Continental drift, Fit, Fossils, cambios en la superficie de la Tierra. Climate, Wandering, Evidences, Core, Mantle, Lateral - Contrastar.con datos obtenidos de los slipping, Convergent, , Divergent, Rift Boundary, Molten medios de comunicación populares y de más rocks, Damages, Intensity, Earthquake, Volcano, carácter científico la actividad incesante que Seafloor spreading, Lava, Epicentre, Hypocentre,, se desarrolla en una Tierra dinámica Pyroclastic, Fumaroles, Geyser, Hot spring. - Saber cuál es el origen de la energía geotérmica - Explicar por qué se mueven las placas litosféricas CRITERIOS DE - Describir cómo se producen los volcanes EVALUACIÓN - Explicar cómo se producen los terremotos - Describir los elementos de un terremoto - Describir los desastres que puede ocasionar un terremoto y un volcán 4 Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy Brainstorm     What is energy? Do you see any changes caused by the Earth’s internal energy? What’s your opinion about the magnitude of this energy? Energy is......... I heard news about an earth- quake in........ In my opinion it depends on....... Volcano, Damages, ash,   break up, furniture movement.   Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy 5 1.-The Earth’s Internal Energy (Introduction).   There is a lot of evidence of the Earth’s internal energy: - The inside of the Earth is hotter than the outside. According to the most widely accepted theory, the origin of this internal heat is due to how our planet was formed. The heat generated during this process is maintained in the inside of the Earth, although the external layer (the crust) has cooled. - The continents are moving. - The Earth’s internal energy produces brusque movements in the crust: EARTHQUAKES - Volcanoes expel very hot materials. These are the most important phenomenon that we can see, and we’ll be studying them! 2.- The continents are moving.   The lithosphere is fragmented The lithosphere is the most external layer of our planet; it consists of a series of enormous fragments, the tectonic or lithospheric plates.   These fragments are like the pieces of a puzzle and they are moving, although very slowly. The main lithospheric plates are: The Pacific plate The South American plate The African plate The Eurasian plate The Undo-Australian plate The Antarctic plate The Nazca plate North American plate   6 Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy A.0. Now have a look at the previous illustration and match each continent or country in the photo with the corresponding plate.   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Who knows what plate goes with - I can’t find a photo for the plate........ photo number…..? - Photo number one is Africa so it Which photo matches the Eurasian matches with ...... plate Plate? Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy 7 The Lithospheric plates are continuously moving, crashing into each other at some points and separating in others. These movements are due to the internal energy of the planet. 2.1.Wegener Theory. In 1915, Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) first proposed the theory of continental drift, which states that parts of the Earth’s crust slowly drift atop a liquid core. Wegener hypothesized that   there was an original, gigantic super continent 200 million years ago, which he named Pangaea, meaning “All-Earth”. Pangaea was a super continent consisting of all of Earth’s land masses. Pangaea started to break up into two smaller super continents, called Laurasia and Gondwanaland. It formed the continents Gondwanaland and Laurasia, separated by the Tethys Sea. By the end of the Cretaceous period, the continents were separating into land masses that look like our continents. 2.2. Evidence supporting continental drift. The Earth’s crust is constantly moving, both vertically and horizontally, at rates of up to several inches a year. When the plates mo  ve, the continents and ocean floor above them move as well. Continental Drift occurs when the continents change position in relation to each other. While tectonic plates is a relatively   new idea, scientists have been gathering data in support of the Continental Drift theory for a very long time. Wegener used the fit of the continents, the dis- tribution of fossils, a similar sequence of rocks at numerous locations, ancient climates, and the apparent wandering1 of the Earth’s Polar Regions to support his idea. 8 Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy Now sum up the concepts you’ve just learned. Key words: Energy, Crust, Movement, Plate, Drift, evidence,     Key Words A.1. Pangaea Puzzle Pieces •Pangaea Procedure •Paleozoic Era •Panthalassa Prior Knowledge •Mesozoic Era •Rift Some volunteers will tell what they know •Atlantic Ocean about tectonic plates. •Alfred Wegener •paleoclimate - Display a globe or world map and look •Continental Drift Hypothesis carefully at the continents. - Talk about how Europe, Africa, South A plate tectonic is a fragment of the... America, and North America might fit Africa might fit with ......... together as puzzle pieces. North America might fit with...... - Discuss what might explain this fit. Point In my opinion Wegener was right out that millions of years ago the continents because there are lots of ............... were joined together in one super continent In my opinion Pangaea was a super called Pangaea. continent a long time ago because there are similar fossils in ....... and in Materials The reason why the continents are separated today is ..... •photocopies of worksheets 1-3 of the continental puzzle pieces (Appendix) •Photocopy of worksheet #4 •Lightweight cardboard •Glue or glue stick •Scissors •Large sheet of background paper (blue would be best) What to do - Glue the pages with continents onto cardboard, - Cut out each continent or land mass to make the eight puzzle pieces. Cut out only the general shape of the continents, not all of the finer details. •Note: the modern shape of the continents is probably not the exact shape they had 240 million years ago, so the puzzle pieces won’t all fit perfectly. - Once the puzzle pieces are ready, talk about the different types of evidence. - Note that there are several letters written on the edges of many of the pieces. Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy 9 The key to the letters is as follows: • F = fossils M = mountain belts G = glacial deposits Arrows show the orientation of glacial striations Notes: - Central America did not exist 240 million years ago, so another puzzle piece will be on top of it. You may fold Central America under, or cut it off. - Use the “geologic evidence” shown by the letters, as well as the puzzle-like fit of the continents, to reconstruct or reassemble Pangaea. - Begin the reconstruction by finding the North American continent - Compare the completed puzzles with Worksheet #4. Once all the puzzles have been arranged correctly, compare them with the next figure which illustrates what the ancient shorelines probably looked like.   Discuss the differences between the “old” shoreline shapes and “today’s” shoreline shapes. Where is Panthalassa? A.2. Word search. Find the words from the list.   Did you find ..........? Is there a word next to this one? Which way does……..go? (forwards/backwards/ down/up/diagonally)   10 Material AICLE 2º de ESO: Earth’s internal energy

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LÉXICO: Energy, Continents, Tectonic Plates, Theory,. Crust,, Lithosphere , Drift, Continental drift, Fit, Fossils,. Climate, Wandering, Evidences, Core,
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