NPS-09-98-006 Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93943-5138 SUMMARY OF RESEARCH 1997 Department of Computer Science Dan Boger Acting Chair Neu C. Rowe Associate Chair for Research 19990304 080 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Prepared for: Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 Preceding Page B^ank NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California Rear Admiral R.C. Chaplain R. Elster Superintendent Provost This report was prepared for the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. Reproduction of all or part of this report is authorized. Reviewed by: Released by: \OM4L fttu/l?~~ Danielle A. Kuska David W. Netzer Director, Research Administration Associate Provost and Dean of Research Form approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMB No 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information u estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED January 1999 Summary Report, 1 January 1997 - 31 December 1997 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING Summary of Research 1997, Department of Computer Science 6. AUTHOR(S) Faculty of the Department of Computer Science, Naval Postgraduate School 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 NPS-09-98-006 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY REPORT NUMBER Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVATLABELITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. A 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words.) This report contains summaries of research projects in the Department of Computer Science. A list of recent publications is also included which consists of conference presentations and publications, books, contributions to books, published journal papers, technical reports, and thesis abstracts. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 92 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified NSN 7540-01-280-5800 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-8 9) Prescribed by ANSI Std 239-18 THE NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MISSION The mission of the Naval Postgraduate School is to increase the combat effectiveness of U.S. and Allied armed forces and enhance the security of the USA through advanced education and research programs focused on the technical, analytical, and managerial tools needed to confront defense-related challenges CONTENTS Preface 7 Introduction 9 Faculty Listing 11 Department Summary 13 Project Summaries 21 A Robotic System for Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)/Mine Detection 32 Advanced Control Software Architecture for Autonomous Vehicles 28 An Environment for Developing Secure Software 29,45 An Experimental Study of Software Architectures and Software Reuse for Control of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles : 41 Applications and Future Directions of the Internet 35 Artificial Intelligence (AI) System for Detection and Classification of Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)/Land Mines 34 Artificial Intelligence for Terrain-Database Integration 43 Automatic Indexing of Pictures on Internet Pages 43 Autonomous Agents Applicable to the Real-Time Retargeting Program 40 Autonomous Agents for Digital Network Maximization 40 Automation Support for Software Evolution 24 Binary Universal Meteorological Data Format Development Phase II 22 Center for Information Systems Security (INFOSEC) Studies and Research 32 Computer-Aided Prototyping Applied to Army Tactical Missile System (ATACMS) 37 Computer-Aided Prototyping of Real-Time Systems 38 Development of Information Systems Security (INFOSEC) Courseware and Videos 29 Development of the Geolocation Workbench 44 Design and Implementation ofAIRPAC Financial Analysis Tool n(AFAST) 47 Formal Models Used for Automation in Software Development 35 Guidelines and Software Architecture for Risk Assessment in Software Reuse 35 Heterogeneous Processing Program Initiative 28 Management System for Heterogeneous Networks (MSHN) 34 Network Support for Multimedia Applications 47 NPSNET-Human: Inserting the Human Into the Networked Synthetic Environment 49 NPSNET: Janus Soldier Station-Phase 1 and 2 42 NPSNET-V: Rapidly Configurable Virtual World 48 Online Polymorphic Type Inference In Imperative Languages 44 PowerPC Optimization for Real-Time Scene Generation: Parallel Rendering for Environmental Support OPTV2 Development and Data Support Distributed Interactive Simulation Technologies in After-Action Review Support (DISTAR) 21 Rapidly Reconfigurable Virtual Environment Network Protocols 49 Re-Architecting Defense Technical Information Center 34 Refinement of Software Safety Analysis Tools 44 Requirements Analysis for CVX 23 Resolution of Data-Source Incompatibilities in Terrain Databases 43 Scheduling ATM Traffic for Battlefield Awareness and Data Dissemination (BADD) 27 Software Reasoning for Combining Changes to Software Systems 22 Support for Information Warfare-Protect (IW-P) Program in the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Center for Information Security Research (CISR) Computer Security Laboratory 28 Support for Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Information Systems Security (INFOSEC) Research Program, Phasell 30 Task Force XXI Database Support Smart Grid to Vector Conversion Terrain Database Conversion Tools for Janus/Pegasus/MODSAF 21 Technical Support for the Joint Simulation System (JSIMS) Joint Program 42 3-D Auditory Displays in Aircraft Simulation and Training 26 Training Navigation Using Virtual Environments '• 27 Training Spatial Knowledge Acquisition Using Virtual Environments 25 Type Systems for Secure Remote Evaluation 46 Warrior Network Experiments 27 Workshop on Provably-Secure Programming 46 Publications and Presentations Thesis Abstracts J; Initial Distribution List PREFACE Research at the Naval Postgraduate School is carried out by faculty in the School's eleven academic depart- ments, four interdisciplinary groups, and the School of Aviation Safety. This volume contains research sum- maries for the projects undertaken by faculty in the Department of Computer Science during 1997. Also included is an overview of the department, faculty listing, a compilation of publications/presentations, and abstracts from theses directed by the department faculty. Questions about particular projects may be directed to the faculty Principal Investigator listed, the Depart- ment Chair, or the Department Associate Chair for Research. Questions may also be directed to the Office of the Associate Provost and Dean of Research. General questions about the NPS Research Program should be directed to the Office of the Associate Provost and Dean of Research at (831) 656-2098 (voice) or [email protected] (e-mail). Additional information is also available at the RESEARCH AT NPS website, http://web.nps.navy.mil~code09/. INTRODUCTION The research program at the Naval Postgraduate School exits to support the graduate education of our stu- dents. It does so by providing militarily relevant thesis topics that address issues from the current needs of the Fleet and Joint Forces to the science and technology that is required to sustain the long-term superiority of the Navy/DoD. It keeps our faculty current on Navy/DoD issues, permitting them to maintain the content of the upper division courses at the cutting edge of their disciplines. At the same time, the students and faculty together provide a very unique capability within the DoD for addressing warfighting problems. This capabil- ity is especially important at the present time when technology in general, and information operations in particular, are changing rapidly. Our officers must be able to think innovatively and have the knowledge and skills that will let them apply technologies that are being rapidly developed in both the commercial and military sectors. Their unique knowledge of the operational Navy, when combined with a challenging thesis project that requires them to apply their focussed graduate education, is one of the most effective methods for both solving Fleet problems and instilling the life-long capability for applying basic principles to the creative solution of complex problems. The research program at NPS consists of both reimbursable (sponsored) and institutionally funded research. The research varies from very fundamental to very applied, from unclassified to all levels of classification. • Reimbursable (Sponsored) Program: This program includes those projects externally funded on the basis of proposals submitted to outside sponsors by the School's faculty. These funds allow the faculty to interact closely with RDT&E program managers and high-level policymakers throughout the Navy, DoD, and other government agencies as well as with the private sector in defense-related technologies. The sponsored program utilizes Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs) with private industry, participates in consortia with other government laboratories and universities, provides off- campus courses either on-site at the recipient command or by VTC, and provides short courses for technology updates. • NPS Institutionally Funded Research Program (NIFR): The institutionally funded research program has several purposes: (1) to provide the initial support required for new faculty to establish a Navy/DoD relevant research area, (2) to provide support for major new initiatives that address near-term Fleet and OPNAV needs, (3) to enhance productive research that is reimbursable sponsored, (4) to contribute to the recapitalization of major scientific equipment, and (5) to cost-share the support of a strong post-doctoral program. • Institute for Joint Warfare Analysis (IJWA) Program: The IJWA Program provides funding to stimulate innovative research ideas with a strong emphasis on joint, interdisciplinary areas. This funding ensures that joint relevance is a consideration of research faculty. In 1997, the overall level of research effort at NPS was 151 faculty workyears and exceeded $32 million. The Department of Computer Science's effort was 11.14 faculty workyears and exceeded $2.6 million. The sponsored research program has grown steadily to provide the faculty and staff support that is required to sustain a strong and viable graduate school in times of reduced budgets. In FY97, over 87% percent of the NPS research program was externally supported. In the Department of Computer Science 83% was externally supported. The department's research sponsorship in FY97 is provided in Figure 1. National Science i Institutiona Industry Foundation J7% Aimy 1% 9% 11% Defense 38% Figure 1. FY97 Sponsor Profile of the Department of Computer Science These are both challenging and exciting times at NPS and the research program exists to help ensure that we remain unique in our ability to provide graduate education for the warfighter. DAVID W.NETZER Associate Provost and Dean of Research January 1999 10 FACULTY LISTING Boger, Dan Rowe, Neil C. Professor and Acting Chair Associate Professor and CS/Bo Associate Chair for Research 831-656-2449 (phone) CS/Rp 831-656-2814 (fax) 656-2462 [email protected] [email protected] Bachmann, Eric Irvine, Cynthia E. McGhee, Robert B. Lecturer Assistant Professor Professor CS/Bc CS/Ic CS/Mz 656-4066 656-2461 656-2026 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Baer, Wolfgang Kanayama, Yutaka Shimeall, Timothy J. Research Associate Professor Associate Professor CS/Ba CS/Ka CS/Sm 656-2209 656-2095 656-2509 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Berzins, Valdis Kern, Deborah CDR Shing, Man-Tak Professor Lecturer Associate Professor CS/Be CS.Kh SC/Sh 656-2610 656-2168 656-2634 berzins@nps .navv.mil [email protected] [email protected] Darken, Rudolph P. Kidd, Taylor Volpano, Dennis M. Assistant Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor CS/Dr CS/Kt CS/Vo 656-4072 656-4075 656-3091 darken@nps .naw.mil [email protected] [email protected] Eagle, Chris LCDR Lewis, Ted Warren, Daniel F. Lecturer Professor Lecturer CS/Ce CS/Lt CS/Wd 656-2378 656-2830 656-2353 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Falby, John Lundy, G.M. Wu, Thomas Lecturer Associate Professor Associate Professor CS/Fa CS/Ln CS/Wq 656-3390 656-2094 656-3391 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Hensgen, Debra Luqi Xie, Geoffrey G. Associate Professor Professor Assistant Professor CS/Hd CS/Lq CS/Xg 656-4074 656-2735 656-2693 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 11