DR^FT jnr CH$j|j§^ REPORT FOR THE CAMP^^^I^S ^PA€T AREA MAS^ACHU3|grT^ MI^ARY RESERVATION CAPtt ^^(^A^A^HUSETTS Prepared for jWrreiJ ibt NATJLg]>fA^^UA|8I) BUREAU ARL^^N^GINIA,siA • Prepare4^ed } 239 !y^^opi^jad, Siiif^B ^ Westfpr<J^Mass^(phusettsO-1886 File:\L:tomryepprts\archive\ccm\C^m5^w6 s ^ 07/15/9^^13^ - (j j. • • i ^ 3&K kic Se3H >?*&.•» flnutl 1 H 'S&Sfffll HE &V>Yr)-2£>%L J DRAFT CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MUNITIONS REPORT FOR THE CAMP EDWARDS IMPACT AREA GROUNDWATER QUALITY STUDY MASSACHUSETTS MILITARY RESERVATION CAPE COD, MASSACHUSETTS Prepared for NATIONAL GUARD BUREAU ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA Prepared by OGDEN ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY SERVICES 239 Littleton Road, Suite IB Westford, Massachusetts 01886 File:\L:\mmr\reports\archive\ccm\Ccm5_w6 07/15/97 6:13 P Draft Chemical Composition of Munitions Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. BACKGROUND ON MUNITIONS COMPOSITION 1 2.1 Explosives 2 2.2 Propellants 2 2.3 Pyrotechnics 3 3. METHODOLOGY 8 4. FINDINGS 10 TABLE 2-1 : COMMONLY USED EXPLOSIVES TABLE 2-2: COMMON MILITARY PROPELLANT COMPOUNDS TABLE 2-3: PYROTECHNIC AGENTS USED AT MMR TABLE 4-1: PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS OF MUNITIONS TABLE 4-2: LISTING OF UNIQUE COMPONENTS FROM TABLE 4-1 TABLE 4-3: SUMMARY OF TECHNICAL MANUAL NUMBERS AND DODAC CODES FOR U.S. MUNITIONS AND EXPLOSIVES, CAMP EDWARDS IMPACT AREA, GROUNDWATER QUALITY STUDY APPENDIX A. EXPLOSIVES AND DEMOLITIONS REPORT APPENDIX B. TELEPHONE CONVERSATIONS AND INTERVIEW LOGS APPENDIX C. MIDAS DATABASE DOWNLOAD APPENDIX D. AMMUNTION DATA SHEETS AND LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS STUDIES APPENDIX E. REPORTS ON BYPRODUCTS OF SMOKE GENERATION File:\L:\mmr\reports\archive\ccm\Ccm5_w6 07/15/97 6:13 P Draft Chemical Composition of Munitions Report 1. INTRODUCTION The National Guard Bureau (NGB) and the Massachusetts Army National Guard (MAARNG) were directed by the Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Environmental Security (DUSD(ES)) in July 1 996 to study the effects of military operations on the groundwater beneath the Impact Area at the Massachusetts Military Reservation (MMR). An action plan for the study was prepared in consultation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region I a nd other regulatory agencies to determine whether the past activities at the training range and Impact Area have affected, or have the potential to affect, groundwater quality. The study is in partial fulfillment of the requirements of EPA Administrative Order SDWA 1-97-1019. MMR has a long history of use, dating back to 191 1, i ts most intensive use occurring during and immediately after World War II. Because more than 40 years of military and law inforcement training has been conducted on the training range at MMR, the first task in this study was a search of the MMR archives and records, applicable reference sources, and interviews to document the historical use and chemical composition of munitions used in the Impact Area. This report summarizes the findings of the search, and is presented with a companion report on the historical training range use, to provide the background for the assessment of the impact of military operations on the groundwater beneath the Impact Area. This report will focus on describing the chemical composition of munitions as defined by available databases and technical manuals. The goal of the analysis is to identify the chemicals that may be encountered on the Training Range. It should be noted that the range of munitions used at MMR is not known with certainty. While good records exist for the recent past, these records are rather general. For example, the records refer to the weapons used rather than the specific munition. In response to this, attempts were made to identify any munitions that might be used in the weapon. More importantly, rates of use for the more distant past are not available. This suggests that munitions may have been used that have not been identified in this document. Attempts were made to define the general trends in munitions composition in the past. 2. BACKGROUND ON MUNITIONS COMPOSITION A general discussion of the types and chemical composition of munitions used by the military is provided in this section as a basis for discussing the specific chemical contaminants that may have been generated either historically or recently as part of training exercises in the MMR Impact Area. File:\L:\mmr\reports\archive\ccm\Ccm5_w6 I 07/1 5/97 6: 13 P DISCLAIMER: This document has been prepared pursuant to a government administrative order (U.S. EPA Region I S DWA Docket No. 1-97-1019) and is subject to approval by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Draft Chemical Composition of Munitions Report 1. INTRODUCTION The National Guard Bureau (NGB) and the Massachusetts Army National Guard (MAARNG) were directed by the Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Environmental Security (DUSD(ES)) in July 1996 to study the effects of military operations on the groundwater beneath the Impact Area at the Massachusetts Military Reservation (MMR). An action plan for the study was prepared in consultation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region I a nd other regulatory agencies to determine whether the past activities at the training range and Impact Area have affected, or have the potential to affect, groundwater quality. The study is in partial fulfillment of the requirements of EPA Administrative Order SDWA 1-97-1019. MMR has a long history of use, dating back to 191 1, i ts most intensive use occurring during and immediately after World War II. Because more than 40 years of military and law inforcement training has been conducted on the training range at MMR, the first task in this study was a search of the MMR archives and records, applicable reference sources, and interviews to document the historical use and chemical composition of munitions used in the Impact Area. This report summarizes the findings of the search, and is presented with a companion report on the historical training range use, to provide the background for the assessment of the impact of military operations on the groundwater beneath the Impact Area. This report will focus on describing the chemical composition of munitions as defined by available databases and technical manuals. The goal of the analysis is to identify the chemicals that may be encountered on the Training Range. It should be noted that the range of munitions used at MMR is not known with certainty. While good records exist for the recent past, these records are rather general. For example, the records refer to the weapons used rather than the specific munition. In response to this, attempts were made to identify any munitions that might be used in the weapon. More importantly, rates of use for the more distant past are not available. This suggests that munitions may have been used that have not been identified in this document. Attempts were made to define the general trends in munitions composition in the past. 2. BACKGROUND ON MUNITIONS COMPOSITION A general discussion of the types and chemical composition of munitions used by the military is provided in this section as a basis for discussing the specific chemical contaminants that may have been generated either historically or recently as part of training exercises in the MMR Impact Area. File:\L:\mmr\reports\archive\ccm\Ccm5_w6 I 07/15/97 6:13 P DISCLAIMER: This document has been prepared pursuant to a government administrative order (U.S. EPA Region I S DWA Docket No. 1-97-1019) and is subject to approval by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.