z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 1 Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (14th April 1891 - 6th December 1956) z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 2 BLANK z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 3 Governing Class and the Servile Class Nobody will have any quarrel with the abstract principle that nothing should be done whereby the best shall be superseded by one who is only better and the better by one who is merely good and the good by one who is bad……. But Man is not a mere machine. He is a human being with feelings of sympathy for some and antipathy for others. This is even true of the ‘best’ man. He too is charged with the feelings of class sympathies and class antipathies. Having regard to these considerations the ‘best’ man from the governing class may well turn out to be the worst from the point of view of the servile classes. The difference between the governing classes and the servile classes in the matter of their attitudes towards each other is the same as the attitude a person of one nation has for that of another nation. - Dr. Ambedkar in ‘What Congress.... etc.’ z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 4 z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 5 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR WRITINGS AND SPEECHES Vol. 9 Edited by Vasant Moon z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 6 Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar : Writings and Speeches Vol. 9 First Edition by Education Department, Govt. of Maharashtra : 26 January, 1991 Re-printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation : January, 2014 ISBN (Set) : 978-93-5109-064-9 Courtesy : Monogram used on the Cover page is taken from Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar’s Letterhead. © Secretary Education Department Government of Maharashtra Price : One Set of 1 to 17 Volumes (20 Books) : ` 3000/- Publisher: Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India 15, Janpath, New Delhi - 110 001 Phone : 011-23357625, 23320571, 23320589 Fax : 011-23320582 Website : www.ambedkarfoundation.nic.in The Education Department Government of Maharashtra, Bombay-400032 for Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Source Material Publication Committee Printer M/s. Tan Prints India Pvt. Ltd., N. H. 10, Village-Rohad, Distt. Jhajjar, Haryana z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 7 Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment & Chairperson, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Kumari Selja MESSAGE Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the Chief Architect of Indian Constitution was a scholar par excellence, a philosopher, a visionary, an emancipator and a true nationalist. He led a number of social movements to secure human rights to the oppressed and depressed sections of the society. He stands as a symbol of struggle for social justice. The Government of Maharashtra has done a highly commendable work of publication of volumes of unpublished works of Dr. Ambedkar, which have brought out his ideology and philosophy before the Nation and the world. In pursuance of the recommendations of the Centenary Celebrations Committee of Dr. Ambedkar, constituted under the chairmanship of the then Prime Minister of India, the Dr. Ambedkar Foundation (DAF) was set up for implementation of different schemes, projects and activities for furthering the ideology and message of Dr. Ambedkar among the masses in India as well as abroad. The DAF took up the work of translation and publication of the Collected Works of Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar published by the Government of Maharashtra in English and Marathi into Hindi and other regional languages. I am extremely thankful to the Government of Maharashtra’s consent for bringing out the works of Dr. Ambedkar in English also by the Dr. Ambedkar Foundation. Dr. Ambedkar’s writings are as relevant today as were at the time when these were penned. He firmly believed that our political democracy must stand on the base of social democracy which means a way of life which recognizes liberty, equality and fraternity as the principles of life. He emphasized on measuring the progress of a community by the degree of progress which women have achieved. According to him if we want to maintain democracy not merely in form, but also in fact, we must hold fast to constitutional methods of achieving our social and economic objectives. He advocated that in our political, social and economic life, we must have the principle of one man, one vote, one value. There is a great deal that we can learn from Dr. Ambedkar’s ideology and philosophy which would be beneficial to our Nation building endeavor. I am glad that the DAF is taking steps to spread Dr. Ambedkar’s ideology and philosophy to an even wider readership. I would be grateful for any suggestions on publication of works of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar. (Kumari Selja) z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 8 Collected Works of Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar (CWBA) Editorial Board Kumari Selja Minister for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India and Chairperson, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Shri Manikrao Hodlya Gavit Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri P. Balram Naik Minister of State for Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri Sudhir Bhargav Secretary Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India Shri Sanjeev Kumar Joint Secretary Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India and Member Secretary, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Shri Viney Kumar Paul Director Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Shri Kumar Anupam Manager (Co-ordination) - CWBA Shri Jagdish Prasad ‘Bharti’ Manager (Marketing) - CWBA Shri Sudhir Hilsayan Editor, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 9 Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Source Material Publication Committee, Maharashtra State EDITORIAL BOARD 1. Shri VilaSrao DeShmukh … PreSiDent miniSter for eDucation 2. Shri ranjit DeShmukh … Vice-PreSiDent eDucation miniSter for State 3. Shri R. S. GaVai … Vice-PreSiDent 4. Shri DaDaSaheb ruPawate … executiVe PreSiDent 5. Shri N. M. kamble … member 6. Shri ramDaS athaVale … member 7. Shri B. C. kamble … member 8. Dr. P. T. borale … member 9. Shri GhanShyam talVatkar … member 10. Shri Shankarrao kharat … member 11. Shrimati Shantabai Dani … member 12. Shri waman nimbalkar … member 13. Shri PrakaSh ambeDkar … member 14. Shri R. R. bhole … member 15. Shri S. S. reGe … member 16. Dr. bhalchanDra PhaDke … member 17. Shri Daya Pawar … member 18. Shri laxman mane … member 19. Prof. N. D. Patil … member 20. Prof. moreShwar Vanamali … member 21. Prof. janarDan waGhmare … member 22. barriSter P. G. Patil … member 23. Dr. M. P. manGuDkar … member 24. Prof. G. P. PraDhan … member 25. Shri B. M. ambhaikar … member 26. Prof. J. C. chanDurkar … member 27. Prof. aShok GoDGhate … member 28. Shri T. S. ShrinGare … member 29. Shri T. M. kamble … member 30. Secretary, eDucation DePartment … member 31. Director of eDucation … member Secretary 32. Shri V. W. moon, O. S. D. … member z:\ ambedkar\vol-09\vol9-01.indd MK SJ 10-1-2013/YS-13-11-2013 10 BLANK