History Odyssey Modern Times Level TWO Preview Try it before you buy it! This file contains a PDF preview of History Odyssey Modern Times (level two): Modern Times- 13 lessons including maps, worksheets, and appendices To purchase complete copies of History Odyssey eBooks please visit: www.pandiapress.com/ebooks.html To purchase print copies of History Odyssey, please visit our preferred vendors: www.pandiapress.com/ordering.html Pandia Press offers free previews of all our History Odyssey and R.E.A.L. Science Odyssey courses. To download another preview please visit Pandia Press. We recommend using Adobe Reader or Adobe Acrobat version 8 or later to work with documents contained within this PDF Package. By updating to the latest version, you’ll enjoy the following benefits: • Efficient, integrated PDF viewing • Easy printing • Quick searches Don’t have the latest version of Adobe Reader? Click here to download the latest version of Adobe Reader www.pandiapress.com p andia ress P P HISTORY ODYSSEY MODERN TIMES STUDY GUIDE COMBINING HISTORY GEOGRAPHY WRITING WRITTEN BY KATHLEEN DESMARAIS LEVEL TWO HO-ModernTimes-II.indd 1 1/17/2009 4:47:28 PM Hi st o r y Odysse y Modern times level two Kathleen Desmarais Pandia Press Important information on Web links: Web site links are provided to assist students in research. At the time of printing this guide, all Web sites listed were functional. Because Web site content changes frequently, Pandia Press cannot guarantee the availability of Web links provided nor can we be responsible for Internet viruses, or inappropriate, inaccurate, or objectionable materials. We encourage parents and teachers to monitor and supervise students while on the Internet. We highly recommend the use of Internet filtering software and recommend students avoid chat rooms, downloads, and giving personal information while on the Internet. (Please e-mail Web link problems to [email protected].) Copyright ©2009 Pandia Press All Rights Reserved Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of Pandia Press. The purchaser of this study guide may photocopy maps and worksheets for use with his or her children. Copying for group, co-op, classroom, or school use is prohibited. Contact Pandia Press for information about ordering extra worksheets, and maps, and about school licensing. ISBN: 978-0-9798496-5-7 Published by Pandia Press Weirsdale, FL Visit www.pandiapress.com for sample pages of Pandia Press publications and for ordering information. Modern Times Level 2 T aAb lPeP oEfN CDoInXt eXn t s Letter to Parents and Teachers .................................................................................................. 4 How to Use This Guide ...................................................................................................... 6 Part I Introduction to Modern Times .................................................................................. 9 Lessons 1 - 6 Around the World in Eighty Days and Geography Review ................................... 11 Lesson 7 Modern History Research Paper Preparation ............................................. 12 Part II Imperialism and British Colonization ............................................................. 15 Lessons 8 - 10 South Africa ................................................................................................ 17 Lessons 11 - 12 Scramble for Africa ......................................................................................... 18 Lesson 13 Point of View - Things Fall Apart ....................................................... 20 Lesson 14 The Jungle Book ..................................................................................... 21 Lessons 15 - 17 The British in India ......................................................................................... 21 Lessons 18 - 19 The British Empire .......................................................................................... 23 Lessons 20 - 21 Australia .......................................................................................................... 24 Lessons 22 - 24 Ireland ............................................................................................................ 24 Lesson 25 A Short History Presentation ................................................................. 26 Lesson 26 European Control of Southeast Asia ...................................................... 27 Lesson 27 The British in Canada ............................................................................. 27 Lesson 28 The British Commonwealth ..................................................................... 28 Lesson 29 Japan Opens Its Borders ...................................................................... 28 Lesson 30 Imperialism in China .............................................................................. 29 Part III Nationalism and Unification Prior to World War I .......................................... 31 Lesson 31 Nationalism ............................................................................................. 33 Lesson 32 The Decline of the Ottoman Empire .................................................. 33 Lessons 33 - 34 The Crimean War ....................................................................................... 34 Lesson 35 The Balkan Wars ................................................................................ 35 Lesson 36 The Birth of Italy .............................................................................. 35 Lesson 37 The Unification of Germany ............................................................. 36 Lesson 38 European Nationalism ........................................................................ 37 Part IV North America Prior to World War I ...................................................... 39 Lesson 39 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ................................................... 41 Lesson 40 Manifest Destiny ............................................................................. 41 Lesson 41 The Plain Wars .............................................................................. 42 Lesson 42 Life in Antebellum America ........................................................ 42 Pandia Press History Odyssey T aAb lPeP oEfN CDoInXt eXn t s Lesson 43 Literary Elements - Foreshadowing and Symbolism ...................................... 43 Lesson 44 Rifles for Watie or The Red Badge of Courage ....................................... 44 Lessons 45 - 47 The American Civil War ............................................................................ 44 Lesson 48 Justification for War .................................................................................. 46 Lesson 49 Around the World Prior to World War I ................................................. 47 Part V World War I ........................................................................................ 49 Lesson 50 The Red Baron ............................................................................................ 51 Lesson 51 The Start of World War I ....................................................................... 51 Lessons 52 - 53 The Story of World War I ................................................................... 51 Lesson 54 The Aftermath of World War I ............................................................ 52 Lesson 55 World War I Weaponry ........................................................................ 53 Part VI Between the Wars ........................................................................... 55 Lesson 56 Animal Farm ....................................................................................... 57 Lesson 57 The Russian Revolution - Make the Connection ............................ 57 Lesson 58 Communism ......................................................................................... 57 Lesson 59 Fascism ............................................................................................... 58 Lesson 60 The Spanish Civil War ...................................................................... 59 Lesson 61 Socialism ............................................................................................. 59 Lesson 62 Political Satire ................................................................................... 60 Lesson 63 No Promises in the Wind ............................................................... 61 Lesson 64 U.S.A. ................................................................................................... 61 Lessons 65 - 66 The Great Depression ................................................................... 61 Lesson 67 The China Civil War ........................................................................ 63 Lesson 68 China and Japan at War ................................................................. 64 Lesson 69 Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl ...................................... 64 Lesson 70 Adolf Hitler ...................................................................................... 64 Lesson 71 German Expansion .............................................................................. 65 Lesson 72 The Rise of Dictators ...................................................................... 65 Part VII World War II .............................................................................. 67 Lesson 73 The Start of World War II ........................................................... 69 Lesson 74 World War II in the West and the Pacific .............................. 70 Lesson 75 Peace ................................................................................................ 70 Lesson 76 Holocaust/Genocide Project ............................................................ 70 Modern Times Level 2 T aAb lPeP oEfN CDoInXt eXn t s Lesson 77 Around the World at War ............................................................... 71 Part VIII The World Post-World War II ......................................................... 73 Lesson 78 United Nations .................................................................................... 75 Lesson 79 Chinese Cinderella .............................................................................. 75 Lesson 80 Communist China ................................................................................ 75 Lesson 81 Trouble Spots ..................................................................................... 75 Lesson 82 The Cold War ................................................................................... 76 Lesson 83 New Nations ..................................................................................... 77 Lesson 84 Wars in Asia ..................................................................................... 77 Part IX The Middle East ................................................................................. 79 Lessons 85 - 86 Israeli-Palestinian Conflict ........................................................... 81 Lesson 87 Iraqi Wars .......................................................................................... 83 Lesson 88 War on Terror .................................................................................. 83 Lesson 89 State-Sponsored Terrorism .............................................................. 84 Part X Civil Rights, the Environment, and the Economy ............................ 87 Lesson 90 To Kill a Mockingbird .................................................................. 89 Lessons 91 - 92 Civil Rights ................................................................................. 89 Lesson 93 World Economy ................................................................................ 90 Lesson 94 Complete the Connection ................................................................ 90 Lesson 95 The Environment ............................................................................. 90 Lesson 96 A Modern History of Science ..................................................... 91 Lesson 97 Around the Modern World .......................................................... 91 Lesson 98 Timeline Analysis ............................................................................ 91 Lesson 99 Final Project - Research Paper ................................................... 92 Appendix A Writing a Research Paper ........................................................................ 93 Appendix B Attribution of Sources ............................................................................. 99 Appendix C Literature Selections and Primary Sources .......................................... 101 Appendix D How to Write an Essay .......................................................................... 117 Appendix E Recommended Resources ....................................................................... 121 Attachments: Worksheets Maps Modern Times L e t t e r t o P a r e n t s a n d T e a c h e r s Level 2 Dear Parents and Teachers, Your child is about to embark on a great adventure—studying the history of humankind. History Odyssey guides are intended to assist your child on this adventure with access to the greatest resources and with assistance in organizing a tremendous amount of information. This guide is written for the logic to rhetoric stage of a classical education (approximately seventh through tenth grade) and will challenge your child to compare and contrast, analyze, research, write, and outline. This study guide expands upon the skills taught in previous History Odyssey level two courses. Students who did not complete Ancients, Middle Ages, and Early Modern level two courses, should be able to successfully complete this course if they have some prior knowledge of outlining, research, writing essays, and summarizing. This study guide contains many writing assignments, including essays, summaries, and writing a research paper. Although basic instructions are given, History Odyssey is not a writing course. I highly recommend that students complete a formal writing class prior to or during this course. The lesson plans in this study guide speak directly to your child for independent use. However, I recommend assisting with the first few lessons and acknowledge that some students may need assistance throughout the course. Read over the following instruction pages with your child and assist him or her in setting up a binder and gathering resources. Most of the lessons are written to be completed in one to two sittings. The exceptions to this are the lessons that instruct students to read one of the eleven literature books, those containing an essay assignment, and those requiring extended research. For these lessons, students should be given ample time to complete the tasks before going on to the next lesson unless otherwise indicated. If your child’s interest is sparked by a subject, refer to the resource list and allow him or her to spend extra time on that subject. I suggest students at this grade level spend about two hours studying history three to four days a week. At that pace, this guide provides a one-year history course. Keep in mind that these lesson plans combine several subjects—history, literature, writing, and geography. Most of the literature books used in this study guide are at a level that logic stage students can read independently. Some students may benefit from having the books read aloud. Students will not be interrupted with comprehension questions or vocabulary work while reading the assigned literature. I feel that interrupting the reading of these wonderful books tends to make reading laborious and frustrating. However, you may want to suggest that your child read with a pencil in hand and circle difficult words to look up later. Also, it is recommended that you have discussions with your child during the reading to ensure comprehension. Ideally, you will read the books as well. There are references to Web sites throughout this study guide. All Web site references provide optional resources for research. I highly recommend students not use the Web sites exclusively for their research. In today’s high-tech world, it is easy for students to engage in “lazy research” by depending solely on the Internet for information. Although the Internet does contain valuable information, it also contains vast amounts of inaccurate information and harmful materials (see our disclaimer about Web sites on the copyright page). Please guide and supervise your child in Internet research and encourage him to engage in plenty of “old fashioned” library research as well. Notes War and Violence: The last 200 years or so of history has been wrought with war and violence; there’s just no getting around that fact. When compiling this guide, sifting through the material to cover, it became necessary to weed out some of the more positive incidences in order to confine this course to one year and still cover the most significant events. Whenever possible, I have tried to create object lessons out of violent history, encouraging students to critically examine the reasons behind war and strife, instead of just accepting the violence at face value. I have also tried to soften the blow of modern history with some of the literature choices and by adding a study of the advances in technology and science. - 4 - Pandia Press L e t t e r t o P a r e n t s a n d T e a c h e r s History Odyssey Literature: Any edition or translation of the required reading books may be used. However, I do recommend using The Whole Story editions of Around the World in Eighty Days, The Jungle Book, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer if you can find them (some of these are out of print). The Whole Story series, published by Viking, provides extra background information and illustrations that might assist students in the writing assignments. Timeline Work: In this edition of History Odyssey, students will not be given timeline dates for copying onto their timelines. Students are expected to identify significant dates themselves. Some students may require assistance at first in picking out the most important dates. Make sure that your child is not writing every date encountered on his or her timeline. Rifles for Watie or The Red Badge of Courage: Students can choose to read either one of these books for the writing assignment on the American Civil War. While both of these books offer a realistic view of war, Rifles for Watie is an easier read. The Red Badge of Courage is a more difficult classic that offers a graphic description of war. Some students may wish to read both. Research Paper: In this study guide, your child will be working on a year-long project—writing a research paper. You will need to assist your child in picking his topic and beginning research, especially if this is the first paper your child has written. Help your child to set a schedule for completing the paper this year. The instructions given for writing the paper follow those recommended by the MLA. An excellent source to have on hand is the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers by Joseph Gibaldi. This guide provides detailed instructions your child can use this year and on into college. Essays: In this edition of level two History Odyssey your child will be asked to write formal essays. Prior to writing the first essay, your child is encouraged to read “How to Write an Essay” in Appendix D. These instructions present a starting point to teaching your child essay writing. (Many students may require additional instruction from a writing course that addresses essays and thesis writing. See Appendix E for recommended courses.) Please use “How to Write an Essay” as a guideline only. As your child becomes a more proficient writer, allow him or her to break away from this model and be more creative with writing. Instruction for essays includes writing topic sentences. Topic sentences are similar to thesis statements. Thesis statements are presented in Appendix A (“Writing a Research Paper”) and are formally taught in History Odyssey level three courses. Holocaust: Several lessons and writing assignments center on World War II, Hitler, and the Holocaust. The Holocaust, in particular, deserves sensitive attention. This event was not only significant history, but it also presents a watershed event that includes a unique opportunity to teach the nature of humanity, abuse of power, genocide, civil rights, and the importance of the individual. If you would like more information about teaching this valuable but disturbing subject, I highly recommend the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. The Web site associated with the museum contains a plethora of valuable information including online workshops for how to teach the Holocaust - (www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators). The Story of Mankind: Due to the polarizing nature of The Story of Mankind by Hendrick Van Loon, it is optional reading in this level two course. It should be considered a possible resource for gathering information. If students choose not to read TSOM, they might need to seek out other resources to complete some of the lessons. Make the Connection: In Lesson 57, students begin making notations on the poster worksheet titled Make the Connection. This worksheet will begin to get very crowded as students make many connections between events in history. This is acceptable and may even be an important visual display of history as messy and complicated. However, if your student can no longer make sense of his worksheet, I suggest you recreate it on a larger sheet of paper or poster board, creating more space for notations and arrows. - 5 - Modern Times H o w t o U s e T h i s G u i d e Level 2 Required Resources The following resources are required to complete this course. Optional resources and book suggestions can be found in the Appendix E.  *The Kingfisher History Encyclopedia (2004 edition) - KFH  * The Story of Mankind by Hendrik Willem Van Loon, 1999 edition (optional) - TSOM  *Timeline from Pandia Press (or a homemade timeline)  Around the World in Eighty Days by Jules Verne  Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe  The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling  The Red Baron by Manfred Van Richtofen  The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain  Rifles for Watie by Harold Keith or The Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane  Animal Farm by George Orwell  Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank  To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee  Chinese Cinderella by Adeline Yen Mah  No Promises in the Wind by Irene Hunt *These resources are used for all History Odyssey level two study guides. Other Supplies Needed • Three-ring binder (2-inch size is recommended) • Seven binder dividers with tabs • Lined paper or computer paper • A three-hole punch • A detailed atlas or world wall map • A ruler or straight edge • Colored pencils • Copies of the worksheets (see the worksheet section for number of copies required) • Internet access • Dictionary, encyclopedias, and library access • Computer presentation software such as PowerPoint, Keynote, Corel Presentations, or movie-making software (optional) - 6 -