Domestic and Sexual Violence and Abuse Domestic violence, childhood sexual abuse, rape and sexual assault, and sexual exploitation through prostitution, pornography and traffi cking can have many signifi cant adverse impacts on a survivor’s health and wellbeing, in the short, medium and long term. Taking a life-course approach, the book explores what is known about appropriate treatment responses to those who have experienced, and those who perpetrate, domestic and sexual violence and abuse. The book also examines key factors that are important in understanding how and why dif- ferent groups experience heightened risks of domestic and sexual violence and abuse, namely: gender and sexuality; race and culture; disability; and abuse by professionals. Drawing together results from specially commissioned research, the views of experts by experience, experts by profession and the published research literature, the book argues that suffi cient is already known to delineate an appropriate public health framework, encompassing primary, secondary and tertiary prevention, to successfully tackle the important public health issue represented by dom estic and sexual violence and abuse. Domestic and Sexual Violence and Abuse equips health and social care professionals and services with the skills and knowledge to identify and respond to the needs of affected individuals with a view to prevention and early intervention. Catherine Itzin was Emerita Professor in Mental Health Policy, University of Lincoln, UK until her death on 9 March 2010. Ann Taket is Professor of Health and Social Exclusion in the School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Australia. Sarah Barter-Godfrey is Lecturer in the School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Australia. Domestic and Sexual Violence and Abuse Tackling the health and mental health effects Catherine Itzin, Ann Taket and Sarah Barter-Godfrey First published 2010 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2010. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2010 Catherine Itzin, Ann Taket and Sarah Barter-Godfrey for Parts 1, 2 and 4; Part 3, individual authors as indicated in the chapters. The right of Catherine Itzin, Ann Taket and Sarah Barter-Godfrey to be identifi ed as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Domestic and sexual violence and abuse : tackling the health and mental health effects / edited by Catherine Itzin, Ann Taket, and Sarah Barter-Godfrey. p. ; cm. 1. Family violence. 2. Adult child abuse victims—Mental health. 3. Abused children—Mental health. 4. Sexual abuse victims—Mental health. I. Itzin, Catherine, 1944– II. Taket, A. R. (Ann R.) III. Barter-Godfrey, Sarah. [DNLM: 1. Adult Survivors of Child Abuse—psychology. 2. Domestic Violence—psychology. 3. Mental Health. 4. Sex Offenses—psychology. WM 167 D668 2011] RC569.5.F3D648 2011 362.82′92—dc22 2010012835 ISBN 0-203-84220-0 Master e-book ISBN ISBN13: 978–0–415–55531–9 (hbk) ISBN13: 978–0–415–55532–6 (pbk) ISBN13: 978–0–203–84220–1 (ebk) Contents Acknowledgements ix Disclaimer x Dedication xi List of authors xii List of illustrations xiii List of acronyms xv PART I Setting the scene 1 CATHERINE ITZIN, ANN TAKET AND SARAH BARTER-GODFREY 1 Introduction: the Victims of Violence and Abuse Prevention Programme (VVAPP) and its work 3 PART II Violence and abuse through the life-course 19 ANN TAKET, SARAH BARTER-GODFREY AND CATHERINE ITZIN 2 Across the life-course 21 3 Violence and abuse through the life-course: the importance of childhood 32 4 Across the life-course: youth, young people and adolescence 59 5 Violence and abuse across the life-course: adults 72 vi Contents PART III Addressing inequalities 97 6 Gender and sexuality 99 MARIANNE HESTER 7 Race and culture 114 7.1 Asian and minority women, domestic violence and mental health: the experience of Southall Black Sisters 114 HANNANA SIDDIQUI AND MEENA PATEL 7.2 Violence, agencies and South Asian women 123 JALNA HANMER 8 Violence, abuse and disabled people 132 8.1 Learning-disabled adults and children 132 RICHARD CUREN AND VALERIE SINASON 8.2 Physically disabled women 139 JACKIE BARRON AND NICOLA HARWIN 8.3 Disabled children 147 RUTH MARCHANT 9 Abuse by professi onals 157 SARAH BARTER-GODFREY PART IV Tackling sexual and domestic violence and abuse: moving towards improved prevention and early intervention 171 ANN TAKET, SARAH BARTER-GODFREY AND CATHERINE ITZIN 10 Conclusions and implications for research, policy and practice 173 Appendix 1 UK Government policy initiatives in relation to violence and abuse 184 Contents vii Appendix 2 Delphi questions 189 Appendix 3 Views on specifi c theoretical models and therapeutic approaches: percentage of Delphi experts who fi nd particular approaches helpful, by programme area 191 References 194 Index 220 Acknowledgements First of all, we would like to acknowledge and salute the courage, inventive- ness and creativity of all those who have been victims and survivors of domestic and sexual violence and abuse. Their considerable achievements are woven throughout the fabric of this book, and the work that has led to the writing of this book would not have been possible without their generos- ity in sharing their experiences. The work of the VVAPP programme, and the production of this book, would also not have been possible without the very active involvement of the different expert groups involved in advising the programme, both experts by profession and experts by experience, as well as those who par- ticipated in the different research components within the programme. Our thanks go out to all of them.