01_067857 ffirs.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page iii Dog Owner’s Home VETERINARY Handbook 4th Edition Debra M. Eldredge, DVM Liisa D. Carlson, DVM Delbert G. Carlson, DVM James M. Giffin, MD Edited by Beth Adelman 01_067857 ffirs.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page i Dog Owner’s Home VETERINARY Handbook 01_067857 ffirs.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page ii This book is not intended as a substitute for the medical advice of veterinari- ans. Readers should regularly consult a veterinarian in matters relating to their dog’s health, and particularly with respect to any symptoms that may require medical attention. In writing this book, we have described the signs and symptoms that will lead you to a preliminary idea of what is happening with your dog, so you can weigh the severity of the problem. Knowing when to call your veterinarian is very important. Delays can be dangerous. At the same time, we have sought to provide guidance for the acute or emergency situations that you must handle on your own until you can get your dog to a veterinarian. Life-saving procedures such as artificial respiration and heart massage, and what to do in the event of poisonings, obstetrical problems, and other emergencies are explained step by step. But a veterinary handbook is not a substitute for professional care. Advice from a book can never be as helpful or as safe as actual medical advice. No text can replace the interview and the hands-on examination that enables a veterinarian to make a speedy and accurate diagnosis. However, the knowledge provided in this book will enable you to more effectively cooperate and better understand your interactions with your vet- erinarian. You’ll be more alert to the signs of health problems and better able to describe them. You’ll know more about basic care for your dog, and you’ll be prepared in an emergency. 01_067857 ffirs.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page iii Dog Owner’s Home VETERINARY Handbook 4th Edition Debra M. Eldredge, DVM Liisa D. Carlson, DVM Delbert G. Carlson, DVM James M. Giffin, MD Edited by Beth Adelman 01_067857 ffirs.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page iv Copyright © 2007 by Howell Book House. All rights reserved. Howell Book House Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per- copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/ go/permissions. Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, Howell Book House, and related trademarks are trademarks or reg- istered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All other trademarks are the prop- erty of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc. is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in render- ing legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising here from. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support please con- tact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at (800) 762-2974, outside the U.S. at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. For more information about Wiley products, please visit our web site at www.wiley.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Dog owner’s home veterinary handbook / Debra M. Eldredge . . . [et al.]. — 4th ed. p. cm. Includes index. Rev. ed. of: Dog owner’s home veterinary handbook / James M. Giffin and Liisa Carlson, 2000. ISBN-13: 978-0-470-06785-7 (cloth) ISBN-10: 0-470-06785-3 1. Dogs—Diseases—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Eldredge, Debra. II. Giffin, James M. Dog owner’s home veterinary handbook. SF991.C25 2007 636.7'089—dc22 2007016275 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Fourth Edition Edited by Beth Adelman Cover design by Ruth Acosta Book production by Wiley Publishing, Inc. Composition Services 01_067857 ffirs.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page v F I Q INDING T UICKLY A special Index of Signs and Symptomsis on the inside of the front cover for fast referral. Consult this if your dog exhibits any unexplained behavior. It will help you locate the problem. The detailed Contents outlines the organs and body systems that are the sites of disease. If you can locate the problem anatomically, look here first. The General Index begins on page 607 and gives you a comprehensive guide to the book’s medical information. Where a page number is in bold, it indicates more detailed coverage of the subject. Cross-referencesnote pertinent supplementary information. A Glossary on page 585 defines medical terms used preferentially to best explain the subject or condition. Many of these words are now being used commonly among veterinarians and their clients. Glossary terms will usually be found in italics in the text. (Italics may also be used for emphasis.) v 01_067857 ffirs.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page vi A CKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Roxanne Cerda for thinking of me for this project and my incredible agent, Jessica Faust of Book Ends, for making it work. I can’t say enough good things about working with Beth Adelman as my editor—it has been fun! Sandy Young, DVM, has done a great job in her technical review. And Marcella Durand has found us some images we thought might be impos- sible to find. My thanks to my family, who have endured weird meals at weird times and dealt with the stress of occasional computer illnesses. A special thank you to my three personal dogs, who oversaw this project. Ms Dani, my Belgian Tervuren bitch, offered counsel and company while mak- ing sure the school bus returned Kate and Tom every day. Hokey, my young male Belgian Tervuren, simply makes me smile—every day and often. Susan, the almost 15-year-old Pembroke Welsh Corgi who came to us as an 8-year- old, has been my shadow, my support, and an exemplification of true love. —Debra Eldredge, DVM vi 01_067857 ffirs.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page vii T D RIBUTE TO A OG The one absolutely unselfish friend that man can have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacher- ous, is his dog. A man’s dog stands by him in prosperity and in poverty, in health and in sickness. He will sleep on the cold ground, where the wintry winds blow and the snow drives fiercely, if only he may be near his master’s side. He will kiss the hand that has no food to offer; he will lick the wounds and sores that come in encounter with the roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if he were a prince. When all other friends desert, he remains. When riches take wings and reputation falls to pieces, he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journey through the heavens. —Senator George Vest, 1870 vii 02_067857 ftoc.qxp 7/6/07 10:28 PM Page viii C ONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii Chapter 1: EMERGENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Handling and Restraint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Muzzles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Restraining for Examination and Treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Carrying an Injured Dog. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Transporting an Injured Dog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Artificial Respiration and Heart Massage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Artificial Respiration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 CPR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Shock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Anaphylactic Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Acute Painful Abdomen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Broken Bones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Burns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Cold Exposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Hypothermia (Low Body Temperature). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Frostbite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Dehydration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Drowning and Suffocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Electric Shock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Heat Stroke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Poisoning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 General Treatment of Poisoning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Contact Poisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Drug Poisons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Rodent Poisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Antifreeze. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Poison Baits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Insecticides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Garbage and Food Poisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Chocolate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Raisins, Grapes, and Other Food Poisons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Corrosive Household Products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Petroleum Products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 viii