Disabilities in Roman Antiquity Mnemosyne Supplements History and Archaeology of Classical Antiquity Editedby SusanE.Alcock,BrownUniversity ThomasHarrison,Liverpool WillemM.Jongman,Groningen VOLUME356 Thetitlespublishedinthisseriesarelistedatbrill.com/mns Disabilities in Roman Antiquity Disparate Bodies ACapiteadCalcem Editedby ChristianLaes C.F.Goodey M.LynnRose LEIDEN•BOSTON 2013 Coverillustration:Terracottafigurine,Paris,MuséeduLouvre,CA1608,height16cm.Photograph© AlexandreG.Mitchell. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData DisabilitiesinRomanantiquity:disparatebodies,acapiteadcalcem/editedbyChristianLaes,C.F. Goodey,M.LynnRose. pagescm.–(Mnemosyne,supplements.Historyandarchaeologyofclassicalantiquity,ISSN 0169-8958;Volume356) Subtitlealsoreadsas:Disparatebodies,fromheadtotoe. Includesindex. ISBN978-90-04-24831-1(hardback:alk.paper)–ISBN978-90-04-25125-0(e-book) 1.Medicine,GreekandRoman–History.2.Peoplewithmentaldisabilities–Rome–History.3. Peoplewithdisabilities–Rome–History.4.Medicalarchaeology.I.Laes,Christian,editorof compilation.II.Goodey,C.F.,editorofcompilation.III.Rose,MarthaL.,1957-editorofcompilation. R135.D572013 610.938–dc23 2013005743 Thispublicationhasbeentypesetinthemultilingual“Brill”typeface.Withover5,100characters coveringLatin,IPA,Greek,andCyrillic,thistypefaceisespeciallysuitableforuseinthehumanities. Formoreinformation,pleaseseewww.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN0169-8958 ISBN978-90-04-24831-1(hardback) ISBN978-90-04-25125-0(e-book) Copyright2013byKoninklijkeBrillNV,Leiden,TheNetherlands. KoninklijkeBrillNVincorporatestheimprintsBrill,GlobalOriental,HoteiPublishing, IDCPublishersandMartinusNijhoffPublishers. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,translated,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical, photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher. 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CONTENTS Acknowledgments...................................................... vii ListofAbbreviations.................................................... ix ListofContributors..................................................... xi ApproachingDisabilitiesaCapiteadCalcem:HiddenThemesin RomanAntiquity................................................... 1 ChristianLaes,C.F.GoodeyandM.LynnRose MentalStates,BodilyDispositionsandTableManners:AGuideto Reading‘Intellectual’DisabilityfromHomertoLateAntiquity .... 17 C.F.GoodeyandM.LynnRose PsychiatricDisabilityintheGalenicMedicalMatrix ................... 45 PatriciaA.ClarkandM.LynnRose TwoHistoricalCaseHistoriesofAcuteAlcoholismintheRoman Empire ............................................................. 73 DanielleGourevitch,withthecollaborationofGillesDemigneux ExploringVisualImpairmentinAncientRome ........................ 89 LisaTrentin ANexusofDisabilityinAncientGreekMiracleStories: AComparisonofAccountsofBlindnessfromtheAsklepieionin EpidaurosandtheShrineofTheclainSeleucia .................... 115 CorneliaB.Horn SilentHistory?SpeechImpairmentinRomanAntiquity ............... 145 ChristianLaes MonstrousBirthsandRetrospectiveDiagnosis:TheCaseof HermaphroditesinAntiquity....................................... 181 LutzAlexanderGraumann What’sinaMonster?PlinytheElder,TeratologyandBodilyDisability 211 BertGevaertandChristianLaes vi contents AKingWalkingwithPain?OntheTextualandIconographical ImagesofPhilipIIandOtherWoundedKings ..................... 231 ÉvelyneSamama DisparateLivesorDisparateDeaths?Post-MortemTreatmentofthe BodyandtheArticulationofDifference............................ 249 Emma-JayneGraham DisparateBodiesinAncientArtefacts:TheFunctionofCaricature andPathologicalGrotesquesamongRomanTerracottaFigurines 275 AlexandreG.Mitchell IndexLocorum ......................................................... 299 GeneralIndex........................................................... 314 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Whentheparticipantsofthe“ACapiteadCalcem”conferencegatheredatthe UniversityofAntwerp(UA)onthe5thand6thofSeptember2011,theyknew theyweregoingtoparticipateinaprojectwhichwouldleadtoabookona subjectwhichhadseldombeenexploredbefore.Thespeakersandthemes hadbeencarefullyselectedinordertohavebothacoherentconferenceand abookvolume.ThetwodaysinAntwerpbroughttogetherthefewscholarsin theworldwhodealwithdisabilitiesinRomanAntiquity.Inthissmallgroup, boththeatmosphereandtheexchangeofideasandopinionswereexcellent. Fordifferentreasons,PatriciaBakerandSarahFrancisdidnotcontributeto thefinalvolume.PatriciaClarkandLisaTrentindidnotparticipateatthe conference,butwerewillingtooffercontributionsatalaterstage. WewouldliketoexpressourgratitudetoStephanieFritzandHuaiZhong Cao (Truman State University) as well as to Dorien Meulenijzer (Free UniversityofBrussels)foreditorialassistanceaswellasfortheindexing. We would like to thank several institutions whose generous support madethisconferencepossible:theUniversityofKent,theFreeUniversityof Brussels(VUB),theresearchgroupCLIC(CentreforLiteraryandCultural Studies) of the same university, the University of Antwerp (UA) and the RomanSocietyResearchCentre(UniversitiesofBrussels,GhentandKent). LISTOFABBREVIATIONS Inordertokeeptokeepthisvolumeasaccessibleaspossibletoreaderswho arenotclassicistsorancienthistorians,abbreviationshavebeenkepttoa strictminimum.Bothinthechaptersandintheindexlocorum,thenames oftheauthorsandtheLatintitleoftheirworksarecitedfully. LatininscriptionsarequotedaccordingtoL’AnnéeÉpigraphique(2004) (Paris,2007)pp.699–705andtheEpigraphischeDatenbankFrankfurt(EDCS) (http://www.manfredclauss.de). PapyriarequotedaccordingtotheChecklistofeditionsofGreek,Latin, DemoticandCopticpapyri,ostracaandtablets(eds.J.F.Oatese.a.;Oakville Conn.,2001)(http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/papyrus/texts/clist.html). P.Abinn. TheAbinnaeusArchive:PapersofaRomanOfficerintheReignof ConstantiusII P.Fay. FayumTownsandtheirPapyri CIL CorpusInscriptionumLatinarum ILS InscriptionesLatinaeSelectae P.Oxy. TheOxyrhynchusPapyri P.Rein. LesPapyrusThéodoreReinach PSI Papirigrecielatini P.Vind.Tand. FünfunddreissigWienerPapyri SEG SupplementumEpigraphicumGraecum Fortheliterarysources,wehavemadeuseofthefollowingabbreviations: CMG CorpusMedicorumGraecorum FGrHist DieFragmentedergriechischenHistoriker K. Galenioperaomnia.Ed.K.G.Kühn.20vol.(Leipzig,1821–1833) L. Hippocrate.Oeuvrescomplètes.Ed.E.Littré.10vol.(Paris,1839–1861) PG PatrologiaGraeca PL PatrologiaLatina ThLL ThesaurusLinguaeLatinae(Leipzig,1900–)