DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO 1ST SPRING SCHOOL FOR JUNIOR DIPLOMATS “HUMAN RIGHTS,  PEACE AND SECURITY” 25 – 31 May 2014 Prevallë, Prizren, Republic of Kosovo IN COOPERATION WITH PRISHTINA OFFICE y m e D a c a c ti4. a1 m0 loy 2 pa Dim he 31 t– f 5 o2 y” ng t riri uu cD seo, D v no aos e K acf eo pc s, li tb hu gp rire an n, me r uz hri ts “ë, p al ml ova le pr Dip r n oo i niv uo r Jos oK l fof ooc hli cb su g ep nr rie ph st st1 of DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY 1ST SPRING SCHOOL FOR JUNIOR DIPLOMATS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO Foreword The Diplomatic Academy organised its 1st Spring bouring countries as well as Kosovo and foreign ex- School in the secluded Sharr-Hotel complex near perts / specialists the possibility to discuss security the historical town of Prizren in order to give its par- related, human rights issues and topics of regional ticipants the possibility to concentrate for a couple relevance and interest (e.g. how to foster regional of days exclusively on the thematic oriented work- cooperation among the Western Balkan states). shops, lectures and the ensuing debates on Human The Diplomatic Academy has been pursuing the Rights, Peace and Security. It was organised and goal to reach out to its sister academies in the held by renowned experts of sister institutions, Western Balkans, in the EU member states such renowned organisations and journals working in as Diplomatic Academies of Croatia, Montenegro, the field of International Diplomacy, Trade and Se- Bulgaria, Albania, as well as to institutions like Clin- curity, with the generous support of the “Friedrich gendael, George C. Marshall European Center for Ebert” Foundation – Prishtina Office. Security Studies, Diplomatic Academy of Vienna, political foundations (like the Friedrich Ebert Foun- The Diplomatic Academy’s primary task is to pre- dation), to tap into their resources and benefit pare and train the staff of the Ministry of Foreign from their know-how, in developing the negotia- Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, with the aim to tion skills of MFA’s personnel, and in improving the enable its personnel to live up successfully to the knowledge level of MFA’s diplomats, necessary for diplomatic challenges its diplomats have to tackle: the fulfilment of MFA’s different tasks.  to strengthen Kosovo’s international per- sonality as an independent and sovereign By organising workshops with regional as well in- state, ternational participation, the Diplomatic Academy  to represent the Republic of Kosovo in contributes to MFA’s political aim to foster its net- regional as well as international organisa- working activities with foreign colleagues, experts tions / fora, and specialists of academies, universities and insti-  to support actively Kosovo’s ambition to tutions dealing with international relations. get more integrated into relevant EU struc- Hereafter, this monography comprises of the tures, opening and welcoming remarks of the organisers,  to raise its reputation and political stance congratulatory messages of world renowned per- abroad. sonalities, short biographies of lecturers as well as With its organisation of the 1st Spring School on the latter’s papers/conclusions on the presented “Human Rights, Peace and Security”, the Diplomat- topics, impressions of participating junior diplo- ic Academy gave junior diplomats of the Kosovo mats, short background information of organising MFA, the MFA’s of the Southeast European neigh institutions, and pictures capturing different mo- ments of this event. Design & Layout: Berat Ymeri | [email protected] Print: Blendi | www.blendi-ks.com © September 2014, Diplomatic Academy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Kosovo “HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACE AND SECURITY” 2 DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY 1ST SPRING SCHOOL FOR JUNIOR DIPLOMATS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO Table oF ConTenT I. OPEnInG AnD WElCOMInG REMARKS ............................................................................ 5 mr. skender Durmishi, Director of the Diplomatic academy of the republic of Kosovo..................... 7 Mr. Wulf Lapins, Head of Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Prishtina Office................................................ 8 II. COnGRATulATORy MESSAGES......................................................................................... 11 ambassador albert rohan....................................................................................................................... 12 prof. Dr. eckhart stratenschulte.............................................................................................................. 14 ambassador frank g. Wisner.................................................................................................................. 16 ambassador Wolfgang ischinger............................................................................................................. 18 ambassador Wolfgang petritsch and ambassador shaun byrnes....................................................... 20 III. LECTURERS’ PAPERS............................................................................................................ 23 ○ “globalization, human rights and critical social science” by fatos tarifa, phD, university of new york tirana, former albanian ambassador to the netherlands and the united states......................................................................................................................................................... 25 ○ “the constitution of the republic of Kosovo and human rights” by prof. Dr. iliriana isla- mi, university of prishtina, board member of the Kosovo Diplomatic academy.................................. 33 ○ “europe on the way to a new security paradigm – or simply watching the old one crum- ble away?” by brig. gen. mag. Wolfgang peischel, editor-in-chief, austrian military Jour- nal (Ömz)................................................................................................................................................... 37 ○ “international protection of human rights, international criminal responsibility and humanitarian intervention” by prof. Dr. matthias K. scheer ll. m., university of ham- burg........................................................................................................................................................... 43 ○ “cyber security: overview and implications for southeast europe” by David D. Johnson, colonel, usaf, george c. marshall european center for security studies, college of international security studies.................................................................................................................. 47 ○ “conference Diplomacy” by paul meerts, senior research associate and former Deputy Director of the netherlands institute of international relations “clingendael”.................................... 53 ○ “economic security: a major challenge in southeast europe” by prof. Dr. valbona zene- li, professor of national security studies - george c. marshall european center for security studies........................................................................................................................................ 63 ○ “understanding the eu values and standards: some lessons from croatia” by h.e. mr. Mladen Andrlić Ph.D, Ambassador, Head of the Directorate for Diplomatic, European and Predeployment Training – Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs in Croatia........................... 69 IV. REMARKS by MR. HAnS-JOCHEn SCHMIDT (Ex-AMbASSADOR OF GER- MAny), ADvISOR TO THE KOSOvO DIPlOMATIC ACADEMy.......................................... 75 V. PARTICIPAnTS’ IMPRESSIOnS ............................................................................................ 79 VI. ConCLUSIonS..................................................................................................................... 89 VII. oRgAnISIng InSTITUTIonS.............................................................................................. 93 “HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACE AND SECURITY” 3 DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY 1ST SPRING SCHOOL FOR JUNIOR DIPLOMATS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO the opening ceremony. “HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACE AND SECURITY” 4 DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY 1ST SPRING SCHOOL FOR JUNIOR DIPLOMATS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO I opening and welComing remarks “HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACE AND SECURITY” 5 DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY 1ST SPRING SCHOOL FOR JUNIOR DIPLOMATS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO mr. sKenDer Durmishi, Director of the Diplomatic acaDemy, giving his speech During the opening cere- mony. “HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACE AND SECURITY” 6 DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY 1ST SPRING SCHOOL FOR JUNIOR DIPLOMATS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO MR. SKenDeR DuRMiShi Director of the Diplomatic acaDemy of the republic of Kosovo Good morning everyone, on the other hand, on daily basis, our in- Dear participants of the Spring School of the Diplo- stitutions are making progress to implement in matic Academy, reality such high standards for human rights. Your Excellencies, However, the topic of Spring School, as you may have noticed from the agenda, has even Dear Mr. Wulf, a wider scope and magnitude. We tried to offer Members of the Board of the Academy, opportunity to sharpen focus on some other top- ics with global and local significance: cyber ter- Ladies and Gentlemen, rorism, security on economic investments, Euro- pean Union and regional cooperation, important topics on International Law such as responsibility Allow me to express myself how delight- of the states, globalisation, techniques of diplo- ed I am to welcome you all at the opening of the macy, etc. First Spring School for Young Diplomats of the Diplomatic Academy of Kosovo. We consider those as strong topics. Be- sides, in this project we have with us strong The first thing that comes to my mind partners such as distinguished academies and at this very moment is the old proverb that says institutions, and prominent professors as well as “even the longest road begins with a first step”. The carrier ambassadors. Diplomatic Academy is making the first step. but, the diplomatic course that we are starting today This is the occasion to thank them all. will be a regular one. our hope is that the Spring Many distinguished personalities offered sup- School will have a long road ahead, by providing port, and some of them have sent letters of a useful forum for professional diplomats to de- congratulation including Ambassador Wolfgang bate interesting and actual issues of regional and Ischinger, Ambassador Wolfgang Petrisch, Am- global character. bassador Shaun M. byrnes, Ambassador Frank Wisner, Director of the European Academy Berlin Today and here with us, to participate at Prof. Dr. Eckart D. Stratenschulte. We are grateful the First Spring School, are young diplomats from and appreciate their support and hope to have Albania, bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Macedonia, them soon in our programs. Montenegro, Turkey and our colleges from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Special thanks I have to extend to the Kosovo. Friedrich Ebert Foundation, especially to its coun- try director Mr. Wulf lapins and Mrs. Antoneta I am pleased to welcome you all to the Coli, not only for financial sponsorship, but for opening of the First Spring School of the Diplo- their dedication and friendly cooperation to or- matic Academy on “Human Rights, Peace and Se- ganise this Spring School. curity”. let me explain briefly why we have decid- ed for this topic. Launching a Spring School is a huge event for the Diplomatic Academy of Kosovo with Issue of Human Rights is actually in the only two years of experience. This is one more very core of institutional and social life in Kosovo. indicator of the strengthening of Kosovo’s diplo- So to say, our Factor x. Issue of Human Right is of macy. This shows our interest to offer our contri- crucial importance and significance. bution and commitment to regional partnership It is easy to see that this is not about rhet- and cooperation. oric or only nice wording. Human Rights are an important part of our overall legal framework. Kosovo provides legal and constitutional guaran- Thank You. ties for gender equality, child protection, minority rights. Human rights and fundamental freedoms guaranteed by international agreements and in- struments are directly applicable in the Republic of Kosovo. “HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACE AND SECURITY” 7 DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY 1ST SPRING SCHOOL FOR JUNIOR DIPLOMATS MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO MR. WulF lApinS heaD of frieDrich ebert founDation prishtina office is not self evident. It is rather the result of many Esteemed Mr. Durmishi, Director of the Diplomatic years of diplomatic efforts. And, each generation Academy, has to continue. Distinguished Excellencies from different Embassies In the integrated Europe a military conflict of European countries in Kosovo, is no longer imaginable - because of the diplomatic and judicial procedures for coping with and solving Dear lecturers and participants, conflicts - have increased in influence and effec- Human rights, peace and security are the tiveness. but this welcome state of affairs has un- general topic of this First Spring School. “Human fortunately led to complacency in the democratic rights, peace and security are not everything. But Europe that suppressed the awareness. without their existence - everything is nothing.” In the The European triad (security, peace and meaning that they make life liveable and in human human rights) is challenging: Firstly by non-demo- - dignity. These three key terms are the basis of val- cratic states – but with an authoritarian moderniza- ue of the democratic Europe. tion; Secondly, in particular with regard to the Rus- Like many of my generation, I grew up sian policy towards Ukraine. The integrated Europe with the matter of course for Europe. It was clear is rubbing the eyes and is deeply shocked. to most of my generation that reconciliation with Long gone old pictures appear now again. german neighbours in the West was indivisible The European face of Russia is fading. our friends from the ideas of a unified Europe: Which, at that in Poland and in the Baltic States even say: Presi- time meant West Europe. open borders, travel, dent Putin does not follow the policy of Peter the other people and culture, new eating and living great. This Caesar is not Putin’s model, they tell us. habits - fascinated us. Peter the great had been an industrializer and cul- But I will admit openly and honestly: The tural visionary, turning his country into a European young people of other middle and east European power. countries, they should have the same possibilities, For them, Putin is much more like anoth- Europe should offer all citizens peace and oppor- er Caesar, namely: nicholas the First. nicholas tunity, civil rights and participation: This vision was stumbled into military conflict with the british and unfortunately not very common in my generation. French and rejected calls for the basic reforms Whenever I was returning from travelling to - needed to enable Russia to compete with the Warsaw, Prague or Leipzig - back to West germany world powers of the day. nicholas had a cramped - to my fellow students – I was impressed by many perspective and an arrogant personality. Always conversations and meetings there with people of attentive to the armed forces and the secret ser- my generation, discussing with them confidentially vices, he overlooked the broader necessity to mod- about the vision of a unified Europe in general. ernize Russia’s economy and society. Repeatedly, the stereotypical response of Because of the 28 EU member states do my friends in bonn, Munich or Hamburg had been: not agree in their policy towards Russia, the Krem- This Europe vision is an illusion because of the divi- lin can and will continue to try splitting. Reflecting sion of Europe, because of the Soviet Union never on the history, principles and development of the will give up its part of Europe and in general that EU – it was also merited as it was gratifying - that would be a dangerous imagination with respect to the EU won the nobel Prize in 2012. But: the price the frozen stability in Europe. But history takes no is committed also for the future. account of political hesitation, worries and conve- A return to thinking and acting in catego- nience. ries of the law of the strongest is not acceptable. The European idea was too alluring with Russia is unfortunately on this path. In the period its promise of securing peace, human rights and of Détente, the Western Europeans came to terms democracy, with an opportunity for prosperity for with the political conditions of the so called peace- all, the indispensable cement of social equality for ful co-existence and sometimes mistook with po- every society. The iron curtain fell. litical stability. At that time, too often a lot of our politicians paid the prominent European value of The triad of security, peace and human human rights only as lip service. After the fall of rights is shaping the vision of a modern Europe tak- the iron curtain they apologized. With regard to ing its place in a globalised world. The integrated Ukraine, I hope that we do not have to apologize Europe now is a peace community. However, this “HUMAN RIGHTS, PEACE AND SECURITY” 8