O E C D D ig it a l G OECD Digital Government Studies o v e r n Digital Government in Mexico m e n t S tu SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE TRANSFORMATION d ie s D ig it a l G o v e r n m e n t in M e x ic o S U S T A IN A B L E A N D IN C L U S IV E T R A N S F O R M A T IO N N C U H A L N O VER SI OECD Digital Government Studies Digital Government in Mexico SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE TRANSFORMATION N C U H A L N O VER SI This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. Please cite this publication as: OECD (2020), Digital Government in Mexico: Sustainable and Inclusive Transformation, OECD Digital Government Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/6db24495-en. ISBN 978-92-64-41712-0 (print) ISBN 978-92-64-55068-1 (pdf) ISBN 978-92-64-54684-4 (HTML) ISBN 978-92-64-31497-9 (epub) OECD Digital Government Studies ISSN 2413-1954 (print) ISSN 2413-1962 (online) Photo credits: Cover © Prospera Digital/Mi Salud (Image provided by the Ministry of Public Administration, Mexico) Corrigenda to publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm. © OECD 2020 The use of this work, whether digital or print, is governed by the Terms and Conditions to be found at http://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions.  3 Foreword This review of Digital Government in Mexico discusses and assesses the evolution, achievements and challenges of the digital government policy in Mexico. It was prepared at the request of the Coordination of the National Digital Strategy office (Coordinación de la Estrategia Digital Nacional, CEDN) at the Office of the President in Mexico with the support of the Ministry of Public Administration (Secretaría de la Función Pública, SFP), and the Research and Innovation Centre on Information and Communications Technology (INFOTEC). The review provides recommendations on how to strengthen the governance and accelerate the digital transformation of the public sector in Mexico. Since the early 2000s, Mexico has sought to make the most of digital opportunities to improve government performance. It first partnered with the OECD in the 2005 eGovernment Review of Mexico. In 2011, the OECD Public Governance Review of Mexico also touched upon the implementation of e-government. Mexico has engaged closely with the OECD on open government data, which is a critical element for the digital transformation. The 2016 Open Government Data Review of Mexico was followed by the 2018 report on Open Government Data in Mexico: The Way Forward. The collaboration with Mexico was also pivotal for the development of the 2017 OECD/G20 “Compendium of good practices on the use of open data for anti-corruption”. These continuous efforts have borne fruit. Mexico has established itself as a global and regional leader in digital government and open government data. However, as digital government matures and requires alignment across policy areas, more effective co ordination will be needed from the centre to ensure coherent and cohesive digital transformation across the entire public sector. This is a core element of the OECD Recommendation of the Council on Digital Government Strategies adopted in 2014. Open, collaborative and inclusive approaches require a cultural change in the administration, and the right leadership and political support to overcome institutional legacies and silos. These fundamental changes require a governance framework that links and engages the different actors for a sustainable implementation of digital government strategies and secures long-term continuity and sustainability of actions and results. The current volume of Digital Government in Mexico takes stock of Mexico’s journey towards the digital transformation of government. It focuses on a whole-of-government approach and on sound governance frameworks as enablers of sustained policy results. It looks at the provision of public services that use data and emerging technologies, and involve the users in service design processes. It acknowledges successes and identifies the areas of opportunity (for instance, in terms of governance) that will help sustain the emergence of Mexico as a global digital leader. This report contributes to and benefits from the OECD Going Digital project, an OECD wide two-year initiative assessing the impact of the digital revolution across policy areas. It also draws on the strengths of OECD policy communities in this area, including the OECD Working Party of Senior Digital Government Officials (E-Leaders). DIGITAL GOVERNMENT IN MEXICO © OECD 2020  5 Acknowledgements This report was prepared by the OECD Directorate for Public Governance, under the leadership of Marcos Bonturi. The report was produced by the OECD Reform of Public Sector Division, headed by Stéphane Jacobzone, Acting Head of Division. It has benefited from the strategic orientation and revisions of Barbara-Chiara Ubaldi, Acting Deputy Head of the OECD Reform of Public Sector Division and lead of the Digital Transformation of the Public Sector work. The report was drafted by Jacob Arturo Rivera Perez, Digital Government and Open Data Policy Analyst, Reform of Public Sector, OECD; and Rodrigo Mejia Ricart, digital government policy consultant. The authors are grateful to Raquel Páramo and Javier González for administrative support and Liv Gaunt for editorial assistance. The report has benefited from the expertise of the OECD Working Party of Senior Digital Government Officials (E-Leaders). This project would not have been possible without the support of the Coordination of the National Digital Strategy at the Office of the President in Mexico; the Ministry of Public Administration; and the Research and Innovation Centre on Information and Communications Technology. Finally, the Secretariat would like to acknowledge the invaluable contribution of Yolanda Martinez, Coordinator of the National Digital Strategy, Mexico; Alejandra Lagunes, former Coordinator of the National Digital Strategy, Mexico; and Tania Paola Cruz Romero, Head of the Digital Government Unit of the Ministry of Public Administration and their teams. The OECD Secretariat is deeply thankful to Ambassador Mónica Aspe, Permanent Representative of Mexico to the OECD, and Maya Camacho, Second Secretary from the Permanent Delegation of Mexico to the OECD, for all their support throughout this project. DIGITAL GOVERNMENT IN MEXICO © OECD 2020  7 Table of contents Foreword 3 Acknowledgements 5 Executive summary 9 Assessment and Recommendations 11 The fourth industrial revolution: Leveraging digital government in Mexico 12 Governance for sustainable and inclusive digital government 13 Strides towards a digital and user-driven administration in Mexico 19 Building digital capability in the Mexican public sector 21 References 24 Notes 25 1 The case for a digital government in Mexico 27 The age of disruption 28 Digital government at the core of public sector reform 29 References 31 Note 32 2 The evolution from e-government to digital government in Mexico 33 References 37 3 Governance for sustainable and inclusive digital government 39 The National Digital Strategy (2013-18) 40 Political leadership: Creating an enabling environment for change 50 Organisational frameworks to deliver on digital ambitions 52 References 53 Notes 55 4 Strides towards a digital and user-driven administration in Mexico 57 Digital service transformation 58 A data culture that supports digital strategy and delivery 60 Building digital capability in the Mexican public sector 64 References 68 Notes 70 DIGITAL GOVERNMENT IN MEXICO © OECD 2020 8  Figures Figure 1. Structure of the Mexican National Digital Strategy: Objectives and enablers 13 Figure 2. OECD fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, by technology, December 2017 14 Figure 1.1. The digital transformation of the public sector 31 Figure 3.1. Structure of the Mexican National Digital Strategy: Objectives and enablers 41 Figure 3.2. Mexico’s performance in international indices on digital government 41 Figure 3.3. Internet users as share of the total population 42 Figure 3.4. Mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 43 Figure 3.5. OECD fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, by technology, December 2017 43 Figure 3.6. OECD mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, by technology, December 2017 44 Figure 3.7. Results of the 2018 OECD Open Government Data Review of Mexico: General summary 49 Figure 4.1. The transformation of the administrative procedures required by heirs when confronted with the death of their parents 61 Figure 4.2. Data governance in the public sector 64 Boxes Box 1. Proposals for action 18 Box 2. Proposals for action 23 Box 2.1. 2005 e-Government Study of Mexico: Key policy recommendations 36 Box 2.2. Public Governance Review of Mexico of 2011: 37 Box 3.1. Leveraging new technologies to foster inclusion with Prospera Digital 45 Box 3.2. Carpeta Ciudadana (citizen file): Enhancing data management and service delivery in Spain 46 Box 3.3. Digitalisation agencies in Portugal and Denmark 52 Box 4.1. Gob.mx: Transforming service delivery and digital engagement in Mexico 59 Box 4.2. BlockchainHackMX: Building blockchain capability in Mexico 59 Box 4.3. Transforming service delivery in Korea through life-events approaches 61 Box 4.4. France: The Villani Report 62 Box 4.5. Attracting new talent in government in the United States 65 Box 4.6. 18F’s agile procurement agreements in the United States 67 Follow OECD Publications on: http://twitter.com/OECD_Pubs http://www.facebook.com/OECDPublications http://www.linkedin.com/groups/OECD-Publications-4645871 http://www.youtube.com/oecdilibrary OECD Alerts http://www.oecd.org/oecddirect/ DIGITAL GOVERNMENT IN MEXICO © OECD 2020