Dm VOLUME CONTENTS Diabetic Medicine Journal of the British Diabetic Association Contents Volume 15 Numbers 1-12 January 1998 Number 1 DM Diary . 5 Guest Editorial The Elusive Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes A. Dornhorst, S. P. Chan. 7 Reviews Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young: a Clinical History R. B. Tattersall. 11 Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young: Clinical Heterogeneity Explained by Genetic Heterogeneity A. T. Hattersley. 15 Original Articles Gestational 'Impaired Glucose Tolerance': Should the Cut-off be Raised to 9 mmol 1“’? T. T. Lao, C. P. Lee. 25 Quantitative EEG during Controlled Hypoglycaemia in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Children M. Bjorgaas, T. Sand, T. Vik, R. lorde. 30 Coeliac Disease in Children and Adolescents with IDDM: Clinical Characteristics and Response to Gluten-free Diet C L Acerini, M L. Ahmed, K. M. Ross, P. B. Sullivan, G. Bird, D. B. Danger. 38 Determinants of Specific Serum Insulin Concentrations in a General Caucasian Population aged 50 to 74 years (the Hoorn Study) /. M. Mooy, P. A. Grootenhuis, H. de Vries, L. M. Boater, P. /. Kostense, R. I. Heine. 45 Mortality and Morbidity from Diabetes in South Asians and Europeans: 11-Year Follow-up of the Southall Diabetes Survey, London, UK H. M. Mather, N. Chaturvedi, /. H. Fuller. 53 Rate of Decline in Renal Function in Indo-Asians and Whites with Diabetic Nephropathy N. P. Koppiker, /. Feehally, N. Raymond, K. R. Abrams, A. C. Burden. 60 Randomized Clinical Trial of Lifestyle Interventions in Pima Indians: a Pilot Study K. M. V. Narayan, M. Hoskin, D. Kozak, A. M. Kriska, R. L. Hanson, D. /. Pettitt, D. K. Nagi, P. H. Bennett, W. C. Knowler. 66 An Intensive Weight Loss Programme in Established Type 2 Diabetes and Controls: Effects on Weight and Atherosclerosis Risk Factors at 1 Year R. B. Paisey, P. Harvey, S. Rice, 1. Belka, L. Bower, M. Dunn, P. Taylor, R. M. Paisey, I. Frost, I. Ash. 73 Clinical Practice Evaluation of a Diabetic Foot Screening and Protection Programme C. I. McCabe, R. C. Stevenson, A. M. Dolan. 80 Letters Commercially Sponsored Supplements M. Berger. 85 Strategy for Arterial Risk Assessment and Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus C. lohnston. 85 Statistical Guidelines . 87 February 1998 Number 2 DM Diary . 94 Guest Editorial Pregnancy in Diabetes: Success or Failure? P. /. Watkins. 95 Review Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy A. Dejgaard. 97 ISSN 0742-3071 DIMEEV 15(1-12) 1-1086 (1998) 1075 Dm VOLUME CONTENTS Original Articles Autoantibodies to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase and Phenotypic Features Associated with Early Insulin Treatment in Individuals with Adult-onset Diabetes Mellitus A. R. C. Humphrey, D. /. McCarty, I. R. Mackay, M. I. Rowley, T. Dwyer, P. Zimmet. 113 Delayed Gastric Emptying Occurs Following Acarbose Administration and is a Further Mechanism for its Anti-hyperglycaemic Effect L Ranganath, F. Norris, L Morgan, /. Wright, V. Marks. 120 Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) using Bipolar Foot Electrodes in the Assessment of Body Composition in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus E. Y. Tsui, X. I. Gao, B. Zinman. 125 Associations of Body Composition with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 7. S. Han, E. M. Eeskens, M. E. /. Lean, /. C Seidell. 129 A Pilot Urban Church-based Programme to Reduce Risk Factors for Diabetes Among Western Samoans in New Zealand D. Simmons, C. Fleming, I. Voyle, F. Fou, S. Feo, B. Gatland. 136 Pupillary Dilatation and Driving in Diabetic Patients E. B. Jude, B. Ryan, B. M. O'Leary, /. M. Gibson, P. M. Dodson. 143 Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction in a Community Population of Diabetic Patients M. /. Smithson, P. Perros. 148 Glycaemic Control and Development of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Longitudinal Study P.-l- Guillausseau, P. Massin, M.-A. Charles, H. Allaguy, Z. Guvenli, M. Virally, D. Tielmans, M. Assayag, A. Warnet, I. Lubetzki. 151 Antibodies to Pancreatic Islet Cell Antigens in Diabetes Seen in Southern India with Particular Reference to Fibrocalculous Pancreatic Diabetes V. Mohan, R. Deepa, E. Bhatia, A. K. Singh, C. A. Hitman, P. Z. Zimmet, 1. R. MacKay. 156 Short Report Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Down's Syndrome: Prevalence, Management and Diabetic Complications A. /. Anwar, /. D. Walker, B. M. Frier. 160 International Scene A Fligh Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in the Danagla Community in Northern Sudan M. N. Elbagir, M. A. Eltom, E. A. Elmahadi, 1. M. S. Kadam, C Berne. 164 Clinical Practice Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy by General Practitioners: Ophthalmoscopy or Retinal Photography as 35 mm Colour Transparencies? D. R. Owens, R. L. Gibbins, P. A. Lewis, S. Wall, I. C. Allen, R. Morton. 170 Letter Serum Sialic Acid in South Indian Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Microvascular Complications V. Vijay, C. Snehalatha, A. Ramachandran, M. jayaraman. 176 March 1998 Number 3 DM Diary . 182 Diabetes Care . 184 Forthcoming Papers . 186 Editorial The Medical Costs of Social Deprivation—^Whose Job Is It An>'way? S. A. Amiel. 187 Review The Emerging Role of Post-prandial Hyperglycaemic Spikes in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Complications A. Ceriello. 188 Original Articles The Blood Glucose Lowering Effects of Exercise and Glibenclamide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus U. Gudat, S. Bungert, F. Kemmer and L. Heinemann. 194 Counterregulatory Hormones in Insulin-treated Diabetic Patients Admitted to an Accident and Emergency Department with Hypoglycaemia A. Hvidberg, N. I. Christensen and j. Hilsted. 199 Social Deprivation and Mortality in Adults with Diabetes Mellitus N. Robinson, C E. Lloyd and L K. Stevens. 205 Low Educational Status is a Risk Factor for Mortality Among Diabetic People P. M. Nilsson, S.-E. Johansson and I. Sundquist. 213 Size at Birth, Maternal Weight, and Type 2 Diabetes in South India C. H. D. Eall, C E. Stein, K. Kumaran, V. Cox, C Osmond, D. /. P. Barker and C N. Hales. 220 Peripheral Sensory Nerve Dysfunction in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus L. Barkai, P. Kempler, 1. Vamosi, K. Lukacs, A. Marton and K. Keresztes . 228 prn _VOLUME CONTENTS Reproducibility and Comparability of Insulin Sensitivity Indices Measured by Stable-label Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test R. Hovorka, P. Bannister, D. I. A. Eckland, D. Halliday, D. N. Murley, S. E. Rees and M. A. Young. 234 Short Reports Human Insulin Analogue (LYS(B28), PRO(B29)]: The Ideal Pump Insulin? S. Schmaufi, A. Konig and R. Landgraf.. 247 A Comparison of Digital Retinal Images and 35 mm Colour Transparencies in Detecting and Grading Diabetic Retinopathy L. D. George, M. Halliwell, R. Hill, S. I. Aldington, I. Lusty, F. Dunstan and D. R. Owens. 250 Instant Electronic Imaging Systems are Superior to Polaroid at Detecting Sight-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy R. E. /. Ryder, N. Kong, A. S. Bates, /. Sim, I. Welch and E. E. Kritzinger. 254 Case Reports Central Pontine Myelinolysis and Ataxia: an Unusual Manifestation of Hypoglycaemia S. M. Rajbhandari, 7. Powell, C. A. 6. Davies-lones and I. D. Ward. 259 Use of a Prostacyclin Analogue in Cholesterol Crystal Embolism A. Radauceanu, A. Avignon, ). Ribstein and L. Monnier . 262 Book Review Clinical Research in Diabetes and Obesity Reviewed by M. L. Evans. 264 April 1998 Number 4 DM Diary . 270 Diabetes Care . 272 Forthcoming Papers . 274 Guest Editorial Diabetes Mellitus and Myocardial Infarction: a Time to Act or a Time to Wait? 6. M. Fisher. 275 Original Articles Managing the Diabetic Patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction /. 5. Yudkin 276 Which Drugs Benefit Diabetic Patients for Secondary Prevention of Myocardial Infarction? T. M. MacDonald, R. Butler, R. W. Newton and A. D. Morris. 282 Beta-cell Deterioration Determines the Onset and Rate of Progression of Secondary Dietary Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: the 10-year Follow-up of the Belfast Diet Study I. Levy, A. B. Atkinson, P. M. Bell, D. R. McCance and D. R. Hadden. 290 UKPDS 26: Sulphonylurea Failure in Non-insulin-dependent Diabetic Patients over Six Years D. R. Matthews, C. A. Cull, I. M. Stratton, R. R. Holman and R. C. Turner. 297 Glycaemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: a Population-based Study C. Bruno, P. Cavello-Perin, C. Bargero, M. Borra, N. D’Errico and C. Pagano. 304 Rate and Mode of Death during Five Years of Follow-up among Patients with Acute Chest Pain with and without a History of Diabetes Mellitus /. Herlitz, B. W. Karlson, I. Lindqvist and M. Sjolin. 308 Polymorphisms of Platelet Glycoproteins in Relation to Macrovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus A. M. Carter, M. W. Mansfield and P. I. Grant... 315 Enhancement of Soluble CD23 Serum Levels and Cell-surface CD23-Expression in Subjects at Increased Risk of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and in Diabetic Patients M. A. Avanzini, L. Vitali, C. d'Annunzio, M. De Amici, C. Strigazzi, A. Alibrandi and R. Lorini. 320 NEFA Elevation during a Hyperglycaemic Clamp Enhances Insulin Secretion S. M. Chalkley, E. W. Kraegen, S. M. Purler, L. V. Campbell and D. /. Chisholm. 327 International Scene Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Cardiovascular Risk Factors in an Adult Urban Population in Paraguay /. T. Jimenez, M. Palacios, F. Cahete, L. A. Barriocanal, U. Medina, R. Figueredo, S. Martinez, M. V. de Melgarejo, S. Weik, R. Kiefer, K. G. M. M. Alberti and R. Moreno-Azorero. 334 Clinical Practice Factors Associated with Clinic Non-attendance in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus P. H. Dyer, C. E. Lloyd, R. J. Lancashire, S. C. Bain and A. H. Barnett 339 Conference Report Mobile Retinal Screening in Britain R. Taylor, D. M. Broadbent, R. Greenwood, D. Hepburn, D. R. Owens and H. Simpson. 344 Letters Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children P. Daggett. 348 Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children: Authors' Reply V. V. Khadilkar, F. J. Cameron, K. C. Hawkins and R. C. Tasker. 348 1077 Dm VOLUME CONTENTS Myocardial Infarction on a 17-year-old Diabetic Adolescent C. S. Bartsocas, C. Kar,siou and C. Dafogianni. 349 Book Review Childhood and Adolescent Diabetes Reviewed by R. M. Ayling. 350 May 1998 Number 5 DM Diary . 356 Diabetes Care . 358 Guest Editorial Lipids and Diabetes: a Fatal Combination? K. G. M. M. Alberti. 359 Review Role of Non-esterified Fatty Acids in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus C. Paolisso, B. V. Howard. 360 Original Articles Cryptolepis sanguinolenta: an Ethnobotanical Approach to Drug Discovery and the Isolation of a Potentially Useful New Antihyperglycaemic Agent /. Luo, D. M. Fort, T. /. Carlson, B. K. Noamesi, D. nii-Amon-Kotei, S. R. King, j. Tsai, I. Quan, C. Hobensack, P. Lapresca, N. Waldeck, C. D. Mendez, S. D. lolad, D. E. Bierer, C. M. Reaven. 367 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Response to a Physiological Mixed Meal and Relationship to Renal Function P. D. Chattington, /. V. Anderson, L H. Rees, C. P. Leese, /. R. Peters, I. P. Vora. 375 Reducing Lipid Peroxidation Stress of Erythrocyte Membrane by a-tocopherol Nicotinate Plays an Important Role in Improving Blood Rheological Properties in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Retinopathy 7. Chung, 1.1. Hau Yu, D.-Z. Liu. 380 Lipid But Not Glycaemic Parameters Predict Total Mortality from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Canterbury, New Zealand C. M. Florkowski, R. S. Scott, C. L. Moir, P. /. Graham. 386 Carbohydrate Malabsorption Following Acarbose Administration H. Sobajima, M. Mori, T. Niwa, M. Muramatsu, Y. Sugimoto, K. Kato, 5. Naruse, T. Kondo, T. Hayakawa. 393 Perceived Symptoms of Hypoglycaemia in Elderly Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Insulin A. /. Jaap, G. C. Jones, R. J. McCrimmon, 1. J. Deary, B. M. Frier. 398 Autonomic Function in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus H. Tanaka, L. Hyllienmark, O. Thulesius, T. Brismar, J. Ludvigsson, M. O. Ericson, L-E. Lindblad, H. Tamai. 402 Conservative Surgical Approach Versus Non-surgical Management for Diabetic Neuropathic Foot Ulcers: a Randomized Trial A. Piaggesi, E. Schipani, F. Campi, M. Romanelli, F. Baccetti, C. Arvia, R. Navalesi. 412 Parental History of Hypertension and Parental History of Diabetes and Microvascular Complications in Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study C. Roglic, H. M. Colhoun, L. K. Stevens, H. H. Lemkes, C. Manes, J. H. Fuller. 418 Short Report Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography: False Positive Scans in Proteinuric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus at High Risk of Ischaemic Heart Disease M. E. Griffin, K. Nikookam, M. M. Teh, H. McCann, N. M. O'Meara, R. C. Firth. 427 Case Reports Onset of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Infancy after Enterovirus Infections M. Lonnrot, M. Knip, M. Roivainen, P. Koskela, H. K. Akerblom, H. Hyoty. 431 Hyperglycaemia due to Insulin Resistance Caused by Interferon-y 7. Shiba, N. Higashi, Y. Nishimura. 435 Erratum . 437 June 1998 Number 6 DM Diary 444 Diabetes Care 446 Dm VOLUME CONTENTS Guest Editorial The Demand and Financial Cost of Hospital Care for Diabetes Mellitus and its Related Complications C. /. Currie, }. R. Peters. 449 History of Diabetes Seventy-five Years Ago: Insulin Treatment in Hereford General Hospital H. Connor, C. /. C Renton. 452 Original Articles immunochemical Quantification of Crossline as a Fluorescent Advanced Glycation Endproduct in Erythrocyte Membrane Proteins from Diabetic Patients With or Without Retinopathy M. Yamaguchi, N. Nakamura, K. Nakano, Y. Kitagawa, H. Shigeta, C. Hasegawa, K. lenaga, K. Nakamura, Y. Nakazawa, I. Fukui, H. Obayashi, M. Kondo. 458 Impaired Vasoconstriction of Peripheral Cutaneous Blood Flow in Type 1 Diabetic Patients Following Food Ingestion M. Rossi, K. Lall, N. Standfield, A. Dornhorst. 463 Evidence for Specific Autoimmunity Against Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Tissues in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and the Relation to Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction D. Muhr-Becker, A. C. Ziegler, A. Druschky, C. Wolfram, M. Hasibeck, B. Neundorfer, E. Standi, O. Schnell. 467 Serum Sex-hormone-binding Globulin is Related to Hepatic and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity But Not to Beta-cell Function in Men and Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus /. Laing, A. O. Olukoga, C Gordon, A. I. M. Boulton. 473 Plasma Leptin Is Not Associated With Insulin Resistance and Proinsulin in Non-diabetic South Asian Indians C. Snehalatha, A. Ramachandran, K. Satyavani, V. Vijay, S. M. Haffner. 480 Prolonged and Enhanced Secretion of Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (7-36 Amide) After Oral Sucrose Due to a-Glucosidase Inhibition (Acarbose) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients C Seifarth, /. Bergmann, /. I. Holst, R. Ritzel, W. Schmiegel, M. A. Nauck. 485 Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycaemia in Children and Adolescents Using Multiple Daily Insulin Injection Therapy S. Tupola, J. Rajantie. 492 The Comparison of Four Weight Reduction Strategies Aimed at Overweight Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Four-year Follow-up R. M. Manning, R. T. lung, C. P. Leese, R. W. Newton. 497 Oral Magnesium Supplementation in Insulin-requiring Type 2 Diabetic Patients H. W. de Valk, R. Verkaaik, H. /. M. van Rijn, R. A. Ceerdink and A. Struyvenberg. 503 Special Report Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Outpatient Management of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy A. /. M. Boulton, F. A. Cries, /. A. jervell. 508 Case Reports Simultaneous Onset of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in identical Infant Twins with Enterovirus Infection C P. Smith, C. B. Clements, M. H. Riding, P. Collins, C. F. Bottazzo, K. W. Taylor. 515 Running Shoes for Relief of Plantar Pressure in Diabetic Patients T. Kastenbauer, C. Sokol, M. Auinger, K. Irsigler. 518 Book Reviews Lipids and the Kidney: Contributions to Nephrology Reviewed by S. M. Marshall. 523 The Economics of Diabetes and Diabetes Care Reviewed by C /. Currie. 523 Letters Long-term ACE Inhibitor Therapy in Diabetic Nephropathy: Potential Hazard? N. N. Chan, M. D. Feher. 524 Radio Emissions and Accutrend " Malfunction B. Mueller, P. Diem. 524 Radio Emissions and Accutrend Malfunction: Reply /. Parfrement. 524 Do Radio Emissions Cause Accutrend to Malfunction? P. De Caluwe, D. Bandau. 525 July 1998 Number 7 DM Diary . 532 Editorials New Diagnostic Criteria and Classification of Diabetes—Again? K. C. M. M. Alberti, P. Z. Zimmet. 535 Learning to Use a New Drug—the Fast-acting Insulin Analogues S. A. Amiel.. 537 Special Report Definition, Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. Part 1: Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Provisional Report of a WHO Consultation K. C. M. M. Alberti, P. Z. Zimmet for the WHO Consultation. 539 Dm VOLUME CONTENTS Original Articles Comparison of the Current WHO and New ADA Criteria for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus in Three Ethnic Groups in the UK N Unwin, K. G. M. M. Alberti, R. Bhopal, j. Harland, W. Watson, M. White. The Relative Merits of Haemoglobin A,,- and Fasting Plasma Glucose as First-line Diagnostic Tests for Diabetes Mellitus in Non-pregnant Subjects K. Wiener, N. B. Roberts. 558 A Population-based Study of the Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetes Mellitus in Southern Taiwan F.-H. Lu, Y.-C. Yang, l.-S. Wu, C-H. Wu, C.-l- Chang. 564 Glycated Haemoglobin and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Chinese Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance C. T. C. Ko, /. C N. Chan, /. Woo, E. Lau, V. T. F. Yeung, C.-C. Chow, I. K. Y. Li, W.-Y. So, W.-B. Chan, C S. Cockram .... 573 Reduced Nerve Blood Flow in Diabetic Rats: Relationship to Nitric Oxide Production and Inhibition of Aldose Reductase D. R. Tomlinson, M. Dewhurst, E. /. Stevens, N. Omawari, A. L. Carrington, P. A. Vo. 579 Diverging Evolution of Anti-GAD and Anti-IA-2 Antibodies in Long-standing Diabetes Mellitus as a Function of Age at Onset: No Association with Complications L. ITermitte, C. Atlan-Gepner, C. Mattei, D. Dufayet, M. F. lannot, M. A. Christofilis, S. Nervi, B. Vialettes. 586 Use of the Short-acting Insulin Analogue Lispro in Intensive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Importance of Appropriate Replacement of Basal Insulin and Time-interval Injection-meal P. Del Sindaco, M. Ciofetta, C. Lain, G. Perriello, S. Pampanelli, E. Torlone, P. Brunetti, C. B. Bolli. 592 Reducing Snacks When Switching from Conventional Soluble to Lispro Insulin Treatment: Effects on Glycaemic Control and Hypoglycaemia T. Ronnemaa, I. Viikari. 601 Long-term Administration of Theophylline and Glucose Recovery After Hypoglycaemia in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus A. Fividberg, A. Rosenfaick, N. /. Christensen, /. Flilsted. 608 Short Report Use of the Semmes-Weinstein 5.07/10 Gram Monofilament: the Long and the Short of it M. McGill, L. Molyneaux, D. K. Yue. 615 Book Reviews Measuring the Health Outcomes of Diabetes Care Reviewed by S. C. A. Eraser. 618 The Insulinotropic Gut Hormone Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Reviewed by D. F. C. hlopkins. 618 Letters Diabetes—What's in a Name? D. Kerr, D. A. Cavan, I. Everett. 619 Spouse's Worries Concerning Diabetic Partner's Possible Hypoglycaemia M. Stahl, W. Berger, H. Schaechinger, D. /. Cox. 619 Panhypopituitarism, Neurosensory Deafness and Noonan's Syndrome in a Child of a Diabetic Mother: Role of Maternal Hypoglycaemia during Pregnancy in Induction of Congenital Lesions C.-l- Tornhage, F. Lithner, U. I. Eriksson. 620 Diabetic Muscle Infarction: a Difficult Diagnosis Suggested by Magnetic Resonance Imaging F. Fleureux, j.-F. Nisolle, E. Delgrange, /. Donckier. 621 August 1998 Number 8 Diabetes Care . 628 DM Diary . 630 Guest Editorial Hormone Replacement Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Cardiovascular Perspective N. Sattar, A. C. MacCuish, A. }. laap. 631 Review Endothelial Integrity, Soluble Adhesion Molecules and Platelet Markers in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus A. D. Blann, G. Y. Id. Lip. 634 Special Articles British Diabetic Association Guidelines on Genetic and Immune Screening for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Professional Advisory Committee: L. Avery, D. Q. Borsey, S. A. Greene, 1. Gummerson, R. Fiayes, D. Kerr, M. E. I. Lean, S. M. Marshall, A. Mclnnes, M. Pierce, /. Roland, A. /. Sinclair, /. Tadman, A. Walton, P. Wiles. 643 Would R. D. Lawrence Have Been Interested in the Regulation of Insulin Secretion from Pancreatic B-Cells? P. M. /ones. 644 Original Articles Effect of Metformin on Bile Salt Circulation and Intestinal Motility in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus /. FI. B. Scarpello, E. Flodgson, H. C. S. Flowlett. 651 Long-term Effectiveness of a New a-Glucosidase Inhibitor (BAY m1099-Miglitol) in Insulin-treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus A. Mitrakou, N. Tountas, A. £. Raptis, R. /. Bauer, H. Schulz, S. A. Raptis. 657 1080 Dm VOLUME CONTENTS Relationship Between Circulating Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 and Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus M. Koga, M. Otsuki, M. Kubo, j. Hashimoto, S. Kasayama. 661 Reduction of Activity, but no Decrease in Concentration, of Erythrocyte Cu,Zn-superoxide Dismutase by Hyperglycaemia in Diabetic Patients M. Kotake, R. Shinohara, K. Kato, N. Hayakawa, R. Hayashi, K. Uchimura, M. Makino, M. Nagata, H. Kakizawa, H. Nakagawa, A. Nagasaka, M. Itoh. 668 Comparison of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Microalbuminuria in South Asians and Europeans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus H. M. Mather, N. Chaturvedi, A. M. Kehely. 672 Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Increases Urinary Albumin Excretion in Men with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Established Microalbuminuria N. Prasad, P. B. M. Clarkson, T. M. MacDonald, M. Ryan, A. D. Strothers, C. /. Thompson 678 Does Chronic Smoking Influence Fibrinolytic Potential in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus? A. I. Simpson, N. A. Booth, N. R. Moore, R. S. Cray. 683 Fetal Growth and Flyperinsulinaemia in Adult Life C N. Martyn, C. N. Hales, D. I. P. Barker and S. Jespersen. 688 Severe Ftypoglycaemia in Children and Adolescents During Multiple-dose Insulin Therapy S. Tupola, I. Rajantie, /. Maenpaa. 695 Technical Report An Automatic Device for the Assessment of Cardiovascular Autonomic Function P. I. Weston, C. Bush, T. johnson, K. Martin, H. Thurston. 700 Book Reviews Shared Care for Diabetes Reviewed by D. R. Meeking. 705 Costing Diabetes: The Case for Prevention Reviewed by /. /. Bending. 705 Letters Effect of Different Pharmacological Formulations of Gliclazide on Postprandial Ftyperglycaemia C. Bardini, E. Mannucci, C. M. Rotella. 706 Right Lateral Position Reduces Intra-individual Variation during Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests M. Sanaka, Y. Kuyama, M. Yamanaka. 706 Commercially Sponsored Supplements M. Hanefeld, T. Temelkova-Kurktschiev 707 Erratum . 709 September 1998 Number 9 Diabetes Care . 716 DM Diary . 718 Guest Editorial Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy in the 21st Century R. E. /. Ryder. 721 Review Autoimmunity in Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy: Does the Immune System Get On Your Nerves? N. T. Ejskjaer, M. M. Zanone, M. Peakman. 723 Original Articles Cow's Milk Consumption, Disease-Associated Autoantibodies and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a Follow-up Study in Siblings of Diabetic Children S. M. Virtanen, E. Hypponen, E. Laara, P. Vahasalo, P. Kulmala, K. Savola, L. Rasanen, A. Aro, M. Knip, H. K. Akerblom, and the Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group. 730 Effect of Pancreas Transplantation and Immunosuppression on Proinsulin Secretion E. Christiansen, M. Roder, A. Tibell, C. N. Hales, S. Madsbad. 739 Intramuscular versus Subcutaneous Injection of Soluble and Lispro Insulin: Comparison of Metabolic Effects in Healthy Subjects K. Rave, T Heise, C. Weyer, /. Herrnberger, R. Bender, S. Hirschberger, L. Heinemann. 747 Insulin Management and Metabolic Control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Childhood and Adolescence in 18 Countries H. B. Mortensen, K. /. Robertson, H.-l- Aanstoot, T. Danne, R. W. Holl, P. Hougaard, I. A. Atchison, F. Chiarelli, D. Daneman, B. Dinesen, H. Dorchy, P. Carandeau, S. Greene, H. Hoey, E. A. Kaprio, M. Kocova, P. MartuI, N. Matsuura, E. I. Schoenie, O. Sovik, P. G. F. Swift, R. M. Tsou, M. Vanelli, I. Aman, for the Hvidore Study Group on Childhood Diabetes. 752 Problem of Amputations in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus /. P. New, D. McDowell, E. Burns, R. /. Young. 760 Outcome on Diabetic Foot Complications in Relation to Clinical Examination and Quantitative Sensory Testing: a Case-control Study D. V. Coppini, P. I. Young, C. Weng, A. F. Macleod, P. H. Sonksen. 765 Troglitazone, an Insulin Action Enhancer, Improves Glycaemic Control and Insulin Sensitivity in Elderly Type 2 Diabetic Patients S. Kumar, A. Prange, I. Schulze, S. Lettis, A. H. Barnett. 772 Dm VOLUME CONTENTS Short Reports Survey of Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Services in England and Wales P. Bagga, D. Verma, C. Walton, E. A. Masson, D. A. Hepburn. 780 Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy: the Utility of Nonmydriatic Retinal Photography in Egyptian Adults A. D. Penman, /. B. Saaddine, M. Hegazy, E. S. Sous, M. A. AH, R. j. Brechner, W. H. Herman, M. M. Engelgau, R. Klein... 783 Case Report High Glucose Uptake by Adipocytes in a Type 1 Diabetic Patient with a Partial 'Honeymoon' Period F. Arrieta-Blanco, N. Pulido, A. Suarez, B. Casanova, F. Ramos, /. L Herrera-Pombo, A. Rovira. 788 International Scene Access to Diabetes Treatment in Northern Ethiopia 5. Alemu, V. /. Watkins, W. Dodds, I. 6. Turowska, P. I. Watkins. 791 Meeting Report 16th Anglo-Danish-Dutch Diabetes Group Meeting D. R. Meeking, O. Herlihy. 795 Book Review Advances of Diabetes Mellitus in East Asia Reviewed by D. /. McCarty. 796 Letters Antibodies to GAD in Diabetic Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C H. Ando, Y. Nagai, M. Yokoyama, T. Takamura, K. Kobayashi. 797 A Combined Treatment for Severe Diabetic Neuropathy Symptoms A. P. Worsley, I. Allawi. 797 Parental Hypertension and Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy R. Lindsay, I. A. Little, A. I. laap, P. L Padfield, I. D. Walker, K. /. Hardy. 798 October 1998 Number 10 DM Diary 804 Guest Editorial Diabetes and Female Sexuality J. M. Steel. 807 Review Diabetes Mellitus and Female Sexuality: a Review of 25 Years' Research P. Enziin, C. Mathieu, D. Vanderscbueren, K. Demyttenaere . 809 Rapid Publication A Low Renal Threshold for Glucose in Diabetic P jtients with a Mutation in the Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-la (HNF-1a) Gene R. Menzel, P. /. Kaisaki, 1. Rjasanowski, P. Heinke, W. Kerner, S. Menzel. 816 Original Articles Sildenafil: Study of a Novel Oral Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction in Diabetic Men D. E. Price, I. C. Cingell, S. Cepi-Attee, K. Wareham, P. Yates, M. Boolell 821 Clinical Characterization of Polymorphisms in the Sulphonylurea Receptor 1 Gene in Japanese Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus S. Ishiyama-Shigemoto, K. Yamada, X. Yuan, W. Koyama, K. Nonaka . 826 Five-year Mortality in Elderly French Subjects from the PAQUID Epidemiological Survey: the Burden of Diabetes /. Bourdel-Marchasson, B. Dubroca, A. Decamps, S. Richard-Harston, J.-P. Emeriau, l.-F. Dartigues. 830 Hypoglycaemic Symptoms Reported by Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and by Their Parents L. A. Ross, R. /. McCrimmon, B. M. Frier, C. I. H. Kelnar, 1. /. Deary. 836 Parameters Associated with Residual Insulin Secretion During the First Year of Disease in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus R. Bonfanti, E. Bazzigaluppi, G. Calori, M. C. Riva, M. Viscardi, E. Bognetti, F. Meschi, E. Bosi, C. Chiumello, E. Bonifacio . 844 Determinants of Carotid Artery Wall Thickening in Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus D. Frost, W. Beischer. 851 Serious Hand Sepsis and Diabetes Mellitus: Specific Tropical Syndrome with Western Counterparts C. V. CHI, O. O. Famuyiwa, M. Rolfe, L. K. Archibald. 858 Unchanged Incidence of Severe Retinopathy in a Population of Type 1 Diabetic Patients with Marked Reduction of Nephropathy M. Bojestig, H. I. Arnqvist, B. E. Karlberg, j. Ludvigsson. 863 Gemfibrozil Treatment Increases Low-density Lipoprotein Particle Size in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus but Does Not Alter in vitro Oxidizability D. N. O'Neal, R. C. O'Brien, K. L. Timmins, C. D. Grieve, K.-P. Lau, G. C. Nicholson, M. A. Kotowicz, I. D. Best. 870 Clinical Practice Beyond Retinal Screening: Digital Imaging in the Assessment and Follow-up of Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy D. Kerr, D. A. Cavan, B. Jennings, C. Dunnington, D. Gold, M. Crick. 878 Evaluation of the Micral-Test (Ifi S, a Qualitative Immunologic Patient Self-test for Microalbuminuria: the PROSIT Project W. Piehimeier, R. Renner, T. Kimmerling, W. Schramm, S. Garbe, R. Proetzsch, I. Fahn, K. Piwernetz, R. Landgraf. 883 Dm_VOLUME CONTENTS November 1998 Number 11 Diabetes Care . 892 DM Diary . 894 Guest Editorials UKPDS: a Message of Hope and a Need for Change P. /. Watkins. 895 Sildenafil: a Revolutionary Therapy? S. M. Marshall. 897 Review Promotion, Prediction and Prevention of Progression of Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus P. Rossing. 900 Original Articles Are European standard Deviation Targets for Haemoglobin Too Strict? E. S. Kilpatrick W. S. Kilpatrick M. H. Dominiczak, M. Small . 920 Is the Short Insulin Tolerance Test Safe and Reproducible? C-C Chen, T.-Y. Wang, S.-V. Hsu, R.-H. Chen, C.-T. Chang, S.-l. Chen . 924 Novel Hepatoselective Insulin Analogues: Studies with Covalently Linked Thyroxyl-insulin Complexes F. Shojaee-Moradie, H. Eckey, N. C lackson, A. Schuttler, D. Brandenburg, P. H. Sonksen, R. H. Jones. 928 Normalization of Fasting Clycaemia by Intravenous GLP-1 ([7-36 Amide] or [7-37]) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients M. A. Nauck, I. Weber, I. Bach, S. Richter, C. Qrskov, j. j. Holst, W. Schmiegel . 937 Does Mitochondrial Genome Mutation in Subjects with Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness Decrease Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy? D. /. Holmes-Walker, P. Mitchell, S. C Boyages. 946 Fibrinolytic Measurements in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction M. W. Mansfield, A. j. Catto, A. M. Carter, P. J. Grant . 953 Personal Barriers to Diabetes Care: Lessons from a Multi-ethnic Community in New Zealand D. Simmons, T. Weblemoe, J. Voyle, A. Prichard, L. Leakehe, B. Gatland. 958 Cutis/Subcutis Thickness at Insulin Injection Sites and Localization of Simulated Insulin Boluses in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Need for Individualization of Injection Technique? N. H. Birkebaek, A. Johansen, J. Solvig . 965 Effects of Different Glycaemic Index Foods and Dietary Fibre Intake on Glycaemic Control in Type 1 Diabetic Patients on Intensive Insulin Therapy L. Lafrance, R. Rabasa-Lhoret, D. Poisson, F. Ducros, J.-L Cbiasson .. 972 Book Review International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus Reviewed by P. J. Watkins. 979 Letters Managing the Diabetic Patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction R. A. Fisken 980 Managing the Diabetic Patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction: Author's Reply J. S. Yudkin . 980 The Elusive Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes N. W. Oakley . 980 December 1998 Number 12 Diabetes Care . 988 DM Diary . 989 Original Articles Spontaneous Hypoglycaemia After Pancreas Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus A. Battezzati, D. Bonfatti, S. Benedini, G. Calori, R. Caldara, V. Mazzaferro, A. Fill, A. Secchi, V. Di Carlo, C. Pozza, L. Luzi . 991 Adding Metformin Versus Insulin Dose Increase in Insulin-treated but Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: an Open-label Randomized Trial F. Relimpio, A. Pumar, F. Losada, M. A. Mangas, D. Acosta, R. Astorga. 997 Reduced Adipocyte Insulin Sensitivity in Caucasian and Asian Subjects with Coronary Heart Disease C. S. Frost, B. F. Keogh, D. Smith, A. R. Leeds, A. Dornhcrst . 1003 Long-term Glycaemic Control Directly Correlates with Glomerular Filtration Rate in Early Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Before the Onset of Microalbuminuria C P. R. Soper, J. L. Barron, S. L. Hyer . 1010 Evidence of an Increasing Prevalence of Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in the Poole Area From 1983 to 1996 W. Gatling, S. Budd, D. Walters, M. A. Mullee, J. R. Goddard, R. D. Hill . 1015 Rapid Gastric Emptying of a Liquid Meal in Long-term Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus C Weytjens, B. Keyneulen, C. Van Haleweyn, C. Somers, A. Bossuyt 1022 1083 / Dm VOLUME CONTENTS Short Reports Withholding Thrombolysis in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Acute Myocardial Infarction K. Shotliff, R. Kaushal, D. Dove, S. S. Nussey. 1028 Apolipoprotein E Genotype is a Determinant of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and of its Response to a Low-cholesterol Diet in Type 1 Diabetic Patients with Elevated Urinary Albumin Excretion E. £. Blaauwwiekel, B. J. Beusekamp, W. /. Sluiter, K. Hoogenberg, R. P. F. Dullaart . 1031 Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Teenage Pregnancy: a Case-control Study T. T. Lao, L F. Ho, K. L Liu . 1036 No Deterioration in Insulin Sensitivity but Impairment of both Pancreatic P-cell Function and Glucose Sensitivity, in )apanese Women with Former Gestational Diabetes Mellitus H. Sakamaki, H. Yamasaki, K. Matsumoto, K. Izumino, H. Kondo, Y. Sera, M. Ozaki, T. Abe, E. Kawasaki, H. Takino, V. Yamaguchi, K. Eguchi . 1039 International Scene Diabetes Mellitus in Egypt: Glycaemic Control and Microvascular and Neuropathic Complications W. H. Herman, R. E. Aubert, M. M. Engelgau, T. /. Thompson, M. A. AH, E. S. Sous, M. Hagazy, A. Badran, S. /. Kenny, E. W. Gunter, A. M. Malarcher, R. /. Brechner, S. F. Wetterhall, F. DeStefano, P. I. Smith, M. Habib, S. abd el Shakour, A. S. Ibrahim, el Moneim el Behairy 1045 Glucose Intolerance and Associated Factors in the Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan H. King, B. Abdullaev, S. Djumaeva, V. Nikitin, L. Ashworth, M. Cade Dobo .. 1052 Case Reports Resolution of Lipohypertrophy Following Change of Short-acting Insulin to Insulin Lispro (Humalog") N. A. Roper, R. W. Bilous. 1063 A Case of Diabetic Muscle Infarction in Japan M. Taira, 1. Komiya, T. Taira, T. Arakawa, S. Hokama, Y. Nagasawa, N. Takasu . 1065 Author Index . 1068 Keyword Index . 1071 Volume Contents . 1075 April 1998 SuppI 1 Abstracts of scientific papers and posters presented at the British Diabetic Association's Medical and Scientific Section Spring Meeting (25-27 March 1998) held at the Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh November 1998 SuppI 2 Abstracts of papers and posters presented at the British Diabetic Association's Medical and Scientific Section Autumn Meeting and Education and Care Section Annual Meeting (7-9 October 1998) held at the Harrogate International Centre November 1998 SuppI 3 Preface The Care of Diabetes K. C. M. M. Alberti, D. P. Gray . S3 Conference Report Primary Care Diabetes Conference, 1997: Delivering Sensitive Diabetes Care M. S. Hall . S5 Editorials A Primary-care-led Diabetes Service: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats 7. Greenhaigh . S7 Contributing to Improved Health through New Knowledge: Primary Care Teams and the Unanswered Questions A.-L. Kinmonth. SIO