DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF AGGRESSION This page intentionally left blank DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF AGGRESSION Edited by RICHARD E. TREMBLAY WILLARD W. HARTUP JOHN ARCHER THE GUILFORD PRESS New York London © 2005 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc. 72 Spring Street, New York, NY 10012 www.guilford.com All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher. Printed in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. Last digit is print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Developmental origins of aggression / edited by Richard E. Tremblay, Willard W. Hartup, John Archer. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-59385-110-3 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Aggressiveness. 2. Aggressiveness—Longitudinal studies. 3. Child psychology. I. Tremblay, Richard Ernest. II. Hartup, Willard W. III. Archer, John, 1944– BF575.A3D45 2005 155.2′32—dc22 2004025158 In memory of Joan McCord (1930–2004), colleague, role model, and friend (lefttoright):RichardE.Tremblay,JoanMcCord,WillardW.Hartup,andJohnArcher. This page intentionally left blank AAbboouutt tthhee EEddiittoorrss About the Editors RichardE.Tremblay,PhD,isProfessorofPediatrics,Psychiatry,andPsychology at the University of Montreal and Director of the Inter-University Research Unit on Children’s Psychosocial Maladjustment. He is also Director of the Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development, Canada Research Chair in Child Development, Molson Fellow of the Canadian Institute for AdvancedResearch,FellowoftheAcademyofExperimentalCriminology,and FellowoftheRoyalSocietyofCanada.Forover20years,hehasconducteda program of longitudinal and experimental studies addressing the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development of children from conception onwardtounderstandthedevelopmentandpreventionofantisocialbehavior. Willard W. Hartup, EdD, is Regents’ Professor Emeritus and former Director of the Institute of Child Development at the University of Minnesota. Dr. Hartuphasspentmanyyearsresearchingfriendshipandpeerrelationsinchild development,antipathiesandtheirsignificance,andconflictandaggressionin childhood and adolescence. He obtained an EdD degree from Harvard Uni- versity, and has received the G. Stanley Hall Award for Distinguished ContributionstoDevelopmentalPsychologyfromtheAmericanPsychological Association and Distinguished Scientific Contribution Awards from both the Society for Research in Child Development and the International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development. John Archer, PhD, is Professor of Psychology at the University of Central Lancashire,Preston,UnitedKingdom.HereceivedaPhDfromtheUniversity ofBristolin1970.AFellowoftheBritishPsychologicalSocietyandPresident of the International Society for Research on Aggression, his research is con- cerned with human aggression, grief and loss, and sex differences. Dr. Archer isalsoauthorofseveralbooks,includingSexandGender(withBarbaraLloyd) and The Nature of Grief; numerous book chapters; and over 100 articles in refereed journals covering psychology, medicine, and biology. In recent years, hehaspublishedanumberofmeta-analyticreviewsontopicsconnectedwith sex differences in aggression. vii This page intentionally left blank CCoonnttrriibbuuttoorrss Contributors John Archer, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom Chawki Benkelfat, MD, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Michel Boivin, PhD, Research Unit on Children’s Psychosocial Maladjustment, School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada Mara Brendgen, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Sylvana Côté, PhD, School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Ginette Dionne, PhD, School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada Joseph L. Flanders, BSc, Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Afra Foroud, MSc, Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada Uberto Gatti, MD, Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Paul L. Gendreau, PhD, School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Willard W. Hartup, EdD, Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Dale F. Hay, PhD, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom ix