DevelopmentaDl isabilities: A Handbook for OccupationalT herapists Developmental Disabilities: A Handbook for Occupational Therapists JerI)' A. Johnson Editor David A. Ethridge Co-Editor I ~ ~~~&t! r;~g~ p New YOIIe London DevelopmentaDl i..sabilities: A Handbookf or OceupatiQtla{T herapistsh as also been publisheda s OccupationalT herapyi n Health Can, Volume 6, Numbers2 /3 1989. CI 1989 by The Haworth Press, fne. All rights reserved.N o part of this work may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,e lectronic or mechanical,i ncluding photocopying, microfilm and reoording, or by any information storagea nd tetrieval system. without permission in writing from the publisher. First publishedb y The Haworth Prc$.S, Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton,N Y 13904-1580 EUROSPAN!Haworth,3 Henriella Street, London WC2E 8lU England This edition published2 012 by Routledge Routledge Routledge Taylor & Francis Group Taylor & FrancisG roup 711 Third Avenue 2 Park Square.M ilton Park New York, NY 10017 Abingdon. axon OXI4 4RN Ubrary of Cong~s5 Calaloglng·ln-PubltcatlonD ata Developmentald isabilities: a handbookf or occupational therapists'J erry A. Johnson, editor: David A. Ethridge, ro-cditor. p. em. Has also been publisheda s : Occupationalt herapy in heahh care, v. 6, no. 113. Includes bibliographical reference.s ISBN 0-86656-959-6 I. Developmentallyd isabled- Rehabilitation. 2. Occupationatl herapy. I. Johnson,J erry A. U. Ethridge, David A. (DNlM: I. Autism-rehabilitation.2 . CerebralP alsy-rehabilitation. 3. Epilepsy- rehabilitation. 4. Mental Retatdation-rchabilitation.5 . Occupaitonal Therapy, WI OC6OIH RC570.2.D48 1989 616.8-ddO DNLM/DLC for Library of Congress 89-20012 elP Developmental Disabilities: A Handbook for Occupational Therapists CONTENTS FROM THE EDITOR 1 FROM THE CO-EDITOR 3 Frames of Reference: Guiding Treatment for Children with Autism 5 MaryAnn L. Bloomer Catherine C. Rose Introduction 6 Ordering ConceptualI nformation 6 Choosinga Frame of Reference 7 Literature Review of Autism 10 Review of the OccupationalT herapy Literature 14 CaseS tudy Example 16 Establishinga TherapeuticE nvironmentf or Children with Autism 17 Need for TheoreticalR esearchw ith the Autistic Population 23 Going to the Source: The Use of Qualitative Methodology in a Study of the Needs of Adults with Cerebral Palsy 27 Alice Kibele Lela A. Llorens Description of the Study 28 Developmento f the Interview Guideline 31 Data Collection 32 Data Analysis 33 Discussiono f Data 34 Conclusion 36 OccupationalT herapya nd Epilepsy 41 Carol Maier Clerico Introduction 41 Descriptiono f Epilepsy and SeizureT ypes 42 Medical/SurgicalM anagemenot f Seizures 53 The Role of the OccupationalT herapist 55 Conclusion 73 Early Intervention: New Directions for Occupational Therapists 75 RoseannC . Schaaf Laura N. Gitlin Introduction 75 The Need for Early IntelVention 77 PersonnelN eedsi n the Early IntelVention Setting 79 An IntelVention Approach for OccupationalT herapists 82 Conclusion 85 OccupationalT herapyi n a Regional Comprehensive ServiceS ystem 91 David A. Ethridge Peter Dimmer Beverly Harrison DeniseD avis OvelView of OakdaleR egional Center 92 ResidentialF acility SelVices 94 Community Living SelVices 101 Conclusion 103 On the Formative Stages of the Adult Screening Questionnaire: A Managerial Approach for Screening Adult Developmentally Disabled Clients 107 Sharon Lefkofsky Tamara E. Avi-Itzhak Introduction 108 Background and Need 109 The Instrument and Instrumentation 115 Reliability Tests 119 Conclusion 127 Intervention Strategies for Promoting Feeding Skills in Infants with Sensory Deficits 129 Jane Case-Smith Introduction 129 Oral Sensory Mechanisms 130 Feeding Problems in Children with Sensory Deficits 132 InteIVention with a Sensory Involved Child 134 Conclusion 140 Clinical Management of Dysphagia in the Developmentally Disabled Adult 143 Margaret Stratton Assessment 144 Treatment 147 Conclusion 151 Development and Implementation of a Dysphagia Program in a Mental Retardation Residential Facility 153 Carol A. Lust Diane E. Fleetwood Elizabeth L. Motteler Introduction 154 Phase I: Identify and Train the Swallowing Team 155 Phase II: Form Development and Staff In-seIVice Training 157 Phase III: Bedside Evaluation and ObseIVation 158 PhaseI V: VideofluoroscopicE xamination 161 PhaseV : TherapeuticI mplementation 165 Conclusion 167 Pre-Vocational Programming in a Pediatric Skilled Care Facility 173 JeanneE . Lewin Introduction 173 Setting and Population 174 ProgramR ationale 174 ProgramO bjective 177 ProgramM ethodologya nd Strategies 177 ProgramC ritique/Results 183 Conclusion 187 Developmental Growth in "ACTION": A Pilot Program for the Adult Retarded 189 Jane T. Henick Helen E. Lowe Background 189 Program 190 AWro~ 1~ Results 193 Discussion 193 Implications for OccupationalT herapy 194 Options: An Occupational Therapy Transition Program for Adolescentsw ith Developmental Disabilities 197 JeanneJ ackson Allyn Rankin Sue Siefken Florence Clark Introduction 198 Frameo f Reference 199 The Options Program 203 Assessment 205 The Curriculum 207 Conclusion 212 Grip Strength and Dexterity in Adults with Developmental Delays 215 Carol S. Transon Christine K. Nitschke JamesJ . McPherson SandiJ . Spaulding Gail A. Rukamp Lisa M. Anderson Patricia Hecht Introduction 216 Methodology 216 Results 218 Discussion 221 Occupational Therapy in Operation Outreach: Community Based Approach to Adapted Positioning Equipment 227 Janet D. Stout Judy Atkins Carolyn Hamann Historical Overview 228 The Indiana University Experience 229 Mobile PositioningL aboratory 230 CaseS tudies 234 Conclusion 235 The Importance of Program Evaluation: Introduction to the Evaluation of a Community Program for Developmentally Disabled Adults 237 Julie Shaperman An Exchange of Services Program for Adults with Developmental Disabilities: How Effective Was It? 241 Julie Shaperman Charles E. Lewis Introduction 241 Evaluation Design and Methodology 243 Results 247 Discussion 253 Conclusion 255 BOOK REVIEWS Integration of DevelopmentallyD isabled Individuals into the Community,e dited by Laird W. Heal, Janell I. Hany, Angela Novak Amado 257 Reviewedb y Jane T. Herrick Living Skills for Mentally HandicappedP eople, by Christine Peck and Chia Swee Hong 259 Reviewedb y Helen E. Lowe The Cognitive Rehabilitation Workbook: A Systematic Approacht o Improving IndependenLt iving Skills in Brain Injured Adults, by PamelaM . Dougherty and Mary Vining Radomski 260 Reviewedb y AnneB . Blakeney Brain Injury Rehabilitation: A NeurobehavioraAl pproach, by RodgerL . Wood 262 Reviewedb y Judith Dicker Splinting the Burn Patient, by Carol Walters 264 Reviewedb y Cynthia Burt Introduction to Research:A Guide for the Health Science Professional,b y Carol K. Oyster, William P. Hanten, and Lela A. Llorens 265 Reviewedb y Elizabeth DePoy Spinal Cord Injury: A Guide to Functional Outcomes in OccupationalT herapy, by S. Intagliata 267 Reviewedb y Mary W. McKenzie