Aaron Marcus (Ed.) Design, User Experience, 8 8 and Usability 1 9 S C N Interactive Experience Design L 4th International Conference, DUXU 2015 Held as Part of HCI International 2015 Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2–7, 2015, Proceedings, Part III HCI 2015 International 123 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9188 Commenced Publication in 1973 Founding and Former Series Editors: Gerhard Goos, Juris Hartmanis, and Jan van Leeuwen Editorial Board David Hutchison Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany Demetri Terzopoulos University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Gerhard Weikum Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbrücken, Germany More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7409 Aaron Marcus (Ed.) Design, User Experience, and Usability Interactive Experience Design 4th International Conference, DUXU 2015 Held as Part of HCI International 2015 – Los Angeles, CA, USA, August 2 7, 2015 Proceedings, Part III 123 Editor Aaron Marcus Aaron Marcus andAssociates Berkeley, CA USA ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic) Lecture Notesin Computer Science ISBN 978-3-319-20888-6 ISBN978-3-319-20889-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-20889-3 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015942472 LNCSSublibrary:SL3–InformationSystemsandApplications,incl.Internet/Web,andHCI SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon ©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynow knownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbookare believedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsortheeditors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerInternationalPublishingAGSwitzerlandispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia (www.springer.com) Foreword The17thInternationalConferenceonHuman-ComputerInteraction,HCIInternational 2015, was held in Los Angeles, CA, USA, during 2–7 August 2015. The event incorporated the 15 conferences/thematic areas listed on the following page. A total of 4843 individuals from academia, research institutes, industry, and gov- ernmental agencies from 73 countries submitted contributions, and 1462 papers and 246 posters have been included in the proceedings. These papers address the latest researchanddevelopmenteffortsandhighlightthehumanaspectsofdesignanduseof computing systems. The papers thoroughly cover the entire field of Human-Computer Interaction,addressingmajoradvancesinknowledgeandeffectiveuseofcomputersin a variety of application areas. The volumes constituting the full 28-volume set of the conference proceedings are listed on pages VII and VIII. I would like to thank the Program Board Chairs and the members of the Program Boards of all thematic areas and affiliated conferences for their contribution to the highest scientific quality and the overall success of the HCI International 2015 conference. This conference could not have been possible without the continuous and unwa- vering support and advice of the founder, Conference General Chair Emeritus and Conference Scientific Advisor, Prof. Gavriel Salvendy. For their outstanding efforts, I would like to express my appreciation to the Communications Chair and Editor of HCI International News, Dr. Abbas Moallem, and the Student Volunteer Chair, Prof. Kim-Phuong L. Vu. Finally, for their dedicated contribution towards the smooth organization of HCI International 2015, I would like to express my gratitude to Maria Pitsoulaki and George Paparoulis, General Chair Assistants. May 2015 Constantine Stephanidis General Chair, HCI International 2015 HCI International 2015 Thematic Areas and Affiliated Conferences Thematic areas: (cid:129) Human-Computer Interaction (HCI 2015) (cid:129) Human Interface and the Management of Information (HIMI 2015) Affiliated conferences: (cid:129) 12th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergo- nomics (EPCE 2015) (cid:129) 9th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction (UAHCI 2015) (cid:129) 7th International Conference on Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality (VAMR 2015) (cid:129) 7th International Conference on Cross-Cultural Design (CCD 2015) (cid:129) 7thInternationalConferenceonSocialComputingandSocialMedia(SCSM2015) (cid:129) 9th International Conference on Augmented Cognition (AC 2015) (cid:129) 6th International Conference on Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety, Ergonomics and Risk Management (DHM 2015) (cid:129) 4th International Conference on Design, User Experience and Usability (DUXU 2015) (cid:129) 3rd International Conference on Distributed, Ambient and Pervasive Interactions (DAPI 2015) (cid:129) 3rd International Conference on Human Aspects of Information Security, Privacy and Trust (HAS 2015) (cid:129) 2nd International Conference on HCI in Business (HCIB 2015) (cid:129) 2nd International Conference on Learning and Collaboration Technologies (LCT 2015) (cid:129) 1st International Conference on Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population (ITAP 2015) Conference Proceedings Volumes Full List 1. LNCS 9169, Human-Computer Interaction: Designand Evaluation (Part I), edited by Masaaki Kurosu 2. LNCS 9170, Human-Computer Interaction: Interaction Technologies (Part II), edited by Masaaki Kurosu 3. LNCS9171,Human-ComputerInteraction:UsersandContexts(PartIII),editedby Masaaki Kurosu 4. LNCS 9172, Human Interface and the Management of Information: Information and Knowledge Design (Part I), edited by Sakae Yamamoto 5. LNCS 9173, Human Interface and the Management of Information: Information and Knowledge in Context (Part II), edited by Sakae Yamamoto 6. LNAI 9174, Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, edited by Don Harris 7. LNCS9175,UniversalAccessinHuman-ComputerInteraction:AccesstoToday’s Technologies (Part I), edited by Margherita Antona and Constantine Stephanidis 8. LNCS 9176, Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction: Access to Inter- action (Part II), edited by Margherita Antona and Constantine Stephanidis 9. LNCS 9177, Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction: Access to Learning, Health and Well-Being (Part III), edited by Margherita Antona and Constantine Stephanidis 10. LNCS 9178, Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction: Access to the Human Environment and Culture (Part IV), edited by Margherita Antona and Constantine Stephanidis 11. LNCS9179,Virtual,AugmentedandMixedReality,editedbyRandallShumaker and Stephanie Lackey 12. LNCS 9180, Cross-CulturalDesign: Methods, Practice and Impact (Part I), edited by P.L. Patrick Rau 13. LNCS 9181, Cross-Cultural Design: Applications in Mobile Interaction, Educa- tion, Health, Transport and Cultural Heritage (Part II), edited by P.L. Patrick Rau 14. LNCS 9182, Social Computing and Social Media, edited by Gabriele Meiselwitz 15. LNAI9183,FoundationsofAugmentedCognition,editedbyDylanD.Schmorrow and Cali M. Fidopiastis 16. LNCS 9184, Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety, Ergo- nomics and Risk Management: Human Modeling (Part I), edited by Vincent G. Duffy 17. LNCS 9185, Digital Human Modeling and Applications in Health, Safety, Ergo- nomics and Risk Management: Ergonomics and Health (Part II), edited by Vincent G. Duffy 18. LNCS 9186, Design, User Experience, and Usability: Design Discourse (Part I), edited by Aaron Marcus 19. LNCS 9187, Design, User Experience, and Usability: Usersand Interactions(Part II), edited by Aaron Marcus 20. LNCS 9188, Design, User Experience, and Usability: Interactive Experience Design (Part III), edited by Aaron Marcus Conference ProceedingsVolumes Full List IX 21. LNCS 9189, Distributed, Ambient and Pervasive Interactions, edited by Norbert Streitz and Panos Markopoulos 22. LNCS9190,HumanAspectsofInformationSecurity,PrivacyandTrust,editedby Theo Tryfonas and Ioannis Askoxylakis 23. LNCS9191,HCIinBusiness,editedbyFionaFui-HoonNahandChuan-HooTan 24. LNCS 9192, Learning and Collaboration Technologies, edited by Panayiotis Zaphiris and Andri Ioannou 25. LNCS 9193, Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population: Design for Aging (Part I), edited by Jia Zhou and Gavriel Salvendy 26. LNCS 9194,HumanAspects ofIT for theAged Population: Designfor Everyday Life (Part II), edited by Jia Zhou and Gavriel Salvendy 27. CCIS 528, HCI International 2015 Posters’ Extended Abstracts (Part I), edited by Constantine Stephanidis 28. CCIS529,HCIInternational2015Posters’ExtendedAbstracts(PartII),editedby Constantine Stephanidis Design, User Experience and Usability Program Board Chair: Aaron Marcus, USA (cid:129) Sisira Adikari, Australia (cid:129) Brigitte Herrmann, Germany (cid:129) Claire Ancient, UK (cid:129) Steffen Hess, Germany (cid:129) Randolph G. Bias, USA (cid:129) Nouf Khashman, Canada (cid:129) Jamie Blustein, Canada (cid:129) Francisco Rebelo, Portugal (cid:129) Jan Brejcha, Czech Republic (cid:129) Kerem Rızvanoğlu, Turkey (cid:129) Marc Fabri, UK (cid:129) Javed Anjum Sheikh, Pakistan (cid:129) Patricia Flanagan, Hong Kong (cid:129) Marcelo Soares, Brazil (cid:129) Emilie Gould, USA (cid:129) Carla G. Spinillo, Brazil (cid:129) Luciane Maria Fadel, Brazil (cid:129) Katia Canepa Vega, Brazil ThefulllistwiththeProgramBoardChairsandthemembersoftheProgramBoardsof all thematic areas and affiliated conferences is available online at: http://www.hci.international/2015/