Károly Jármai · József Farkas Editors Design, Fabrication and Economy of Metal Structures International Conference Proceedings 2013, Miskolc, Hungary, April 24–26, 2013 Design, Fabrication and Economy of Metal Structures Károly Jármai and József Farkas (Eds.) Design, Fabrication and Economy of Metal Structures International Conference Proceedings 2013, Miskolc, Hungary, April 24–26, 2013 ABC Editors Dr.KárolyJármai Dr.JózsefFarkas ProfessorofStructuralEngineering ProfessorEmeritusofMetalStructures UniversityofMiskolc UniversityofMiskolc Miskolc Miskolc Hungary Hungary ISBN978-3-642-36690-1 ISBN978-3-642-36691-8 (eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-642-36691-8 SpringerHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013932092 (cid:2)c Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2013 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broad- casting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformationstorage andretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknown orhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnectionwithreviews orscholarly analysis ormaterial suppliedspecifically forthepurposeofbeingentered andexecuted ona computersystem,forexclusive usebythepurchaser ofthework.Duplication ofthis publication orparts thereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheCopyrightLawofthePublisher’slocation,initscur- rentversion,andpermissionforusemustalways beobtained fromSpringer. 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Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface Load-carrying engineering structures play an important role in modern indus- try.Buildings,bridges,vehicles,cranes,ships,offshorestructures,storagetanks, pipelines, sport stadiums need competitive structural versions. The main requirementsfor these structures are safety,manufacturability and economy. Safety against different loads such as permanent and variable ac- tions, earthquake, fire is guaranteed by design constraints on stresses, defor- mations, stability, fatigue, while manufacturability is considered by fabrication constraints. Economy is achieved by minimization of a cost function. Alltheseaspectsarethebasesofastructuraloptimizationsystem,whichmin- imizesthe costfunctionusingeffectivemathematicmethodstakingintoaccount the design and fabrication constraints. This is our fifth international conference of structural design and the third conference on the field of design, fabrication and economy (DFE), which shows that DFE covers all the main problems of engineering structures and can be an effective means to show the international developments in this field. It is a great pleasure to organize this international conference, to give par- ticipants opportunity to show and discuss the new researchresults in a friendly atmosphere. The organizers wish all participants successful days to collect new ideas and get new acquaintances. Ka´roly Ja´rmai,Editor-in-Chief Jo´zsef Farkas, Assistant Editor University of Miskolc, April, 2013 Acknowledgement (cid:129) The editors would like to acknowledge the co-operation and help of the fol- lowing organizations (cid:129) International Institute of Welding (IIW), (cid:129) International Society of Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization (ISSMO), (cid:129) Hungarian Academy of Science (MTA), (cid:129) Hungarian Steel Association (MAGESZ), (cid:129) WeldingdivisionoftheScientificSocietyofMechanicalEngineersinHungary (GTE), (cid:129) Foundation for the Structural Optimization at the University of Miskolc, (cid:129) Hungarian Scientific Research Fund OTKA T 75678 project (cid:129) TA´MOP 4.2.1.B-10/2/KONV-2010-0001 entitled “Increasing the quality of higher education through the development of research- development and in- novation program at the University of Miskolc supported by the European Union, co-financed by the European Social Fund.” and last but not least the University of Miskolc, Hungary, which hosts the conference. The editors would like to acknowledge the help of the following persons: L´aszl´o Kota, research fellow, Gy¨orgy Kova´cs,associate professor, Zolt´an Vira´g, associate professor. Ka´roly Ja´rmai, Editor-in-Chief Jo´zsef Farkas, Assistant Editor University of Miskolc, April, 2013 Contents Section 1: Structural Optimization Minimum Volume and Cost Design of a Welded Square Cellular Plate with Welded T-Stiffeners ........................ 3 J´ozsef Farkas Feature-Based Cost and CO2 Equivalent Optimization of Semi-rigid Steel Frames ...................................... 11 Jaakko Haapio, Timo Jokinen, Markku Heinisuo, Mauri Laasonen Optimization of the Cross-Section of a Beam Subjected to Bending Load................................................ 17 Olli-Pekka H¨am¨al¨ainen, Timo Bj¨ork Tubular Truss Optimization with Eccentric Joint Modelling .... 23 Markku Heinisuo, Karol Bzdawka Minimum Cost Design of a Rectangular Box Column Composed from Cellular Plates with Welded T-Stiffeners....... 29 Ka´roly Ja´rmai, Jo´zsef Farkas Optimal Design of Inelastic Cylindrical Shells with Elastic Supports ....................................................... 37 Jaan Lellep, Annika Paltsepp Optimization of Elastic Plastic Plates Made of Homogeneous and Composite Materials ....................................... 43 Jaan Lellep, Boriss Vlassov On Member Buckling in Truss Topology Optimization .......... 49 Kristo Mela X Contents Design and Optimization of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Housing to Standards........................................... 55 H.D. Morgan, S.A. Rolland, J. Sienz, A.J. Gil, D.C. Bould, R. Ellis Optimum Design of Steel Built-Up Compression Members...... 63 Ferenc Orba´n, J´ozsef Farkas Reliability-Based Optimum Design of a Square Box Column Constructed from Cellular Plates ............................... 69 Luis M.C. Simo˜es, Jo´zsef Farkas, Ka´roly Ja´rmai Optimization of a Welded Main Frame of Freight Bogies Considering the EN 13749 Standard ............................ 77 Imre Tima´r, Tama´s Kulcs´ar Optimum Design of Transportation Tube Elements ............. 85 Z. Vira´g, Ka´roly Ja´rmai Hierarchical Product Design Optimization Strategies Incorporating Cost Evaluations ................................. 91 Masataka Yoshimura Optimization of a Locomotive Fuel Tank........................ 97 A. Karkhaneh Yousefi, H. Nahvi Parametric OptimizationofSteelTrusswithHollowStructural Members Based on Update Gradient Method................... 103 Vitalina Yurchenko, Ivan Peleshko, Nikita Beliaev Section 2: Thin-Walled Structures Resistance of Compressed Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Members with Regard to the Influence of Initial Imperfections................................................... 113 Mohamad Al Ali, Michal Tomko, Ivo Demjan Solution of Torsion Locally Stiffened Continuous I-members Using Mathematica Package .................................... 121 Bronisl(cid:2)aw Gosowski, Micha(cid:2)l Redecki Numerical Simulation of Large-Displacement Behaviour of Thin-Walled Frames Incorporating Joint Action.............. 127 Goran Turkalj, Stojan Kravanja, Edin Merdanovi´c Flexural Behaviour of Cold-Formed Steel Beams................ 133 Lu´ıs La´ım, Joa˜o Paulo C. Rodrigues, Lu´ıs S. Silva Contents XI Vibration Mode Decomposition from Finite Element Analysis of Axially Compressed Thin-Walled Members .................. 139 Mihai Nedelcu, Nicolae Chira, Hortensiu L. Cucu The Breathing Phenomenon in Thin-Walled Steel Girders - Experimental Investigation and Impact on Design .............. 145 Miroslav Sˇkaloud, Marie Z¨ornerova´, Shota Urushadze Influence of Restrained Torsion on the Bearing Capacity of I-Beam....................................................... 151 Alexander Tusnin Design of Thin-Walled Z-Purlin Connections with Sandwich Panels in Roofs Made by Rivets ................................ 157 Olga Tusnina Strength and Durability of Thin-Walled Cross-Sections ......... 165 Nikolay I. Vatin, Alexey S. Sinelnikov Efficiency of Corrugated Sheets in Resisting Membrane Forces .......................................................... 171 M. Youssef, A.M. Sanad, A. Salem, A.H. Badawy Section 3: Stability Generalization of the Ayrton-Perry Formula Based Method for Lateral-Torsional Buckling of Members...................... 181 Bettina Badari, Ferenc Papp Cyclic Buckling Analysis of Steel Plate Elements ............... 187 Viktor Budaha´zy, La´szlo´ Dunai Steel Members with Variable I Cross Sections under Bending and Compression with Lateral Restraints - Behavior by Experimental Test .............................................. 193 Ionel M. Cristutiu, Daniel L. Nunes, Adrian I. Dogariu Snap-through Phenomenon of Imperfect Steel Structures ....... 199 Marcin Chybin´ski, Andrzej Garstecki, Katarzyna Rzeszut Wavy Corrugated Web Stiffness Influence on Plate Girders Flange Local Stability .......................................... 205 Krzysztof Ryszard Kuchta Structural Appraisal of Two Steel Tanks Filled at Low Liquid Level ........................................................... 211 Chrysanthos Maraveas, Konstantinos Miamis XII Contents Experiments of Corroded Angle-Section Compressive Members with Bolted Connections ............................. 217 Katalin Oszvald, La´szlo´ Dunai Buckling Strength of Lipped Channel Column Considering Local, Distortional and Global Eigenmode Imperfections........ 223 Zolt´an Sadovsk´y, Jozef Kriva´ˇcek Effect of Bracing Systems on Overall Stability and Deformability of Cold-Formed Steel Roofing Structures......... 229 V. Semko, D. Prokhorenko Longitudinally Stiffened Girders Subjected to Bending Moment ........................................................ 235 Franc Sinur, Matija Brecelj, Darko Beg Section 4: Fatigue The Ad Hoc Nature of Weld Quality and Welding Procedures for Fatigue...................................................... 243 Erik A˚strand Process Methodology of Parameter Finding with an Enhanced Lifetime Model Used for Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue........... 249 Patrik Huter, Gerhard Winter, Florian Gru¨n Influence of FSW Process Parameters on Fatigue Strength of Aluminum Alloy 6082 Joints.................................... 257 Krzysztof Krasnowski Remnant Life Estimation for Repair Welding in Thermal Power Generation .............................................. 263 Stan T. Mandziej Estimation of the Stress Intensity Factor for 3D Cracked T– Joint........................................................ 273 Niculai Pasca, Liviu Marsavita, Radu Negru, Sebastian Muntean Effects of Welding Repairs on the Load Bearing Capacity and on the Fatigue Life of Fillet Welds of Normal and Low Alloy High Strength Steels............................................ 281 Hartmut Pasternak, Agnieszka Chwastek, A´d´am Seb˝ok On Estimating Service Life of Steel Structures.................. 287 Michal J. Pazdanowski Controlled Ageing of High Voltage Pylons ...................... 293 Peter Pol´ak, Martin Kasenˇc´ak, Michal Novovesk´y