Revue suisse de Zoologie 113 (2): 297-303;juin 2006 Description of Ceratophysella robustiseta sp. n. from greenhouses in England, with notes on synonymy of C. postantennalis Yosii, 1966 and taxonomic status of C. morula Deharveng & Bourgeois, 1991 (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) Dariusz SKARZYNSKI1 &Adrian SMOLIS1 1ZoologicalInstitute,WroclawUniversity,Przybyszewskiego63/77, 51-148Wroclaw, Poland. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Description of Ceratophysella robustiseta sp. n. from greenhouses in England, with notes on synonymy of C. postantennalis Yosii, 1966 and taxonomic status of C. morula Deharveng & Bourgeois, 1991 (Collembola: Hypogastruridae). - Ceratophysella robustiseta sp. n. from greenhouses in Kew Gardens (London, England) is described. Notes on morphology and taxonomic status of a related species Ceratophysella & morula Deharveng Bourgeois, 1991 are given. Ceratophysella postan- tennalis Yosii, 1966 is synonymized with Hypogastrura nepalica Yosii, 1966, syn. n. Keywords: Collembola - Hypogastruridae - Ceratophysella - taxonomy. INTRODUCTION The large genus Ceratophysella Borner, 1932 comprises three species with a moruliformpostantennalorgan: C. mosquensis(Becker, 1905)fromEurope, C.postan- tennalis Yosii, 1966 from Nepal, and C. morula Deharveng & Bourgeois, 1991 from Thailand. The first species mentioned is well known and widely distributed (Babenko etal, 1994) while the two latter ones are known fromthe type locality (C. morula) or some localities only (C. postantennalis). During visit in Kew Gardens greenhouses in London several specimens which generally resemble C. postantennalis and C. morula were found. Acomparison with the type material ofthese species made it possible to ascertain that the English specimens represented a new species, C. morula requires taxonomic comments and C. postantennalis is synonymous withHypogastrura nepal- ica Yosii, 1966. RESULTSAND DISCUSSION Hypogastrura nepalica Yosii, 1966 CeratophysellapostantennalisYosii, 1966syn. n. Material examined: Holotype - specimen in alcohol, Maedane Karka, East Nepal, 10.VI. 1963, leg. Yasuda; paratypes - 6 specimens on slides (formerly in alcohol), same data as holotype.All material depositedintheMuséumd'histoirenaturelle in Geneva. Manuscriptaccepted 14.11.2005 298 D- SKARZYNSKI&A. SMOLIS HolotypeofCeratophysellapostantennalis-maleonslide (formerlyinalcohol),Nepal, Maedane Karka, 10-12.VI.1963, leg.Yasuda, det.Yosii; paratypes - 9 specimens on slides (for- merlyinalcohol),Nepal,MaedaneKarka, 10.VI.1963,m-2,leg.Yasuda,det.Yosii 1983;2spec- imensonslides(formerlyinalcohol),Nepal,MaedaneKarka, 12.VI.1963,m-6,leg.Yasuda,det. Yosii 1983.Allmaterial depositedinthe Muséumd'histoirenaturellein Geneva. Remarks C. postantennalis was described from Maedane Karka (the Rolwaling Himal, East Nepal) on the basis of specimens with distinct morphological features: moruli- form postantennal organ, short setae, small mucro without lamellae and the presence of a median hump on abdominal tergum V (Yosii, 1966). Bourgeois & Cassagnau (1972) stated an opinion that the taxonomic status of C. postantennalis should be revised considering the low diagnostic value (possible epitokous and ecomorphic changes) ofthe discriminant features used by Yosii. ExaminationofthetypesofC.postantennalisshowedthattheholotypeandtwo paratypes were conspecific with Hypogastrura nepalica Yosii, 1966. This synonymy was confirmed by examination of the H. nepalica holotype and paratypes. It was interestingthatallthe studiedH. nepalica specimenshadamedianhumponabdominal tergum V similar to this of C. postantennalis in fig. 2A ofYosii (1966). Such a struc- ture was not mentioned in the original description of H. nepalica (see Yosii, 1966). Among other paratypes of C. postantennalis one adult in bad condition (i.e. without head), 6juveniles (probably ofthe first instar) ofan unidentified Ceratophysella (den- ticulata-group) species and 2 unidentified juveniles of the family Hypogastruridae werefound. Some ofthe Ceratophysellajuveniles hadindistinctlyfoldedpostantennal organ, long setae, boat-like mucro and median hump on abdominal tergumV absent. All the data mentioned suggest that Yosii made the C. postantennalis des- cription on the basis of H. nepalica and the unidentified Ceratophysella specimens. C Since the holotype of postantennalis isH. nepalica andthe taxonomic status ofthis last species is sufficiently clear, C. postantennalis is synonymized here with H. nepalica. Ceratophysella morula Deharveng & Bourgeois, 1991 Ceratophysella morula Deharveng & Bourgeois, 1991: 308 Materialexamined: Holotype-juvenilemaleonslide,Thailand,ChiangMaiprovince, DoiChiangDao, 1500ma. s. 1.,humusatentranceofashaft, 21.XII.1980, sampleTHA31, leg. Deharveng (collection ofthe MuséumNational d'Histoire Naturelle inParis). Remarks The statusofC. morulawasquestionedbyBabenkoetal. (1994).Theseauthors emphasized the low diagnostic value of the characters which distinguish C. morula from the related species C. mosquensis: the number of finger-like papillae in the postantennal organ, the ratio dens/mucro and the presence/absence ofsetae a'2 on the abdominal tergum V. They also suggested that the original description was inaccurate since 1 + 1 v setae on the head and 2 sublobal hairs on the maxillary outer lobe are C unique features in the denticulata-group. Examination of the holotype of morula confirmed some critical comments ofBabenko etal. (1994), in fact 2 + 2 v setae and only 1 sublobal hairwere visible. Moreover, some otherdifferences between fig. 11 of DESCRIPTION OF CERATOPHYSELLA ROBUSTISETA SP. N. 299 Deharveng & Bourgeois (1991) and the real chaetotaxy were noted, for instance the presenceofsetaep3 onthoracictergumIIanddifferentlengthsofnumerousbody setae andsensilla. Despite allthis, C. morula seems tobe agood species. From among three subtle characters used by Deharveng & Bourgeois (1991) to distinguish C. morula from C. mosquensis, the presence/absence ofsetae a'2 on abdominal tergum V seems tobereliable.Thishypothesis is supportedbytheresults ofthe studyon thetaxonomic statusofC. denticulata(Bagnali, 1941)andC. engadinensis(Gisin, 1949) (Skarzynski, 2004). In ordertoestablishthe diagnostic value oftheremaining characters a study on extensive topotypic material of this species is neccessary. The type material of C. mm morula - twojuvenile males (holotype - 0.85 and4 + 5 setae on the genital plate) is not suitable for this purpose. Taking this note into consideration one can cautiously expect that the shape of ventral sensilla on antennal segment IV could be a useful feature in diagnostics ofthe mentioned species (see Tab. 1). C. morula is also similar to C. robustiseta sp. n. from which it differs clearly in numerous characters presented inTab. 1. It is possible that the two populations from Mingbo and Yaral (the Khumbu Himal, East Nepal) recognized as C. postantennalis by Yosii (1971) refer in reality to C. morula. Examination of respective material from the collection of the Muséum d'histoire naturelle in Geneva (3 adult specimens on slide made by Yosii, Nepal, Mingbo, 299, 3.VI.1961, leg. Janetschek; 12 adult specimens on slides formerly in alcohol, Nepal, Mingbo, 4800 m., 299, 28.V- 3.VI.1961, leg. Janetschek, det. Yosii; 2 adult specimens on slides formerly in alcohol, Nepal,Yaral, 4100 m., 262, IV-V1961, leg. Janetschek, det. Yosii) showedthatthese specimens generally fitthedescriptionof C. morula. Nevertheless theyclearly differinthelengthofsetae, C. morulahas shorter ones. In spite of this it would be premature to regard these Nepalic populations as a new species until more information on the morphological variability of C. morula is available. Ceratophysella robustiseta sp. n. Figs 1-8 Type material: Holotype - female on slide, surface of wet mosses near small waterfalls in greenhouses with tropical plants in Kew Gardens (the Evolution House and Princess ofWales Conservatory, London, England), 16. VI. 2003, leg. A. Smolis; paratypes - 12 females, 4 males and 2juveniles on slides, same data as holotype (type material preserved in the collection of the Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, Wroclaw University, Poland; one paratype female housed in the collection ofthe Muséum d'histoire naturelle in Geneva). Etymology: The new species is named afterthe robust setae on the dorsal side ofthe body. Diagnosis: This species is distinguished from other members ofthe denticula- ta-group by the following combination of characters: eversible sac between antennal segmentsIII-IVabsent, antennal segmentIVwith 10-15 only slightlymodifiedsensilla in ventral file, postantennal organ from almost smooth to weakly moruliform, chaeto- taxy with setae a'2 on abdominal terga I-III and V present, dorsal setae thick abruptly pointed at tips and serrated, empodial appendage with relatively narrow basal lamella 300 D. SKARZYNSKI&A. SMOLIS O IH — CO ' ' "S s 2 S S s « T3 , T3 *2 (hUaU,-r-W-tCh) X) *«•s -3s x o 3 +H -S "ês -r1 2 •3 * o o U S V- Oh S > Xc!rj O £l-i § D3h M "^ O H OQ 2 5b 2 E S s -UO..—y<ML> c heDu,•—"—— s •eou *e-d> 3 ,o <3+-( 13 -g £ S O & U E b0"0 c eu T3 x s 2 S eu fc O X&i 5 £ 5 o eeuu i—I o J5 eu TX3 s > 3ocedo ™EMeu O -oaa. +c 7£3 1s «5„ &3E .52 .52 emu 5 <-> U > c C* S U CO DESCRIPTION OF CERATOPHYSELLAROBUSTISETA SP. N. 301 mm 0.01 <Z^/ 4 Figs 1-8 Ceratophysella robustiseta sp. n.: 1, postantennal organ and ocelli; 2-4, postantennal organ; 5,chaetotaxyofthoracictergumII; 6,chaetotaxyofabdominaltergaIII-VI; 7,densandmucro; 8,tibiotarsus andclaw III. 302 D. SKARZYNSKI&A. SMOLIS andapical filamentreaching about3/4ofinneredgeofclaw, furcashortenedwithvery delicate cuticular skeleton, dens with 6-7 unmodified setae, basal macrochaeta longer than dens and mucro small with low lateral lamella. Description: Body length of males 1.1-1.3 mm, females 1.1-1.5 mm. Body colour greyish-black, paler ventrally. Granulation almost uniform, coarser on last abdominal terga, 6-12 granules between setae pj on abdominal tergum V. Dorsal chaetotaxy ofthorax and abdomen as in Figs 5-6. Chaetotaxy ofhead typical for the genus. Dorsal macrochaetae and microchaetae relatively short, thick, abruptly pointed at tips and clearly serrated (Figs 1, 5). Tip of dorsal setae usually with light external layer (Fig. 1). Body sensilla short (ratio p3/p4(s) and p6/m-7(s) on thoracic tergum II = m 1.3-1.5 and 1.6-2 respectively), fine and smooth. Setae 2 on thoracic terga 11-111 m absent, 6 present. Setae a3 on thoracic tergum II distinctly longer than aj and a2. Microsensillum (ms) onthoracic tergumIIpresent. One additional setapresentoutside lateral sensillum m7 on thoracic tergum III (see Deharveng & Bourgeois 1991: 309, Fig. 11). Setae a'2 on abdominal terga 1-111 usually present. Setae pj on abdominal tergum IV microchaetae, p2 macrochaetae. Abdominal tergum V with 4 + 4 a-setae insidethe twop5 macrochaetae (a'2present). Subcoxae I, II, III with 1, 3(4), 3(4) setae respectively. Antennal segment IV with simple apical vesicle, subapical organite, microsen- sillum, 6-7 cylindrical, subequal sensilla in typical arrangement (sensilla d sometimes absent) and about 10-15 thin, slightly curved and blunt-tipped sensilla in ventral file. Antennal Ill-organ with two long (lateral) and two short (internal) curved sensilla. Microsensillum on antennal segment III present. Eversible sac between antennal segments III-IV absent. Antennal segment I with 7 setae. Ocelli 8 + 8. Postantennal organ about twice as long as diameter ofocellus B, variable in shape. Four primary lobes of postantennal organ with more or less numerous finger-like papillae (Figs 1-3), sometimes without distinct papillae (Fig. 4). Accessory boss invisible. Labrum with 5, 5, 4 setae and 4 rounded distal papillae. Four prelabral setae. Head of maxilla as in C. denticulata (see Fjellberg, 1984). Maxillary outer lobe with 1 sublobal hair. Labium as in C. denticulata (see Fjellberg, 1998/1999), with 6 pro- ximal setae. Tibiotarsi I, II, III with 19, 19, 18 setae respectively, davate tenent hairs absent (Fig. 8). Claws with distinct inner tooth and two pairs ofindistinct lateral teeth (Fig. 8). Empodial appendage with relatively narrow basal lamella and apical filament reaching about 3/4 ofinner edge ofclaw (Fig. 8). Ventral tube with 4 + 4 setae. Furca shortened (ratio dens + mucro/inneredge ofclaws III =ca 1.5), cuticular skeleton of furca very delicate, sometimes invisible. Dens with uniform granulation and 6-7 unmodified dorsal setae (basal macrochaeta longerthan dens) (Fig. 7). Mucro small, boat-like with low lamellae (Fig. 7). Retinaculum with 4 + 4 teeth. Anal spines long (about 1.2 as long as claws III), slightly curved, situated on basal papillae (Fig 6). Colour ofanal spines more orless yellowish. Discussion: C. robustiseta sp. n. resembles species with a moruliform post- antennal organ such as C. morula and C. mosquensis from which it differs in the DESCRIPTION OF CERATOPHYSELLAROBUSTISETA SP. N. 303 characters summarizedinTab. 1. Moreovera setofcharacteristic features: the absence ofeversible sac between antennal segments III-IV, thepresence ofonly slightly modi- fied sensilla in ventral file ofantennal segment IV, thick dorsal setae, furca shortened with very delicate cuticular skeleton, dens with long basal macrochaeta and small mucro place this species near C. michalinae Skarzynski, 2005. Nevertheless it can be easily separated from this species by the following characters (see Skarzynski, 2005): postantennalorganfromalmostsmoothtoweaklymoruliform(v. smooth), setaea'2on abdominal tergum V present (v. absent), empodial appendage with relatively narrow basal lamella and apical filament reaching about 3/4 of inner edge of claw (v. broad basal lamella and apical filamentreaching 1/2 ofinner edge ofclaw), 6-7 dental setae (v.4-7). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to express our sincere thanks to Dr Charles Lienhard for loans of Yosii's material of C. postantennalis and H. nepalica and to Dr Louis Deharveng for supplying holotype ofC. morula. REFERENCES Babenko, A. B., Chernova, N. M., Potapov, M. B. & Stebaeva, S. K. 1994. Collembola of Russiaand adjacentcountries: Family Hypogastruridae.Nauka, Moscow, 336pp. Bourgeois, A. & Cassagnau, P. 1972. La différenciation du type Ceratophysellien chez les Collemboles Hypogastruridae. NouvelleRevued'Entomologie2: 271-291. Deharveng, L. & Bourgeois, A. 1991. Two new species of Ceratophysella (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) fromThailand.ActaZoologica Cracoviensia 34: 303-310. Fjellberg, A. 1984. Maxillary structures in Hypogastruridae (Collembola). Annales de la SociétéRoyaleZoologiquedeBelgique 114: 89-99. Fjellberg,A. 1999. TheLabial Palpin Collembola. ZoologischerAnzeiger237: 309-330. Skarzynski, D. 2004. Taxonomic status ofCeratophysella denticulata (Bagnali, 1941), C. en- gadinensis (Gisin, 1949) and C. stercoraria Stach, 1963 (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) in the light of laboratory hybridisation studies. Insect Systematics and Evolution 35: 277-284. Skarzynski, D. 2005. Ceratophysella michalinae, a new species from Poland (Collembola: Hypogastruridae). Genus 16: 1-5. Yosn, R. 1966. Collembola of Himalaya. Journal ofthe College ofArts and Sciences Chiba University4: 461-531. Yosn, R. 1971. Collembola of Khumbu Himal. In: Khumbu Himal.