Pierre Frankhauser Dominique Ansel Editors Deciding Where to Live An Interdisciplinary Approach to Residential Choice in its Social Context Deciding Where to Live Pierre Frankhauser · Dominique Ansel (Eds.) Deciding Where to Live An Interdisciplinary Approach to Residential Choice in its Social Context With a Preface by Lena Sanders Editors Pierre Frankhauser Dominique Ansel Besançon, France Besançon, France ISBN 978-3-658-15541-4 ISBN 978-3-658-15542-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-658-15542-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016950410 Springer VS © Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden 2016 This work is subject to copyright. 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Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer VS imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH The registered company address is: Abraham-Lincoln-Str. 46, 65189 Wiesbaden, Germany The authors thank the French National Research Agency (Agence nationale de la Recherche) for fnancing the ECDESUP project (L’évaluation, le choix et la décision dans l’usage des espaces urbains et périurbains, projet ANR 07-BLAN- 0029-01) without which this book could not have been writen. Preface Lena Sanders Deciding where to live—this is a fundamental issue for individuals and society alike, and it is also a great subject for interdisciplinary research because of the many complex aspects to this seemingly straightforward question. What makes this book original and rich is primarily that it looks at this issue from so many sides, with intersecting angles of approach and an interdisciplinary grounding. Rather than being a series of chapters in which each discipline sets out its point of view, with its questions and methods, one of the features of great interest in this book is that all the chapters are writen by several hands, most of them in- volving three or four separate disciplines. This approach implies forms of “ne- gotiation” among the authors, who have managed to put across didactically what each discipline has to contribute to the question of deciding to move and choosing where to live. Almost all the chapters are co-signed by geographers and psychologists, refecting the backgrounds of the two editors of the book. This underlying interdisciplinarity is enhanced by the outlooks of economists (also associated with very many chapters), neurologists, sociologists, linguists, and a physicist (one of the editors began his academic career in theoretical phy- sics). Each of these outlooks illuminates the others. Three aspects of the work seem to me worth highlighting: – the approach is resolutely multiscalar and multidimensional: on an indivi- dual level consideration is given to individuals’ neurological and psychological workings, their inheritance and past experience, their mode of evaluation and rationality; the efects of context infuencing their decision-making process are contemplated in all their dimensions (family, environment); lastly, the dynamics of residential spaces and planning strategies are addressed on the collective 8 Lena Sanders level of society and territory. Each level is addressed per se and in terms of its mutual interactions with the others. – The approach is a systemic one and the concept of system, which is a pre-eminently cross-disciplinary one, is mobilized in several chapters. The sys- tems and interactions at work in deciding where to live are highly diverse, some being intra-individual, with the various components of emotion (physiological, behavioural, and cognitive) and the executive cerebral system (emotional, co- gnitive, and motivational processes); some inter-individual and inter-locational, with the spatial system bringing into play interactions among places, accessibi- lity, migratory fows, and more generally among individuals, groups, and the environment with respect to the system of relations between the residential set- ting, the way inhabitants perceive it, and their satisfaction with it. The concepts relating to the systemic approach such as feedback (e.g. between individual be- haviour and collective references), emergence (especially urban paterns, segre- gation paterns), and self-organization (e.g. in the phenomenon of periurbaniza- tion) are explained from the point of view of theory and are mobilized in several chapters on varied topics. – The theoretical underpinnings of the book are robust and manifest them- selves in two ways: (1) within each chapter, with theory serving a line of argu- ment that is followed through to the end, for example, that of evaluation of an environment or the psychological context of residential choice; (2) in a more transversal approach that consists in explaining and comparing theoretical fra- meworks through which to describe and model complex systems, account for a decision-making process, examine the objects of observation, or juggle with the questions of uncertainty and imprecision. Accordingly, the interest of this book extends beyond the theme of deciding where to live, and the conceptual thinking proposed here could readily be extended to other topics. The introduction to the book presents the chapters in the logical sequence chosen by the authors. However, it seems to me that the various chapters can stand alone while at the same time contributing to the collective work and can be read in other orders, depending on the reader’s own interests. This approach is facilitated by the frequent cross-references that make it easy to navigate among the chapters. Contents Preface Lena Sanders Introduction Pierre Frankhauser and Dominique Ansel ........................................................11 1 Individuals in Their Spatial and Social Environments Sophie Mariani-Rousset, Anne Grifond-Boitier, Andrée Chauvin-Vileno, Jérôme Valentin, and Victor Alexandre ............................................................................................17 2 The Wheres and Hows of Residential Choice Anne Grifond-Boitier, Sophie Mariani-Rousset, Pierre Frankhauser, Jérôme Valentin, Victor Alexandre, and Bernadete Nicot ..............................45 3 Socio-Cognitive Accessibility to Places Thierry Ramadier and Christophe Enaux .......................................................... 71 4 Afect, Uncertainty, and Decision-Making Dominique Ansel, Bernadete Nicot, Arnaud Piombini, and Fabien Girandola ............................................................................................93 5 Neuroscience and Decision-Making Thierry Moulin and Laurent Tatu ..................................................................... 113 6 Spatial Decision-Making: Between Individual Choices and Collective References Cécile Tannier, Myriam Morer, and Dominique Ansel .................................. 127 1 0 Contents 7 Collective and Cooperative Behaviour Models Damienne Provitolo, Pierre Frankhauser, Myriam Morer, Christophe Enaux, Dominique Ansel, Igor Agbossou, Dominique Peeters, and Geofrey Caruso ........................................................151 8 Observing The Decision-Making Process Pierre Frankhauser, Kevin Chapuis, Sophie Mariani-Rousset, Anne Grifond-Boitier, and Victor Alexandre .................................................193 9 Preferences, Utility, Choice, and Atractiveness Arnaud Piombini, Cécile Tannier, Pierre Frankhauser, Bernadete Nicot, and Dominique Ansel.......................................................... 227 10D eterminism, Probability, and Imprecision in Decision- Making Bernadete Nicot, Pierre Frankhauser, and Cécile Tannier. ...........................255 References .........................................................................................................293 About the authors ..........................................................................................329 Introduction Pierre Frankhauser and Dominique Ansel Choosing where to live has certainly been a fundamental act in human society ever since people became sedentary. This choice is largely determined by the cultural, historical, social, and spatial context in which people live. However, the place where an individual, household, or group setles contributes greatly to their well-being or uneasiness and may prompt them to move, within the bounds of their possibilities. In evaluating a place to live, account is taken not just of the housing but also the environment in which it is located and more generally the places that are regularly frequented. The image associated with such spaces is an essential component in appraising the residential environment and the degree of satis- faction of the resident population. In developed countries, the spectacular improvement of means of travel has facilitated the appropriation of places within an ever increasing radius and so modifed the relationship between the individual and the space experienced, which now covers a vaster area and more diversifed usages. Growing mobility has also increased the potential for choice and decision-making and contributed to making the relation with space more complex. Recurrent spatial practices and residential choice act directly on anthropized space by transforming it and generating daily travel fows. Such fows are an important issue in territorial dynamics. But these transformations also modify the space experienced and the way users perceive it. What are the factors that push individuals to move home and how do they reach that decision? That is the general question we address in this multi-authored book. The individual who chooses a place to live acts by integrating factors relating to her personal history in conjunction with her spatial experiences but also aspects pertaining to the perception of her social and spatial environment that are socially constructed