UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO FACULTY LAW of Cases and Materials Volume 2 Martha Shaffer Hamish Stewart Graham Mayeda Andrew Botterell Fall 2016 These materials are distributed solely for use by students in the Faculty of Law, University of Toronto AUG 2 2 2016 FACULTY OF LAW UNiVERgr/7 OF TORONTO CRIMINAL LAW Cases and Materials Volume 2 Martha Shaffer Hamish Stewart Graham Mayeda Andrew Botterell Fall 2016 These materials are distributed solely for use by students the Faculty of Law, University of Toronto Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from University of Toronto https://archive.org/details/criminallawcases02shaf_9 Table of Contents 3 MENS REA: THE FAULT ELEMENT 390 3(a) Motive, Purpose, Intention, and Knowledge.390 Lewis v. The Queen.390 R. v. Steane.399 R. v. Buzzanga and Durocher.404 Note: R. v. Keegstra.414 Note: R. v. Hibbert.416 Questions.420 Further reading.423 3(b) Wilful Blindness.424 Note on Wilful Blindness.424 R. v. Lagace.425 Question on Wilful Blindness.432 3(c) Recklessness.435 R. v. G and another.435 Notes and Questions on R. v. G.441 3(d) The Enigma of Criminal Negligence: Fault Element or Conduct Element?442 3(d)(i) The Offence of Criminal Negligence Causing Death.442 R. v. Tutton and Tutton.442 Questions and Notes on Tutton.457 R. v. F.(J.).458 3(d)(ii) Negligence as an Element.466 Note: R. v. Hundal.466 Note: R. v. Beatty.470 * Problem.476 Further Reading.477 3(e) Constitutionally Required Fault.478 Vaillancourt v. The Queen.478 * R. v. Martineau.489 Questions on Vaillancourt and Martineau.508 Note on Finta and Mugesera.509 R. v. Creighton.516 Note: Companion Cases to Creighton.546 Note: R. v. Cribbin.547 Problem.550 Further Reading.551 3(f) Fault for Regulatory Offences.553 R. v. City of Sault Ste. Marie.553 R. v. Wholesale Travel Group Inc.561 Further Reading.578 3(g) Absolute Liability.580 R. v. Transport Robert (1973) Ltee.580 Questions.584 3(h) Fault and Mistakes.586 3(h)(i) Mistake of Fact: Introduction.586 R. v. Beaver.586 3(h)(ii) Mistake of Fact and Sexual Assault.592 * R. v. Pappajohn.592 Note on Pappajohn.607 * Sansregret v. The Queen.609 Note on Sansregret.616 Note: Failing to Take Reasonable Steps.617 Note: R. v. Ewanchuk.617 * R. v. Cornejo.625 Further Reading.630 3(h)(iii) Mistake of Fact: Constitutional Considerations.632 Note: R. v. Nguyen; R. v. Hess...632 R. v. Darrach.634 3(h)(iv) Mistaking One Offence for Another.637 Note: R. v. Kundeus.637 3(h)(v) Mistake of Law.640 R. v. Campbell and Mlynarchuk.640 R. v. Molis.643 R. v. Docherty.647 R. v. Pontes.654 Note: R. v. Jorgensen.661 Levis (City) v. Tetreault; Levis (City) v. 2629-4470 Quebec Inc.669 Further Reading.679 5. FORMS OF LIABILITY.680 5(a) Aiding and Abetting.680 5(a)(i) Actus Reus for Aiding and Abetting: Degree of Participation.681 R. v. Kulbacki.681 * R. v. Dunlop and Sylvester.682 * R. v. Russell.691 Note: R. v. Popen.698 *R. v. Dooley.699 5(a)(ii) Mens Rea for Aiding: “Purpose”. 705 Note: R. v. Popen.705 R. v. Hibbert.706 * R. v. Briscoe.718 R. v. Roach.725 R. v. Mariani.726 5(a)(iii) Mens Rea for abetting.731 5(b) Common Intention.732 5(b)(i) The Elements of Liability Through Common Intention.732 Note: R. v. Jackson.732 5(b)(ii) The Defence of Abandonment.737 * R. v. Bird.737 * R. v. S.R.B.737 * R. v. Gauthier.745 5(b)(iii) Constitutional Validity of s. 21(2).759 R. v. Logan.759 6. INCHOATE OFFENCES. 765 6(a) Attempts.765 6(a)(i) The Mental Element.765 R. v. Ancio.765 R. v. Logan.771 Questions on the Mental Element for Attempts.774 6(a)(ii) The Conduct Element.775 R. v. Robinson.775 R. v. Barker.778 R. v. Cline.784 R. v. James.787 R. v. Sorrell and Bondett.788 R. v. Deutsch.791 6(a)(iii) Impossible Attempts.795 Note: The English Law of Impossible Attempts.795 United States of America v. Dynar.801 R. v. Williams.820