Creative Industries in Greece Alina   Hyz • Kostas   Karamanis Creative Industries in Greece An Empirical Analysis from the Region of Epirus Alina   Hyz Kostas   Karamanis Piraeus University of Applied Technological Educational Institute Sciences, Greece of Epirus , Greece ISBN 978-3-319-40297-0 ISBN 978-3-319-40298-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-40298-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016949372 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and the Author(s) 2 016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. 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Cover illustration: Modern building window © saulgranda/Getty Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland C ONTENTS 1 Theoretical Overview 1 1.1 Defi ning the Creative Industries 3 1.2 Differences Between Creative and Traditional Industries 6 1.3 Political Fields in the Creative Economy 11 1.4 Stakeholders in the Creative Economy 1 3 1.5 Entrepreneurship in the Creative Economy 1 6 1.6 Characteristics of Creative Entrepreneurs 2 0 1.7 A New Model of Work 22 1.8 Cultural Diffusion in the Creative Economy 2 4 1.9 Barriers of the Creative Economy 2 6 1.10 F rom Theory to Empirics 27 References 30 2 Benchmarking of Sectors and the Environment 35 2.1 France 3 6 2.2 United Kingdom 3 7 2.3 Germany 40 2.4 Denmark 4 1 2.5 Latvia 4 2 2.6 Estonia 43 References 46 v vi CONTENTS 3 Epirus: Introducing the Region 4 9 3.1 General Information 49 3.2 Administrative Division 51 3.3 Demographic Information 5 3 3.4 Economic Information 55 3.5 Education 62 3.6 Natural and Cultural Attractions 6 4 References 71 4 Presentation of Cultural and Creative Industries in the Region of Epirus 73 4.1 Methodology 74 4.2 Statistical Data by Regional Unit 74 4.3 Statistical Data by Sector 7 6 4.4 Evolution of Cultural and Creative Enterprises in the  Region of Epirus 8 6 References 88 5 Critical Assessment of the Cultural and Creative Industries in the Region of Epirus 8 9 5.1 Methodology 89 5.2 Strengths 90 5.3 Weaknesses and Threats 92 5.4 Opportunities 9 6 5.5 SWOT Matrix for the Region of Epirus 9 7 References 99 6 Conclusions and Recommendations for Developing the  Cultural and Creative Industries in the Region of Epirus 1 01 References 1 10 Index 1 11 L F IST OF IGURES Fig. 1.1 D ifferences between creative and traditional industries. S ource : Authors’ work 7 Fig. 1.2 P olitical fi elds in the creative economy. S ource : Authors’ work 1 1 Fig. 1.3 S takeholders in the creative economy. S ource : Authors’ work 1 4 Fig. 1.4 E ntrepreneurship in the creative economy. S ource : Authors’ work 17 Fig. 1.5 C ultural diffusion in the creative economy. S ource : Authors’ work 25 Fig. 1.6 B arriers of the creative economy. S ource : Authors’ work 27 Fig. 3.1 R egion of Epirus: a geographic department of the Greek dominion. S ource : G recian.net 5 0 Fig. 3.2 The four regional units of the Region of Epirus. Source : Ministry of interior and administrative reconstruction 5 1 Fig. 4.1 Cultural and creative enterprises by regional unit in the Region of Epirus. Adapted from: Chamber of Ioannina, Chamber of Arta, Chamber of Preveza, Chamber of Thesprotia 7 5 Fig. 4.2 Establishments in the sector of creative and cultural industries born during periods (% of total establishments). Source : Data research 87 vii L T IST OF ABLES Table 1.1 N ACE Revision 2 codes used to describe the cultural and creative industries 28 Table 3.1 P opulation of Greece and the Region of Epirus (total and by regional unit) 1951–2011 5 4 Table 3.2 A verage yearly rate of change of the population by regional unit 1951–2011 (%) 55 Table 3.3 U rban, semi-urban and rural population of the Region of Epirus 5 5 Table 3.4 G DP of the Region of Epirus and Greece, 2008–2012 5 6 Table 3.5 R elative regional industry specialization in the Region of Epirus 59 Table 3.6 E conomically active and inactive population of the Region of Epirus 6 0 Table 3.7 S ector of economic activity of the Region of Epirus 6 0 Table 3.8 U nemployment rate of the Region of Epirus and the total of Greece 60 Table 3.9 W elfare indexes in the Region of Epirus 6 1 Table 3.10 C ontribution of the Region of Epirus to the total fi gures for Greece as a percentage 62 Table 3.11 P upils and students in all levels of education (ISCED 0–6)—as % of total population at regional level, 2008–2012 6 3 Table 4.1 C ultural and creative (CC) enterprises in the Region of Epirus 74 Table 4.2 C ultural and creative (CC) enterprises by sector in the Region of Epirus 76 Table 4.3 C ultural and creative enterprises by sector and by regional unit (number) 7 9 ix